Peer-Reviewed Research
Evidence Database
A curated collection of peer-reviewed research on vagus nerve stimulation. Search by condition, study type, or keyword to explore the evidence.
Protocol of the randomized double blind sham controlled AddVNS study of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation mechanisms in depression
Kokolakis et al. · Scientific reports · 2026
We believe it to significantly advance our mechanistic understanding and subsequently clinical translation of this promising intervention.
Effects of adding transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation to vestibular rehabilitation on dizziness and postural control in vestibular migraine: a randomized clinical trial
Farahani et al. · Scientific reports · 2026
All groups showed significant improvement (p < 0.05), but VR plus taVNS produced the most consistent gains across postural and symptom measures.
Network meta-analysis on efficacy of nerve stimulation or modulation in patients with heart failure
Tseng et al. · Heart rhythm · 2026
Interventions targeting both arms of the autonomic nervous system, including sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, and the vasculature (carotid or renal arteries) demonstrated preferable results.
The vagus connection: exploring the neurobiology of brain-gut communication
Xing et al. · Journal of neurophysiology · 2026
This imbalance plays a significant role in pathological conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia.
Vagal Nerve Stimulation for Chronic Constipation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Saleh et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2026
Six RCTs involving 356 participants were included.
Transauricular vagus nerve electrical stimulation improves postoperative sleep disorders in elderly patients (VNstep): protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Wang et al. · Trials · 2026
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of transauricular vagal nerve stimulation in improving sleep disorders in elderly patients.
Predicting treatment response to transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in patients with insomnia: resting-state functional connectivity based multivoxel pattern analysis
Qi et al. · BMC psychiatry · 2026
TaVNS group showed significantly improved clinical assessment compared with staVNS.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in breast cancer: a neuroimmune model to improve quality of life
Do et al. · Frontiers in oncology · 2026
Evidence suggests that tVNS modulates locus coeruleus-norepinephrine activity, regulates arousal and sleep, reduces fatigue and anxiety, enhances cognitive function, and activates the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways.
Vagus nerve stimulation: An update of currently registered clinical trials on ClinicalTrials.gov
Horowitz et al. · Surgical neurology international · 2026
An examination of ClinicalTrials.gov revealed 440 clinical trials, with 346 meeting our inclusion criteria.
Brain-gut interaction for holistic regulation: Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in modulating glucose and lipid metabolic disorders
Zou et al. · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2026
Based on the concept of "brain-gut interaction for holistic regulation", this review explores the potential mechanisms of taVNS in ameliorating glucose and lipid metabolic disorders, offering new perspectives and strategies for clinical intervention.
Vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates learning-memory deficits and suppresses neuronal apoptosis via the ERK/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway in epileptic rats
Lu et al. · The International journal of neuroscience · 2026
Healthy rats exhibited abundant, evenly distributed Nissl bodies and orderly arranged cortical neurons.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation enhances episodic memory across valences and memory stages
Mary et al. · Brain stimulation · 2026
taVNS significantly enhanced memory recall compared to sham stimulation (χ2 (1) = 22.1, p < 0.001), regardless of whether it was administered during encoding, consolidation, or retrieval (χ2 (2) = 0.98, p = 0.6).
Exploring vagus nerve stimulation in postoperative delirium and dementia
Spicer et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2026
utilize percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (pVNS) as a potential novel avenue for the attenuation of neuroinflammation and postoperative cognitive decline, which we have discussed in this commentary.
Vagus nerve-mediated neuroimmune modulation for rheumatoid arthritis: a pivotal randomized controlled trial
Tesser et al. · Nature medicine · 2026
ACR20 rates were higher with active simulation than with sham at 3 months (35.2% versus 24.2%, P = 0.0209), which further improved in open-label to 50.0% at 6 months and 52.8% at 12 months (all-completers).
Vagus nerve stimulation: a novel approach for refractory rheumatoid arthritis
Shabbir et al. · Clinical rheumatology · 2026
Study examining rheumatoid arthritis using iVNS.
The role of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in chronic pain: from neurobiological mechanisms to clinical applications
Zhang et al. · Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), as an emerging non-invasive neuromodulation technique, has demonstrated broad application prospects in chronic pain management in recent years.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for postoperative pain: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Lu et al. · BMJ open · 2026
However, taVNS lacks a comprehensive evaluation and standardised protocols, so further research is needed to provide reliable evidence.
Non-invasive auricular vagus nerve stimulation in fibromyalgia: Impacts on autonomic function, central sensitization and pain catastrophizing
Lommano et al. · Joint bone spine · 2026
Significant improvements were observed in total COMPASS-31 scores (P<0.05), particularly within the orthostatic (P<0.05), vasomotor (P<0.05), and pupillomotor (P<0.05) subdomains.
Vagus nerve stimulation as a novel therapeutic approach for musculoskeletal diseases
Yadav et al. · The American journal of the medical sciences · 2026
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has gained significant attention as a therapy for various medical conditions due to its ability to modulate chronic diseases, pain, and inflammation.
Laterality-Dependent Biological Effects of Manual Acupuncture Stimulation of the Auricular Vagus Nerve in Women with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial
Neves et al. · Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2026
While no significant between-group differences were observed in pain intensity, left-sided stimulation (aVNS-L) was associated with a modest but significant reduction in global symptom severity.
Device and Procedure for Closed-Loop Endovascular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Evoked Response Sensing
Kashyap et al. · Neurosurgery · 2026
We demonstrate accurate detection of nerve activation via endovascular evoked compound action potential along with an indication of the specific fibers being activated.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Cognitive Impairment in Traumatic Brain Injury via the mtDNA/cGAS-STING/NLRP3 Inflammasome Axis
Ren et al. · Neurocritical care · 2026
We found that VNS treatment significantly improved cognitive impairment, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced accumulation of cytosolic mitochondrial DNA, attenuated cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-STING pathway, suppressed nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, ...
Targeting Brain Plasticity: Vagal Nerve Stimulation as a Therapy for Autism-Like Symptoms in a Valproic Acid Mouse Model
Calikusu et al. · Developmental neurobiology · 2026
Behavioral testing, including the three-chamber test, mirrored chamber test, open field test, and elevated plus maze, revealed that tVNS significantly improved sociability and social preference indices, reduced social anxiety, and decreased general anxiety-like behaviors in VPA-induced mice.
Gulf War Illness: Neurological Impacts, Pathophysiological Insights, and Therapeutic Prospects
Mantilla et al. · Molecular neurobiology · 2026
Evidence implicates neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and epigenetic dysregulation as central mechanisms, with emerging data suggesting early tauopathy and sex-specific immune responses.
Potential application of brain-gut axis-based treatments in Long COVID and ME/CFS: a case-based systematic review
Kim et al. · Journal of translational medicine · 2026
The patient exhibited a significant reduction in total fatigue, with early improvements in motivation and mental fatigue, and delayed improvement in physical fatigue following transient systemic symptom flares.
Vagus nerve and cancer symptom science
Aktas et al. · BMJ supportive & palliative care · 2026
Patients with cancer are often polysymptomatic due to significant disease and treatment-related morbidity.
ATP release and metabolism by human and guinea pig airways and P2X receptor-dependent effects on bronchopulmonary vagal afferent nerve subtypes
Canning et al. · British journal of pharmacology · 2026
It is also unclear whether P2X receptor blockade could compromise the essential defensive functions of cough regulated by the vagal Aδ-fibres terminating in the extrapulmonary airways.
Stress, inflammation, and resilience among patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma undergoing multimodal therapy: Current knowledge and future directions
Peng et al. · Tzu chi medical journal · 2026
Oral squamous cell carcinoma represents a significant public health challenge in Asia, where multimodal therapies, while extending survival, impose substantial biologic and psychosocial stress.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
De Oliveira et al. · Neuromodulation · 2025
Pooling data from six studies, taVNS significantly improved PSQI scores (MD = -3.60) and Insomnia Severity Index scores (MD = -5.24), with improvements across multiple sleep dimensions and minimal adverse effects.
Bilateral transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of insomnia in breast cancer
Do et al. · Scientific Reports · 2025
Nightly bilateral taVNS over two weeks significantly reduced insomnia severity, improved sleep quality, decreased cancer-related fatigue and depression, and increased HRV in breast cancer patients.
Vagus nerve stimulation in autoimmune conditions: a systematic review
Lombo et al. · ACR Open Rheumatology · 2025
Across 12 clinical trials of VNS in autoimmune conditions, more than half found reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokines, with IL-6 most consistently reduced (6 of 7 studies).
