Neuroimmune Modulation for Drug-Refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis: Long-Term Safety and Efficacy in Patients Enrolled in a Pilot Vagus Nerve Stimulation Study
Gaylis NB, Sikes D, Kivitz A, Horowitz DL, Evangelista M, Levine YA, Chernoff D
Rheumatology and Therapy · 2025
Key finding
In a 36-month open-label extension of an implanted VNS pilot, 64% of completers maintained a clinically meaningful CDAI response with sustained safety in drug-refractory RA.
- Condition
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Stimulation
- iVNS
- Evidence tier
- Observational / Cohort
- Participants
- 14
Cite this study
Gaylis, N. B., Sikes, D., Kivitz, A., Horowitz, D. L., Evangelista, M., Levine, Y. A., & Chernoff, D. (2025). Neuroimmune Modulation for Drug-Refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis: Long-Term Safety and Efficacy in Patients Enrolled in a Pilot Vagus Nerve Stimulation Study. Rheumatology and Therapy, 12(6), 1125-1136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40744-025-00798-y
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Summary by Vagus Research. Always consult the primary source for the authoritative record.