Vagus nerve stimulation therapy for treatment-resistant PTSD
Powers et al. · Brain Stimulation · 2025
All nine participants with treatment-resistant PTSD no longer met criteria for diagnosis after implanted VNS paired with prolonged exposure therapy, with benefits persisting at six-month follow-up.
Vagus nerve stimulation in treatment-resistant depression: A one-year, randomized, sham-controlled trial
Conway et al. · Brain stimulation · 2025
Overall, 88.4 % of participants completed the trial.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Postpartum Contraction Pain During Elective Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Xiong et al. · JAMA network open · 2025
A total of 156 women were recruited and randomized to the active taVNS group (78 patients; mean [SD] age, 31.5 [4.3] years) or the sham taVNS group (78 patients; mean [SD] age, 31.3 [4.5] years).
Multi-species probiotic supplement enhances vagal nerve function - results of a randomized controlled trial in patients with depression and healthy controls
Mörkl et al. · Gut microbes · 2025
Major depression (MD) significantly impacts individual well-being and society.
Effects of vagus nerve stimulation on daily function and quality of life in markedly treatment-resistant major depression: Findings from a one-year, randomized, sham-controlled trial
Rush et al. · Brain stimulation · 2025
Active VNS was superior to sham in mean change in scores from baseline in the Mini-Q-LES-Q (P = 0.050) and WPAI item 6 (health condition's effect on regular activities [P = 0.050]) used as continuous variables, with a similar trend for Q-LES-Q (P = 0.061).
Effect of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation with electrical stimulation on generalized anxiety disorder: Study protocol for an assessor-participant blinded, randomized sham-controlled trial
Lai et al. · Heliyon · 2025
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been used for treating mental disorders, but the involvement of surgery, perioperative risks, and potentially significant side effects have limited this treatment.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Treatment for Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Li et al. · JAMA dermatology · 2025
Seventy-two participants (67 female individuals [93.1%]; median [IQR] age: 29.5 [24.0-36.0] years) with ETR were randomized into either the taVNS (36 [50.0%]) or SS groups (36 [50.0%]).
Efficacy of auricular point-vagus nerve stimulation in adolescent insomnia patients and the brain function regulation mechanisms: a study protocol for an experimental, randomized, controlled clinical trial
He et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2025
Adolescent insomnia is a prevalent issue with significant implications for mental and physical well-being.
Investigating the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Mechanisms of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Patients with Obesity: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Chen et al. · Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025
This study aims to evaluate the short-term efficacy of taVNS in reducing body weight in patients with obesity and to explore its underlying mechanisms by assessing changes in neural activity and gut microbial composition.
Effects of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Individuals with Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Yıldız Kızkın et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2025
The difference between the groups was significant, favoring the taVNS group in the NRS, PPT, MSQ, FEMD, HAM-A, and 6MWT (for all, p < 0.05).
Baseline functional connectivity of the basal forebrain-cortical circuit predict taVNS treatment response in primary insomnia: a randomized controlled trial and fMRI study
Qi et al. · BMC medicine · 2025
Sixty-seven patients completed the study (33 real taVNS, 34 sham taVNS).
Accelerated Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Inpatient Depression and Anxiety: The iWAVE Open Label Pilot Trial
Austelle et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2025
Both taVNS dosing approaches were safe and feasible in this novel setting.
Effect of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled trial
Zhang et al. · Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy · 2025
A total of 63 patients were enrolled in the study, with 32 patients assigned to the tVNS group and 31 patients to the control group.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Managing Pain: A Scoping Review
Chen et al. · Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses · 2025
A total of 26 publications met eligibility for inclusion in this scoping review.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Stimulation Attenuates LPS-Induced Depression-Like Behavior by Regulating Central α7nAChR/JAK2 Signaling
Wang et al. · Molecular neurobiology · 2025
We observed that LPS significantly decreased the sucrose preference, the time of into the open arms in the elevated plus maze, and the number of crossing and reaping in the open field test.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation regulates gut microbiota mediated peripheral inflammation and metabolic disorders to suppress depressive-like behaviors in CUMS rats
Zhang et al. · Frontiers in microbiology · 2025
Behavioral tests showed that taVNS significantly reversed the depressive-like behavior induced by CUMS in rats.
Vagus nerve stimulation and gut microbiota interactions: A novel therapeutic avenue for neuropsychiatric disorders
Faraji et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025
The vagus nerve plays a significant role in the GBA, making it a key area of focus for potential novel therapeutic interventions.
Advances in Therapy for Refractory Epilepsy
Jehi · Annual review of medicine · 2025
DRE affects one-third of patients with epilepsy and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
Can transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation be considered a viable adjuntive therapy in drug-resistant epilepsy? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Moro et al. · Epilepsy & behavior : E&B · 2025
Four RCTs, comprising 368 patients, with 232 patients in the tVNS group, were included.
Long-term outcome of vagus nerve stimulation therapy in drug-resistant epilepsy: a retrospective single-center study
Chen et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2025
A total of 65 patients underwent VNS implantation.
Long-Term Efficacy and Quality-of-Life Changes After Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Adult Patients With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
Zwolińska et al. · Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2025
Improvements in seizure frequency, duration, and strength were observed in 65% of the patients with drug-resistant epilepsy treated using VNS.
Long-term outcomes of vagus nerve stimulation in children with drug resistant epilepsy are driven by early benefit
Mithani et al. · Brain stimulation · 2025
Study examining epilepsy using iVNS.
Long-term outcome and predictors of vagus nerve stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy: Real-world evidence from the Korean national hospital consortium
Lee et al. · Epilepsy research · 2025
The seizure frequency exhibited a decreasing trend in 27.5 % and an increasing trend in 3.8 % during the first year following VNS implantation without a significant change in efficacy over the subsequent three years.
Long-Term Outcome of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
Patil et al. · Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · 2025
Mean age at the time of VNS implantation was 18.7 (6-38) years; nine (37.5%) of the patients were females.
Vagus nerve stimulation in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: Twenty-four-month data and experience from the CORE-VNS study
Lyons et al. · Epilepsia · 2025
Sixty participants in the CORE-VNS study had a diagnosis of LGS and received an initial implant of VNS.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of vagus nerve stimulation in drug-resistant epilepsy
Xiong et al. · Acta epileptologica · 2025
This population faces significantly reduced quality of life, increased mortality risks, and substantial socioeconomic burdens due to frequent hospitalizations and limited employability.For these treatment-resistant cases, neurostimulation therapies have emerged as promising alternatives to conven...
Acute transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation modulates presynaptic SV2A density in healthy rat brain: An in vivo microPET study
Binda et al. · Psychophysiology · 2025
The changes in taVNS compared to baseline were significantly larger than those induced by sham stimulation.
Effectiveness and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for depression in patients with epilepsy
Xu et al. · Epilepsy & behavior : E&B · 2025
Sixty-nine participants were enrolled in this study.
Investigation of the Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) and Vestibular Rehabilitation in Patients with Unilateral Vestibular Hypofunction
Türk Kalkan et al. · Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
Results: At the end of eight weeks, patients in Group 2 showed significantly greater improvement in balance, dizziness, fatigue, kinesiophobia, anxiety, and depression.
Evaluating PEMF vagus nerve stimulation through neck application: A randomized placebo study with volunteers
Jerman et al. · Electromagnetic biology and medicine · 2025
Results demonstrated significant improvements in sleep quality and reduction in anxiety levels, especially notable at 16 hz.
Efficacy and Safety of Electroacupuncture Through Nerve Stimulation in Patients With Anxiety Disorders: Protocol for a Randomized, Assessor-Blind, Three-Arm, Parallel-Group Clinical Trial
Jung et al. · JMIR research protocols · 2025
The first participant was enrolled on December 15, 2022.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for functional dyspepsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Lee et al. · Complementary therapies in medicine · 2025
Six RCTs with 716 participants were included.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation to treat narcolepsy type 1 (TARGET-NT1): A two-arm, randomised, sham-controlled trial
Pan et al. · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025
Significant improvements in NSS-EDS (-2.61 [95%CI, -4.07, -1.15; P = 0.0006]), NSS-SP (-1.11 [95%CI, -1.83, -0.38; P = 0.0030]), NSS-HH (-2.71 [95%CI, -3.36, -2.05; P < 0.0001]), NSS- DNS (-0.52 [95%CI, -0.87, -0.17; P = 0.0036]), ESS (-3.03 [95%CI, -4.30, -1.75; P < 0.0001]) and HAMD-1...
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation alleviates anxiety-like behaviors in mice with post-traumatic stress disorder by regulating glutamatergic neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex
Diao et al. · Translational psychiatry · 2025
Our findings substantiate that taVNS significantly mitigates anxiety-like behaviors in PTSD-like male mice via activating specific glutamatergic neurons in the ACC.
Optimizing transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation parameters for sleep and autonomic function in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder with or without mild traumatic brain injury
Bottari et al. · Sleep · 2025
The parameter combination of 20Hz, 100μs pulse width, and 80% discomfort threshold was associated with the most optimal outcomes across both intent-to-treat and per protocol analyses.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Myoarthropathic Symptoms Associated With Temporomandibular Disorders-A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial
Prott et al. · Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2025
Recruitment and retention rates were high (100% and 90%, respectively), with 83% adherence to the intervention.
Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Cluster Headache and Migraine: A Health Technology Assessment
· Ontario health technology assessment series · 2025
We included 8 randomized trials in the clinical evidence review (3 on cluster headache, 5 on migraine).
Evaluating brain mechanisms of combined vagus nerve stimulation and mindfulness training for migraine: A randomized 2 × 2 factorial clinical trial protocol
Schuman-Olivier et al. · Contemporary clinical trials · 2025
Funded by NIH (P01AT009965), registered (NCT03592329).
Effectiveness of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation vs heart rate variability biofeedback interventions for chronic pain conditions: A systematic review
Pellow et al. · Scandinavian journal of pain · 2025
Ten full-text articles of 1,474 identified were selected for full qualitative synthesis, with a combined population of 813 subjects.
The effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in epilepsy comorbid with migraine on the EEG power spectrum: a randomized controlled trial
Ma et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2025
The frequencies of migraine attacks and seizures significantly decreased in the taVNS group from baseline to 24 weeks (migraine attack frequency, p = 0.002; seizure frequency, p = 0.004), and so did in Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) score (p < 0.001) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) score ...
Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Cluster Headache: A Clinical Practice Guideline
Goadsby et al. · Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2025
Pharmacological therapy for CH includes triptans and high-flow oxygen for acute management, and verapamil, corticosteroids, or galcanezumab for prevention.
Update on Neuromodulation for Migraine and Other Primary Headache Disorders: Recent Advances and New Indications
Cocores et al. · Current pain and headache reports · 2025
Neuromodulation techniques currently available for headache management are reviewed in this article, with a focus on recent advances in non-invasive devices for migraine and trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias.
The clinical effect of an implanted vagus nerve stimulator in a patient with chronic cluster headache and focal epilepsy - A case report
van Tilborg et al. · Headache · 2025
In this case, iVNS was followed by >75% decrease in CH attack frequency.
Optogenetic vagal nerve stimulation attenuates heart failure by limiting the generation of monocyte-derived inflammatory CCRL2
Li et al. · Immunity · 2025
These results suggest that the vagal neuroimmune axis modulates HF and is a promising target for treatment.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation alleviates inflammation-induced depression by modulating peripheral-central inflammatory cytokines and the NF-κB pathway in rats
Song et al. · Frontiers in immunology · 2025
Behavioral tests demonstrated that LPS-induced rats exhibited significant depressive-like behaviors, including reduced sucrose preference, decreased activity levels in the open field, and restricted exploratory behavior in the elevated plus maze.
Neuro-immune interactions: Exploring the anti-inflammatory role of the vagus nerve
Liu et al. · International immunopharmacology · 2025
As a key regulator of the nervous system, exploring the vagus nerve's role in immune regulation and its therapeutic potential offers significant insights for disease prevention and treatment.
Targeting the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: an innovative strategy for treating diseases
Li et al. · Molecular biology reports · 2025
Additionally, we also summarized the CAP's profound implications in the management of inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic syndromes, and oncological malignancies, elucidating its capacity to mitigate disease severity and progression through sophisticated immune modulation.
The efficacy of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in heart failure management - a systematic review and meta-analysis
Sun et al. · BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025
The analysis included ten RCTs involving a collective sample of 374 patients with HF.
Acute right-sided transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation improves cardio-vagal baroreflex gain in patients with chronic heart failure
Gentile et al. · Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2025
Compared with baseline, tVNS did not affect heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate (p > 0.05), and no patients complained of discomfort or any adverse effect.
Remote-controlled vagal nerve stimulation attenuates ventricular arrhythmias and prevents heart failure progression in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction
Hu et al. · Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2025
Remote-controlled VNS significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening compared to the MI + control group (all P < 0.001).
Complications of Implanted Vagus Nerve Stimulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Kalagara et al. · Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
After title-and-abstract screening of 4,933 studies, 21 were selected for final inclusion.
Clinical outcome of electrical transcutaneous auricular vagal stimulation in patients with stable symptomatic chronic heart failure - A pilot study
Schukro et al. · Complementary therapies in medicine · 2025
A total of 12 patients completed the trial.
Efficacy of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation to Suppress Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review
Umaña Mejia et al. · Cureus · 2025
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia marked by episodic, irregular heart rhythms, contributing significantly to both morbidity and mortality.
Preoperative transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation as a novel strategy to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation in calcific aortic valve disease: mechanistic insights and translational perspectives
Bergeon et al. · Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025
Preoperative tVNS thus offers a promising strategy to prevent POAF while addressing valvular inflammation, bridging translational physiology with clinical cardiology and potentially opening new avenues for the management of CAVS.
Low-level auricular vagus nerve stimulation lowers blood pressure and heart rate in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation patients: a self-controlled study
Jiang et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025
SBP, DBP, and HRmin were lower after the treatment than before the treatment (p < 0.05); AFSS symptom subscale scores and MSAS-HF scores after the treatment were lower before the treatment (p < 0.05); itching of the skin was observed in one case during the course of LL-aVNS; and two patients were...
Vagus nerve stimulation for stroke rehabilitation: Neural substrates, neuromodulatory effects and therapeutic implications
Schambra et al. · The Journal of physiology · 2025
Here, we provide a survey on the foundational basis of VNS therapy for stroke and offer insight into the mechanisms that underlie potentiated recovery, focusing on the principles of neuromodulatory reinforcement.
Mechanism and Applications of Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Chen et al. · Current issues in molecular biology · 2025
Additionally, there is a need to explore and identify optimal rehabilitation treatment parameters for different diseases.
Long-Term Outcomes of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Upper Extremity Rehabilitation After Stroke
Kimberley et al. · Stroke · 2025
Seventy-four participants (69%; 51 male; age, mean±SD, 59.6±8.9) completed 1-year follow-up and provided pooled data through 1 year.
Vagus nerve stimulation: innovative applications in the field of hand function rehabilitation
Chen et al. · Cognitive neurodynamics · 2025
Hand function disorders significantly impair patients' quality of life by limiting the ability to perform daily tasks.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Stroke Management: Brief Review of Evolution and Present Applications Paired with Rehabilitation
Vannemreddy et al. · Brain sciences · 2025
Bailey and Bremer demonstrated that VNS has the capabilities to stimulate neuronal pathways that enhance the recovery of damaged cerebral function.
Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits pyroptosis and improves outcome of cerebral ischemic stroke by upregulating osteopontin (SPP1) to disturb ASC oligomerization
Wen et al. · BMC medicine · 2025
In MCAO/R rats and AIS patients, osteopontin levels were elevated.
Closed-loop vagus nerve stimulation aids recovery from spinal cord injury
Kilgard et al. · Nature · 2025
Decades of research have demonstrated that recovery from serious neurological injury will require synergistic therapeutic approaches.
Adjuvant effects of vagus nerve stimulation on post-stroke rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhou et al. · BMJ open · 2025
Overall, 18 RCTs involving 954 participants were included in this study.
Implantable Vagus Nerve Stimulator-Paired Neurorehabilitation for Upper Limb Function After Ischemic Stroke: Evidence From a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis With Best Practice Recommendations
Khan et al. · Neurosurgery · 2025
The final analysis included 8 studies, with a cumulative sample size of n = 498 patients who underwent I-VNS-paired rehabilitation for upper extremity weakness in unilateral supratentorial stroke.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation as a pain modulator in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Elsehrawy et al. · BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025
In the active group, compared to baseline, there was a significant improvement in VAS scores between the first and second follow-up visits (P < 0.001).
Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation, associated with manual vagus nerve therapy, on pain in women with fibromyalgia: study protocol for a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial
Torres et al. · Trials · 2025
This study will examine the immediate and late effects of tDCS associated with MT on the VN pathway in pain in women with FM.
Transcutaneous auricular nerve stimulation modulates the functional connectivity of the descending pain modulation system and reward network in patients with chronic low back pain
Li et al. · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025
Within-group comparisons showed a significant improvement in pain-related outcomes for both groups.
Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagal Nerve Stimulation on Alleviating Postoperative Pain Following Thoracoscopic Lobectomy: A Participant- and Assessor-blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial
Zhang et al. · The Clinical journal of pain · 2025
A total of 67 participants completed the study.
The effects of non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on resting-state delta oscillation: a randomized, double-blinded, sham-control trial
Camargo et al. · Scientific reports · 2025
Our findings demonstrated that active taVNS modulates low-frequency oscillations in the frontal areas of healthy subjects.
Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: study protocol for a single-centre, prospective, randomised, double-blind, controlled study
Zhang et al. · BMJ open · 2025
Recent studies have demonstrated the clinical efficacy of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in both acute and chronic pain treatment.
International Headache society evidence-based guidelines on the use of non-invasive neuromodulation devices for the acute and preventive treatment of migraine
Yuan et al. · Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2025
These guidelines provide a framework for clinical decision-making while highlighting areas requiring further research.
Impact of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on postoperative pain in patients undergoing perianal surgery: a randomized trial
Yin et al. · Annals of medicine · 2025
The VAS scores of patients in the taVNS group were significantly lower than those in the sham stimulation group at 2, 6, 24, 48, and 72 h postoperatively, at the time of the first dressing change, and at the time of the first defecation (p < 0.05).
Inflammatory bowel disease and neuropsychiatric disorders: Mechanisms and emerging therapeutics targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis
Petracco et al. · Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2025
Accumulating evidence suggests that IBD is not only restricted to the gastrointestinal tract and that disease processes are able to reach distant organs including the brain.
Role of physical exercise, vagal nerve stimulation, and vagotomy in inflammatory bowel disease
da Silva et al. · World journal of gastroenterology · 2025
Although the precise mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated, accumulating evidence suggests that skeletal muscle contractions promote the secretion of myokines, with recognized anti-inflammatory properties.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation: Efficacy, Applications, and Challenges in Mood Disorders and Autonomic Regulation-A Narrative Review
Croft et al. · Military medicine · 2025
taVNS, a new noninvasive neuromodulation method, stimulates the auricular branch of the vagus nerve and regulates the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the ANS, increasing norepinephrine secretion, vagus nerve stimulation adaptability, and heart rate variability.
Assessing the therapeutic potential of vagus nerve stimulation in autoimmune diseases: A systematic review
Chan et al. · Physiological reports · 2025
Emerging evidence suggests that the vagus nerve can modulate the immune system in experimental settings.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Autoimmune Conditions: A Systematic Review
Lombo et al. · ACR open rheumatology · 2025
Twelve clinical trials studying the effect of VNS on rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn disease, polymyalgia rheumatica, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematous, and systemic sclerosis were reviewed.
Clinical applications and mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of immune diseases: a review
Liu et al. · International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025
This review highlights the therapeutic effects of VNS in improving the clinical symptoms of patients with immune diseases through neuroimmune interactions and underscores the need for further large-scale, randomized controlled clinical trials to validate its long-term efficacy and safety.
Transauricular vagal nerve stimulation suppresses inflammatory responses in the gut and brain in an inflammatory bowel disease model
Atalar et al. · Journal of anatomy · 2025
Administration of tVNS significantly ameliorated the severity of TNBS-induced tissue damage and inflammatory response.
Efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation in gastrointestinal disorders: a systematic review
Veldman et al. · Gastroenterology report · 2025
Dysfunction of the vagus nerve has been suggested as a contributing factor in various gastrointestinal disorders, prompting interest in vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) as a non-pharmacological therapy.
Enteric nervous system dysfunction as a driver of central nervous system disorders: The Forgotten brain in neurological disease
Hajjeh et al. · Neuroscience · 2025
This perspective paves the way for innovative diagnostics, personalized gut-targeted therapies, and a deeper understanding of the ENS's role in brain health and disease.
Transcutaneous Vagal Nerve Stimulation for Gastrointestinal Disorders
Yin · Journal of translational gastroenterology · 2025
Transcutaneous VNS is an innovative, effective, and safe therapy for patients with GI disorders; however, large-scale clinical trials are necessary to establish optimal treatment modalities and efficacy.
Role of brain-gut axis in mechanism of gastrointestinal defense
Kwiecien et al. · Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society · 2025
We conclude that brain-gut axis plays a particularly important role in maintaining of mucosal barrier in GI-tract and alteration in its functions is implicated in pathogenesis of various diseases of the gut.
Vagus Nerve and Gut-Brain Communication
Wang et al. · The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2025
In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the vagus-mediated regulatory pathway, highlighting its profound implications in the development of many diseases.
The vagus nerve: An old but new player in brain-body communication
Ma et al. · Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025
Increasing evidence suggests that the gut-brain axis, via the vagus nerve, may play a role in the development and progression of psychiatric, neurologic, and inflammation-related disorders.
Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Gastrointestinal Disorders: Hope or Hype?
Keszthelyi · United European gastroenterology journal · 2025
Study examining gut health using taVNS.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation as an innovative approach for managing perioperative gastrointestinal dysfunction: a narrative review
Zhang et al. · Frontiers in medicine · 2025
Postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction (POGD) is a prevalent and clinically significant complication following surgical procedures.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation does not affect gastrointestinal function in subjects with diabetic autonomic neuropathy
Kahlke et al. · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology · 2025
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation did not affect MRI-assessed gastrointestinal function in subjects with diabetic autonomic neuropathy.
Transauricular vagus nerve stimulation in preventing post-traumatic stress disorder in emergency trauma surgery patients in China: a study protocol for a multicenter, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial
Zhang et al. · BMJ open · 2025
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ta-VNS in preventing PTSD in emergency trauma surgery patients.
Demyelination in psychiatric and neurological disorders: Mechanisms, clinical impact, and novel therapeutic strategies
Murayama et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025
Disruption of myelin impairs crucial neural communication pathways, resulting in cognitive, motor, and behavioral deficits that substantially reduce quality of life and create significant economic and social challenges.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Treating Emotional Dysregulation and Inflammation in Common Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Tyler · Brain sciences · 2025
Development of new therapeutic approaches and strategies for common neuropsychiatric disorders, including Major Depressive Disorder, anxiety disorders, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, represent a significant global health challenge.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) improves sleep quality in chronic insomnia disorder: A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial
Yeom et al. · Sleep medicine · 2025
In the modified intention-to-treat analysis at 6 weeks, the taVNS group exhibited significantly greater reductions in PSQI scores compared to the sham group (mean change: 4.5 ± 3.55 vs.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) for Insomnia Disorder: A Narrative Review of Effectiveness, Mechanisms and Recommendations for Clinical Practice
Liu et al. · Nature and science of sleep · 2025
Although existing findings support taVNS as a promising strategy for treating insomnia, more high-quality trials are needed to verify its benefits and elucidate its mechanisms of action.
Neuroregulatory and clinical efficacy of auricular vagus nerve stimulation in elderly patients with chronic insomnia comorbid with functional dyspepsia: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Zhou et al. · Frontiers in medicine · 2025
Through systematic investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying vagus nerve pathway regulation in ameliorating intestinal inflammatory microenvironment and modulating central neurotransmitter homeostasis, this research aims to provide a novel, neuromodulation-based precision therapeutic a...
Bilateral transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of insomnia in breast cancer
Do et al. · Scientific reports · 2025
Our results demonstrate that noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation can significantly reduce insomnia severity, improve sleep quality, decrease sleep onset latency, and enhance sleep efficiency.
The Latest Advances in Non-Invasive Neurostimulation for Insomnia: A Review
Liu et al. · Nature and science of sleep · 2025
Therefore, we reviewed the latest research on non-invasive neurostimulation techniques for insomnia in recent years, mainly focusing on virtual reality, biofeedback, transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation and other ...
Synergistic acupuncture and neuromodulation for chronic insomnia: a structured narrative review with systematic search and future directions
Meng et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2025
Insomnia represents a significant global public health issue, affecting approximately 10% of adults with chronic symptoms and up to 20% with intermittent episodes.
Role of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in alleviation of tinnitus in normal hearing subjects
Aly et al. · European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025
There is a statistically significant difference in tinnitus loudness before and after TEN stimulation as assessed by VAS.
Feasibility and acceptance of transdermal auricular vagus nerve stimulation using a TENS device in females suffering from long COVID fatigue
Pfoser-Poschacher et al. · Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2025
The study revealed that all VNS treatment groups experienced reduction in symptoms associated with long COVID, particularly in fatigue and dyspnea, after 12 weeks.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation inhibits food intake and body weight gain through the orexin dependent pathway in high fat diet mice
Zhang et al. · Scientific reports · 2025
Obesity represents a significant global health challenge, adversely affecting both physical and mental well-being.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation promotes adipose tissue browning and mitochondrial integrity by regulating BCAA metabolism in obese rats: an experimental study
Xin et al. · International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025
In this study, 6 weeks of taVNS significantly reduced body weight gain, body mass index, and the accumulation of inguinal and epididymal white adipose tissue in high-fat diet-induced obese rats, with effects comparable to those of orlistat.
Non-invasive Regulation of Body Weight and Metabolism by Chronic Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Stimulation of Vagus Nerve
Ji et al. · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2025
The results showed that the FUS-group rats had significantly lower body weight gain and fat mass during their growth stage in comparison to the Sham and Control groups.
Effect of vagus nerve stimulation on metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Shen et al. · International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025
Of the 529 papers identified, 15 studies were eligible for this meta-analysis, including 12 animal trials and 4 human randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Recent advances in targeting obesity, with a focus on TGF-β signaling and vagus nerve innervation
John et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2025
This review explores clinical trials in obesity, novel therapeutic targets, and the role of TGF-β signaling and vagus nerve modulation in obesity-related liver diseases and HCC.
Possible Glycemic Effects of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Evaluated by Continuous Glucose Monitoring in People with Diabetes and Autonomic Neuropathy: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial
Kufaishi et al. · Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025
For the 8-week treatment period, changes in CV and TIR between groups were also nonsignificant.
Vagal sensory neuron-derived FGF3 controls insulin secretion
Tahiri et al. · Developmental cell · 2025
Systemic and vagal sensory overexpression of Fgf3 enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), improved glucose excursion, and increased energy expenditure and physical activity.
Future horizons in diabetes: integrating AI and personalized care
Zhang et al. · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025
Future horizons in diabetes care must focus on overcoming challenges in data privacy, algorithmic bias, device interoperability, and equity in AI-driven care while integrating these innovations into healthcare systems to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
Intraneural Device for Electrostimulation of Vagus Nerve in Rats: A Feasibility Study for Modulating Glucose Tolerance
Fratini et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2025
EMPATIC treatment in the VNS group significantly affected glucose tolerance tests compared with control and sham groups.
Dopaminergic Pathways in Neuroplasticity After Stroke and Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Song et al. · Stroke · 2025
Stroke remains a significant cause of disability worldwide.
Enhancing Neuroplasticity via vagus nerve stimulation to improve urinary dysfunction after spinal cord injury: a perspective
Sargusingh et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2025
Our perspective is that a congruent strategy of pairing VNS with bladder function after incomplete SCI can promote neuroplastic changes in spared neural pathways to strengthen neural control of bladder function.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation enhanced working memory in older adults with age-related hearing loss
Shin et al. · Scientific reports · 2025
The HI group performed significantly worse than the TH group on the 2-back tasks.
Intermittent transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation reverses acute stress-induced memory deficits via O-GlcNAc modulation
Wang et al. · Experimental neurology · 2025
The results indicate that intermittent taVNS, compared to continuous taVNS, significantly improved memory function in acutely stressed mice, with the 5 Hz stimulation showing the most significant effect and effectively reducing O-GlcNAc levels in the hippocampus.
Effects of off-line auricular transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on a short-term memory task: a pilot study
Fisicaro et al. · Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025
Subjects were randomized to receive either real or sham taVNS during a digit span task while recording the pupil size, and then switched over to the other treatment group.
Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review
Eissazade et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2025
A total of 12 journal articles with data from 287 participants were included.
The role of vagus nerve stimulation in modulating Parkinson's disease via the microbiota-gut-brain axis: a comprehensive review
Yang et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2025
This study is the first to integrate the MGBA theory with VNS technology, revealing its cross-system regulatory network in intervening PD and providing new ideas for breaking through the limitations of traditional treatments.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in healthy individuals, stroke, and Parkinson's disease: a narrative review of safety, parameters, and efficacy
Matsuoka et al. · Frontiers in physiology · 2025
Although systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been conducted on safety and efficacy, the variability of stimulation parameters and the lack of consistency in their effects remain significant issues.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Movement Disorders, from Principles to a Systematic Review of Evidence
Proietti et al. · Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025
Thirty-two studies met the inclusion criteria: 22 on PD or parkinsonism (14 clinical and 8 preclinical on PD, 1 clinical on multisystem atrophy), 6 on tremor and ET (4 clinical, 2 preclinical), 2 clinical studies on CD, and 1 clinical study on TS.
Locus coeruleus fMRI response to transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation is coupled to changes in salivary alpha amylase
Schneider et al. · Brain stimulation · 2025
Study examining alzheimer's disease using taVNS.
Assessing a Stimulator Modification for Simultaneous Noninvasive Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and MRI
Teckentrup et al. · Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging · 2025
The modified compared to the unmodified cable considerably reduced RF heating as the relative temperature increase stayed well below the 2 K threshold specified by the ASTM F2182 standard.
A vagal route to memory: evidence from invasive and non-invasive electrical vagus nerve stimulation studies and areas for future clinical application
Szeska et al. · Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025
The ability to remember emotionally significant stimuli and stimulus associations is critical to survival, as it ensures that rewarding and threatening events can be recalled to guide future behavior.
A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, clinical trial of auricular vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis: comment on the article by Baker et al
Aranow et al. · Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025
Study examining rheumatoid arthritis using iVNS.
Optimizing vagus nerve stimulation for Super Refractory Status Epilepticus: A case series and systematic review
Pichardo-Rojas et al. · Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape · 2025
Further studies are needed to define the role of VNS in SRSE.
Efficacy of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (t-VNS) in treating drug-resistant epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Makkawi et al. · Epilepsy research · 2025
Out of 2782 studies identified, four RCTs involving 417 subjects were included.
Non-invasive neurostimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy: systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness, safety, and optimal stimulation parameters
Premaratne et al. · Journal of neurology · 2025
These findings, while encouraging, should be interpreted in the context of methodological heterogeneity between studies and overall low certainty of evidence.
Evaluating the efficacy and safety of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for systemic lupus erythematosus: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Sun et al. · BMJ open · 2025
Consequently, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis protocol is to synthesise the available evidence to elucidate the efficacy and safety of tVNS for the treatment of SLE.
Systematic review for VNS vs. pharmaceutical modulations for multifaceted neurological disorder management through cross-case, network meta-analysis
Han et al. · Brain stimulation · 2025
We included 56 VNS-related studies (n = 5773 participants) and 29 pharmacological drug-based studies (n = 14827 participants) from spanning epilepsy, depression, migraine/headache, Alzheimer's disease, inflammatory disorders, and heart failure.
The impact of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on anterior cingulate cortex activity in a cognitive control task
Sönmez et al. · Psychophysiology · 2025
tVNS significantly changed performance in the simple control task reflected in a greater propensity to respond.
'Transauricular vagus nerve stimulation' for prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing major surgery: a study protocol for a multicentre, participant-blinded and assessor-blinded, randomised, controlled trial
Zhang et al. · BMJ open · 2025
Research has shown that neuroinflammation, postoperative pain and autonomic nervous system dysfunction play significant roles in its onset.
Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Postoperative Analgesia following Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Xia et al. · Pain and therapy · 2025
Postoperative sufentanil consumption at 24 and 48 h, resting Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) scores at 4, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h, and the requirement for rescue analgesia were all significantly lower in the taVNS group compared with the sham stimulation group (all P < 0.05).
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation accelerates postoperative ileus recovery by enhancing gastric motility complexity: A clinical study
Huang et al. · Brain stimulation · 2025
Study examining postoperative recovery using taVNS.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Prevention of Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol
Liao et al. · Clinical interventions in aging · 2025
If effective, taVNS could provide a practical, non-invasive method to reduce delirium incidence in elderly patients undergoing knee replacement, potentially improving postoperative outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.
Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on postoperative delirium in older patients with hip fracture: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Zhou et al. · BMJ open · 2025
This clinical study will evaluate the effectiveness of TAVNS in reducing the incidence of POD in older patients and further elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation prevents postoperative delirium in elderly patients (VNSTAR): protocol for a multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Wu et al. · BMJ open · 2025
Vagus nerve stimulation, a novel technique in the field of neuroscience, has demonstrated remarkable therapeutic potential in improving neurocognitive disorders.
Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on postoperative liver function in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy: a study protocol for a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial
Wang et al. · Frontiers in medicine · 2025
However, several intraoperative factors, including surgical manipulation, substantial blood loss, the need for blood transfusions, and hypoxic stress, can significantly impair liver function.
Effect of perioperative autonomic nervous system imbalance on surgical outcomes: a systematic review
Pan et al. · British journal of anaesthesia · 2025
Maintaining balance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems is an important prospect in perioperative medicine that could benefit surgical patients' short- or long-term recovery.
New intervention strategy for postoperative fatigue syndrome in elderly patients with colorectal cancer: a clinical hypothesis study based on vagus nerve stimulation
Yin et al. · Frontiers in medicine · 2025
While the etiology of POFS remains complex, recent evidence suggests that external stimuli may induce pro-inflammatory cytokine release, leading to fatigue.
Clinical efficacy and mechanisms of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation targeting the gut-brain axis for postoperative complications of aortic dissection: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Ning et al. · Frontiers in medicine · 2025
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of taVNS in regulating the GBA among postoperative AD patients through a randomized controlled trial.
Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on perioperative psychological symptoms in patients undergoing elective thoracoscopic pneumonectomy under general anaesthesia: study protocol for a single-centre, prospective, randomised, double-blind, controlled study
Sun et al. · BMJ open · 2025
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of taVNS in managing perioperative psychological symptoms in patients undergoing elective thoracoscopic pneumonectomy under general anaesthesia.
Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on perioperative anxiety in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Tang et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2025
Breast cancer patients often experience significant concerns regarding surgery, which predisposes them to negative emotions such as anxiety, adversely affecting both surgical outcomes and postoperative recovery.
The landscape of epilepsy surgery in older adults: Challenges and opportunities
Punia · Epilepsia open · 2025
Each case deserves careful, personalized evaluation.
Potential of Vagus Nerve Stimulation to Modulate Fibromyalgia's Network Physiology: A Systematic Review
Perin et al. · Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025
Conclusions: By reframing FMS from a symptom-centric pharmacologic model to a network-centric neuromodulation approach, taVNS is a promising tool for mechanism-based therapeutics in central sensitization syndromes and chronic pain.
Vagal nerve stimulation and fibromyalgia: an additional therapeutic option
Dolcini et al. · Clinical and experimental rheumatology · 2025
After two weeks of treatment, an early reduction in the WPI score (p=0.03) was detected, then confirmed at week 4 (p=0.004).
Effects of left and bilateral transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on pain, mood, and autonomic nervous system in female patients with fibromyalgia: a randomized controlled trial
Akkurt et al. · Physiotherapy theory and practice · 2025
No significant differences were observed between groups except for FIQ and BAI on day 28 (p = .002-0.008).
Noise as Medicine: The Role of Microbial and Electrical Noise in Restoring Neuroimmune Tolerance Through Stochastic Resonance
Piña Mojica et al. · NeuroSci · 2025
The rising prevalence of neuroimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis and fibromyalgia has renewed interest in the hygiene hypothesis, which posits that reduced early-life microbial exposure deprives the immune system of formative "noise" that calibrates thresholds of tolerance.
Effect of non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on non-motor symptoms in multiple sclerosis: study protocol for a randomised, controlled trial
Herr et al. · BMJ open · 2025
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has been found to be a cognitive enhancer in preclinical research and was successfully used for the treatment of psychiatric and neurological disorders to combat dysfunctional cognitive and affective processes.
Artificial Intelligence-Driven Neuromodulation in Neurodegenerative Disease: Precision in Chaos, Learning in Loss
Calderone et al. · Biomedicines · 2025
Advancing this paradigm will require rigorous external validation, standardized reporting of control policies and artifacts, clinician-in-the-loop governance, and privacy-preserving analytics.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation attenuates neuroinflammation in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury
El Baassiri et al. · The journal of trauma and acute care surgery · 2025
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) activated the solitary tract nucleus and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve as evidenced by a significant upregulation of the neuronal activation marker c-Fos, indicating vagus nerve activation.
Vagus nerve stimulation: a promising strategy to combat pyroptosis and inflammation in traumatic brain injury through the OX-A/NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway
Kang et al. · European journal of medical research · 2025
The findings revealed that VNS significantly enhanced neurological function, as indicated by lower mNSS scores and improved performance in the MWM test, suggesting a marked recovery in TBI-affected rats.
Vagus nerve stimulation rescues impaired fear extinction and social interaction in a rat model of autism spectrum disorder
Alvarez-Dieppa et al. · Journal of affective disorders · 2025
Time spent freezing was not significantly reduced during retention testing 24 h after extinction training in VPA-exposed rats given sham stimulation (p = .26), but freezing levels were significantly lower during the retention test in saline control and in VPA-VNS rats (p < .05), indicating that V...
Speech paired vagus nerve stimulation restores neural sound processing in a rat model of autism
Williams et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025
We found that VPA-exposed rats had degraded spectral, temporal, and speech sound processing compared to saline-exposed control rats.
Efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia with predominantly negative symptoms: a randomized clinical trial and efficacy sensitivity biomarkers
Cui et al. · Molecular psychiatry · 2025
In the intention-to-treat analysis, patients receiving active taVNS showed a significantly greater improvement in negative symptoms compared with those receiving the sham procedure (PANSS-FSNS difference, -1.36; effect size, -0.62; 95% CI, -1.20 to -0.04; p = 0.033), with effects sustained at fol...
Prenatal electroacupuncture modulates maternal-fetal immune activation via a brain-to-splenic signal
Zhang et al. · Cell reports · 2025
These findings position the brain-spleen axis as a promising therapeutic target and support prenatal ES as a viable non-pharmacological strategy for preventing MIA-related complications.
Treatment trials for negative symptoms in schizophrenia
Glenthøj et al. · Current opinion in psychiatry · 2025
Recent guidelines and meta-analyses suggest that some pharmacological and psychosocial interventions show modest efficacy.
Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Electroencephalographic Assessment in Disorders of Consciousness
López-Rodríguez et al. · Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2025
In terms of clinical outcomes, the current study protocol demonstrated promising results with taVNS in patients with Disorders of Consciousness, showing significant improvement in alertness recovery and response to stimuli.
Electroencephalographic characteristics of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for prolonged disorders of consciousness: a study protocol
Jiao et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025
Therefore, screening out the indications for patients with pDOC who are suitable for taVNS treatment is a key scientific issue that requires urgent resolution at present.
Non-pharmacologic interventions in disorders of consciousness
Vitello et al. · Handbook of clinical neurology · 2025
Severely brain-injured patients with disorders of consciousness pose significant challenges in terms of management, particularly due to the limited therapeutic options available.
Noninvasive neuromodulation for disorders of consciousness: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Gao et al. · Critical care (London, England) · 2025
We included 24 studies and six studies (147 participants) provided data for meta-analysis.
Medical and surgical treatments in disorders of consciousness
Othman et al. · Handbook of clinical neurology · 2025
Ever since a 2012 landmark study showed positive effects of amantadine in people with disorders of consciousness (DOC), there has been a shift in research efforts from merely improving diagnostics and prognostication of DOC to also include therapeutic trials, in the quest to improve consciousness...
Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Electrical Stimulation for Immune Modulation in Sepsis Therapy
Mac et al. · Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025
Sepsis presents a significant medical challenge due to its intense inflammatory response to infection, often resulting in high mortality rates.
Inhibition of acute lung inflammation by a neuroimmune circuit induced by vagal nerve stimulation
Murray et al. · Science advances · 2025
These findings demonstrate a previously unidentified neuroimmune circuit elicited by VNS that can control acute lung inflammation.
Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on sepsis-induced coagulopathy: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Yang et al. · BMJ open · 2025
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of taVNS in improving coagulation dysfunction in patients with SIC, with the primary outcome being the proportion of patients achieving a ≥2-point improvement in SIC score by day 7.
Inhibition of acute lung inflammation by a neuroimmune circuit induced by vagal nerve stimulation
Murray et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
While stimulation of vagal efferent neurons has been previously demonstrated to reduce maladaptive host responses during endotoxemia, only selective stimulation of vagal afferent neurons was able to inhibit TLR7-induced macrophage activation and neutrophil recruitment in the lung.
Dysregulated neural coding in the vagus nerve during long sepsis
Strohl et al. · Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025
We found that LS mice exhibited significantly higher baseline vagal activity compared to controls, with elevated firing rates during both respiratory bursts and inter-burst intervals.
Neuroimmune Control of Inflammation in Acute Kidney Injury and Multiorgan Dysfunction
Goggins et al. · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025
Understanding and targeting these neural circuits may offer novel therapeutic strategies for AKI and related conditions.
The role of neuromodulation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Algheffari et al. · Current problems in cardiology · 2025
Neuromodulation therapies show potential in improving symptoms and QoL for HFpEF patients.
The autonomic nervous system and inflammation in chronic kidney disease
Zoccali et al. · Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025
Dysregulation of the autonomic system, characterized by increased sympathetic activity and reduced parasympathetic tone, is a common feature in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease.
Reduced vagal tone in women with adenomyosis
Zeng et al. · Reproduction & fertility · 2025
This study was undertaken to investigate whether vagal tone is reduced in patients with adenomyosis compared with healthy women.
Investigation on Inhibiting SPHK - S1P Pathway to Improve ADHD Model Rats Behavior via Lipidomics
Chai et al. · Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025
The ADHD model group exhibited significantly elevated ganglioside and lysophospholipid levels.
Towards optimizing target engagement in non-invasive trigeminal nerve stimulation: anatomical characterization of the human trigeminal nerve
Perrault et al. · Journal of neural engineering · 2025
The SON was found to be significantly more superficial than the ION and MN with a higher nerve-to-connective tissue ratio compared to the MN.
A Clinical and Genetic Evaluation of Cases with Folate Receptor α Gene Mutation: A Case Series from Türkiye
Akgun et al. · Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
Our study suggests that FOLR1-related CFD should be considered in cases with febrile convulsions, developmental delay, ataxia, autism spectrum disorder, acquired microcephaly, and MRI findings of white matter involvement and cerebellar atrophy.
Retracted: Chronic Epipharyngitis Treated with Epipharyngeal Abrasion Therapy: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Outcomes
Harabuchi et al. · JMA journal · 2025
In this article, the EAT Review Committee outlines its symptoms, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of chronic epipharyngitis, technique of E-EAT, mechanisms of EAT effects, past reports for the efficacy of EAT, and a multicenter prospective study.
Chronic inflammation in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 modulates gut microbiome: a review of literature on COVID-19 sequelae and gut dysbiosis
Iqbal et al. · Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025
Further studies are required to understand the geographic variation, racial and ethnic differences in phenotypes of Long COVID, the influence of viral strains on existing and emerging phenotypes, to explore long-term effects of gut dysbiosis, and gut-brain axis dysregulation, as well as the poten...
Epipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy (EAT) Field Theory: A Clinical Framework for EAT in Modulating Psycho-Neuro-Endocrino-Immune (PNEI) Dynamics
Hirobumi · Cureus · 2025
This article is presented as a narrative and conceptual review rather than a systematic review, aiming to synthesize the clinical findings and theoretical perspectives into the proposed EAT field theory.
Efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation plus pregabalin for radiotherapy-related neuropathic pain in patients with head and neck cancer (RELAX): a phase 2 randomised trial
Zuo et al. · EClinicalMedicine · 2025
Between September 16, 2022, and December 1, 2023, 116 eligible patients (mean age, 50.8 [standard deviation (SD), 8.8] years; 40 [34.5%] were women) were randomly assigned into groups.
The vagus nerve: a cornerstone for mental health and performance optimization in recreation and elite sports
Lopez Blanco et al. · Frontiers in psychology · 2025
These perspectives suppor recent shifts in sports science toward integrating vagal-centered approaches as scalable, evidence-based strategies that can enhance human performance and wellness.
The Power of Belief: Investigating the Placebo Effect in Post-Exercise Recovery Strategies for Football Players
Pernigoni et al. · Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
Results: Our findings indicate that match play induced substantial fatigue, with significant deteriorations [p ≤ 0.002, small-to-large effect sizes (ES)] in CMJ, 10 and 20 m sprint performance, Ln-rMSSD, muscle soreness, and perceived fatigue at post-match and post-recovery compared to pre-match ...
Vagus nerve stimulation as a potential treatment for acute asthmatic bronchoconstriction: a systematic review
Di Flumeri et al. · Frontiers in physiology · 2025
A total of 2072 articles were identified, of which 1,528 unique articles were screened for inclusion.
Neuromodulation of dyspnea - A literature review
Massé et al. · Respiratory medicine · 2025
The discovery of useful dyspnea-reducing neuromodulation techniques could replace or be added to actual treatments like pulmonary rehabilitation, facial ventilators, oxygen, and opioids could be replaced, consequently enhancing the quality of life of dyspneic individuals.
Non-invasive neuromodulation for alleviating dyspnoea: protocol for a feasibility sham-controlled randomised trial
St-Pierre et al. · BMJ open · 2025
We speculate that non-invasive transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) and trigeminal transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) could improve dyspnoea management by targeting relevant neural circuits.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation inhibits mental stress-induced cortisol release-Potential implications for inflammatory conditions
Cuberos Paredes et al. · Physiological reports · 2025
Elevated glucocorticoid levels with reduced glucocorticoid responsiveness have been reported in chronic inflammatory conditions.
The heart knows best: baseline heart rate variability as guide to transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in depression
Schiweck et al. · Translational psychiatry · 2025
Analyses split by RMSSD group, however, showed that for those with low RMSSD, taVNS restored the blunted cardiac stress response and numerically decreased TNF-α levels.
The Effect of Transcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation and Transcutaneous Auricular Vagal Nerve Stimulation on the Biomarker Response to Stress
Roberts et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2025
The TSST induced a stress response by increasing levels of cortisol, DHEA-s, prolactin, IGF-I, and NE relative to baseline.
Effects of Auricular Stimulation on Inflammatory Parameters: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Hua et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2025
A total of 1122 patients and healthy volunteers from 27 RCTs were included in this systematic review; 81% of the participants were female, with a median age of 51 years.
Effect of adding noninvasive auricular Vagal nerve stimulation to exercise program on emotional eating and stress responsiveness in patient with metabolic syndrome
Elbanna et al. · Disability and rehabilitation · 2025
There was a significant change in EES and SAPS scale scores in both groups post-intervention; however, the study group showed higher scores than the control group.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for post-stroke depression: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Liu et al. · Journal of Affective Disorders · 2024
taVNS combined with conventional treatment significantly improved depression scores in post-stroke depression patients compared to sham, expanding potential applications beyond primary MDD.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation modulating the brain topological architecture of functional network in major depressive disorder: an fMRI study
Guo et al. · Brain Sciences · 2024
Four weeks of taVNS increased global efficiency and decreased characteristic path length in functional brain networks of MDD patients, with changes in network topology correlating with depression score improvements.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for chronic insomnia disorder: a randomized clinical trial
Zhang et al. · JAMA Network Open · 2024
Active taVNS achieved a mean PSQI reduction of 8.2 points versus 3.9 for sham (Cohen's d = 1.2) in chronic insomnia, with benefits sustained over 20 weeks and no serious adverse effects.
No consistent evidence for the anti-inflammatory effect of vagus nerve stimulation in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Schiweck et al. · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · 2024
Meta-analysis of 26 studies found no consistent evidence for anti-inflammatory effects of VNS in humans, highlighting the gap between compelling preclinical data and more equivocal clinical results.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation has no anti-inflammatory effect in diabetes
Okdahl et al. · Scientific Reports · 2024
Transcutaneous cervical VNS did not reduce plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma) in patients with diabetes over 56 days of treatment.
Preliminary evidence of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation effects on sleep in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder
Bottari et al. · Journal of Sleep Research · 2024
One hour of active taVNS at lights-out produced a moderate reduction in cyclic alternating pattern rate and increased parasympathetic activity during non-REM sleep in veterans with PTSD.
Efficacy and Safety of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Patients With Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Single-Center, Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Liu et al. · The American journal of gastroenterology · 2024
Between September 2023 and May 2024, 40 patients (n = 20 in both taVNS and sham-taVNS groups) completed the 4-week study by performing an intention-to-treat analysis.
Extended-release ketamine tablets for treatment-resistant depression: a randomized placebo-controlled phase 2 trial
Glue et al. · Nature medicine · 2024
The safety and tolerability of racemic ketamine may be improved if given orally, as an extended-release tablet (R-107), compared with other routes of administration.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation to acutely reduce emotional vulnerability and improve emotional regulation in borderline personality disorder (tVNS-BPD): study protocol for a randomized, single-blind, sham-controlled trial
Guerriero et al. · Trials · 2024
Our aims are to determine if taVNS is effective in acutely reducing emotional vulnerability and improve emotional regulation in BPD patients.
Deep brain stimulation versus vagus nerve stimulation for the motor function of poststroke hemiplegia: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Xu et al. · BMJ open · 2024
No comparison study exists.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation conditions increased invigoration and wanting in depression
Ferstl et al. · Comprehensive psychiatry · 2024
Consistent with prior findings, taVNS increased effort invigoration for rewards in both groups during Session 1 (p = .040), particularly for less wanted rewards in HCP (pboot < 0.001).
Clinical application of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation: a scoping review
Gerges et al. · Disability and rehabilitation · 2024
109 studies were included.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates adolescent depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors via hippocampus glycolysis and inflammation response
Sun et al. · CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024
The depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in CUMS-exposed rats were manifested by decreased spontaneous locomotor activity of OFT, increased immobility time of FST, increased entries and time in the closed arms of EPM, and decreased new object index of NOR.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation modulates depression-like phenotype induced by high-fat diet via P2X7R/NLRP3/IL-1β in the prefrontal cortex
Li et al. · CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024
Purina#5008 diet induced significant depression-like behaviors in ZDF rats and was closely related to purine and inflammatory metabolites.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation to Improve Emotional State
Aranberri Ruiz · Biomedicines · 2024
In this paper, we summarise three neuroscientific theories of emotion, explain what transcutaneous auricular nerve stimulation is, and present arguments for its use and continued research.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in anesthetized mice induces antidepressant effects by activating dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area
Choi et al. · Molecular brain · 2024
To investigate this, we conducted experiments demonstrating that taVNS in anesthetized mice reduced depressive-like behaviors.
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS): recent advances and future directions
Austelle et al. · Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2024
The field continues to gain appreciation for the clinical potential of this modality.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Modulates Inflammation in Treatment-Resistant Depression Patients: A Pilot Study
Lespérance et al. · International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
Anxiety levels were also greatly reduced.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation improves working memory in temporal lobe epilepsy: A randomized double-blind study
Pan et al. · CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024
Compared with the baseline state, reaction time was significantly shorter after 20 weeks of taVNS in the a-taVNS group (p = 0.010), whereas no difference was observed in the s-taVNS group (p > 0.05).
Add-On Deep Brain Stimulation versus Continued Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Childhood Epilepsy (ADVANCE): A Partially Randomized Patient Preference Trial
Suresh et al. · Annals of neurology · 2024
ANN NEUROL 2024;96:405-411.
The effect of Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on seizure control, cognitive function, and quality of life in individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy: A systematic review article
Melese et al. · Epilepsia open · 2024
The search strategy yielded a total of 392 relevant studies.
Effects of vagus nerve stimulation on cognitive function in patients with epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Kong et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2024
Twenty clinical trials were included.
Long-term effects of vagus nerve stimulation on EEG aperiodic components in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy
Yang et al. · Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2024
In all, 18 patients with DRE participated in this study.
Long-Term Outcome in Adult Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy Submitted to Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Santi et al. · Brain sciences · 2024
Among the 73 patients with follow-up data, 80.8% were responders, experiencing significant reductions in seizure frequency over an average follow-up period of 9.4 years.
Long-term effects of vagus nerve stimulation therapy on cognitive functioning in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy
Puteikis et al. · Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024
The study included 28 PWE (16, 57.1% female, average age 33.7 ± 10.0 years).
Treatment of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy With Right-Sided Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Ma et al. · Cureus · 2024
The other two patients demonstrated a less favorable response to R-VNS compared to their previous left VNS therapy.
Complications and Mortality Rate of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
Ma et al. · Cureus · 2024
In total, 55 adult and pediatric patients received VNS therapy with 117 procedures performed over 23 years.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy
Zhang et al. · Seizure · 2024
taVNS had a higher response rate in PWE than the control treatment (OR = 2.94, 95 % CI = 1.94 - 4.46, P < 0.05).
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation improves anxiety symptoms and cortical activity during verbal fluency task in Parkinson's disease with anxiety
Zhang et al. · Journal of affective disorders · 2024
PD-A patients showed significantly decreased oxyhemoglobin in the left triangle part of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) during VFT, which was negatively related to the severity of anxiety symptoms.
Self-administered non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation therapy for severe pharmacoresistant restless legs syndrome: outcomes at 6 months
Hartley et al. · Journal of sleep research · 2024
Quality of life significantly improved compared to baseline (mean [SD] score at baseline 49.3 [18.1] versus 65.66 [22.58] at 6 months, p = 0.0005) as did anxiety and depression symptoms (mean [SD] HADA score at baseline 8.9 [5.4] versus 7.53 [4.42] at 6 months, p = 0.029; and HADD score at baseli...
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation modulates masseter muscle activity, pain perception, and anxiety levels in university students: a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial
Ferreira et al. · Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2024
Active TAVNS significantly reduced both left and right masseter activation during resting mandibular position, persisting for 2 weeks post-intervention.
Efficacy of Vagal nerve stimulation on anxiety among elderly retired teachers during COVID-19 pandemic
Srinivasan et al. · Work (Reading, Mass.) · 2024
Following the 4-week intervention, both groups exhibited a significant reduction in Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores and salivary cortisol levels (P < 0.001).
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation improves Long COVID symptoms in a female cohort: a pilot study
Zheng et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2024
Significant improvements were observed in various cognitive functions, anxiety, depression, and sleep at post-intervention, with benefits remaining or progressing at 1-month follow-up.
Feasibility and effectiveness of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in awake mice
Yu et al. · CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024
We found that repetitive taVNS was well tolerated by awake mice, had no effect on anxiety-like behaviors, and significantly improved memory.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation improves social deficits through the inhibition of IL-17a signaling in a mouse model of autism
Zhang et al. · Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024
TaVNS reduced anxiety, improved social function, decreased the number of microglia, and inhibited M1 polarization of microglia.
The gut-brain axis and cognitive control: A role for the vagus nerve
Décarie-Spain et al. · Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2024
Collectively, these findings highlight the contributions of gastrointestinal vagus nerve signaling to the regulation of neurocognitive processes that shape various adaptive behavioral responses.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation effects on chronic pain: systematic review and meta-analysis
Costa et al. · Pain reports · 2024
The results revealed a mean effect size of 0.41 (95% CI 0.17-0.66) in favor of tVNS as compared with control, although a significant heterogeneity was observed (χ2 = 21.7, df = 10, P = 0.02, I 2 = 53.9%).
Clinical Efficacy of Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in the Treatment of Chronic and Acute Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Duff et al. · Pain and therapy · 2024
A total of n = 1496 patients were treated with aVNS in 23 identified and analyzed studies in chronic pain, 12 studies in acute postoperative pain and 7 studies in experimental acute pain.
[Clinical efficacy of auricular vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of chronic and acute pain : A systematic review]
Likar et al. · Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2024
Twenty studies on chronic pain indications, ten studies on acute postoperative pain, as well as seven studies on experimental acute pain were identified and analyzed.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of myoarthropatic symptoms in patients with craniomandibular dysfunction - a protocol for a randomized and controlled pilot trial
Prott et al. · Pilot and feasibility studies · 2024
Therefore, it is the main purpose of the study to evaluate the feasibility of daily taVNS against chronic TMD and to assess whether there is an improvement in pain severity, quality of life, and kinetic parameters.
Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Postural Tachycardia Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Stavrakis et al. · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · 2024
Mean age was 34 ± 11 years (100% female; 81% Caucasian).
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation mitigates gouty inflammation by reducing neutrophil infiltration in BALB/c mice
Shin et al. · Scientific reports · 2024
Our findings revealed that MSU significantly elevated gout-associated inflammatory cascades and mediators in the ankle joint.
Direct vagus nerve stimulation: A new tool to control allergic airway inflammation through α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
Sévoz-Couche et al. · British journal of pharmacology · 2024
Yet, the effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS)-induced CAP on allergic inflammation remain unknown.
Vagus nerve stimulation modulates distinct acetylcholine receptors on B cells and limits the germinal center response
Kurata-Sato et al. · Science advances · 2024
GC B cells from chronic VNS mice exhibited altered mRNA and protein expression suggesting increased apoptosis and impaired plasma cell differentiation.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation has no anti-inflammatory effect in diabetes
Okdahl et al. · Scientific reports · 2024
Information regarding age, sex, diabetes type, and the presence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) was included in the analysis as possible confounders.
Vagus nerve stimulation with a small total charge transfer improves motor behavior and reduces neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease
Cheng et al. · Neurochemistry international · 2024
Our results suggest that VNS improved behavioral performance in rod rotation, open field tests and pole-climbing tests in PD mice, accompanied by a decrease in the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the SN and increased TH expression in the striatum.
Neuromodulation and the Gut-Brain Axis: Therapeutic Mechanisms and Implications for Gastrointestinal and Neurological Disorders
Aljeradat et al. · Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2024
Despite existing challenges, the ability of neuromodulation to adjust disrupted neural pathways, alleviate pain, and mitigate inflammation is significant in improving the quality of life for patients, thereby offering exciting prospects for future advancements in patient care.
Brain-Gut Axis: Invasive and Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Limitations, and Potential Therapeutic Approaches
Hesampour et al. · Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2024
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in various inflammatory disorders, including IBD, by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines by immune cells.
Effect of Electrical Stimulation of the Vagus Nerve on Inflammation in Rats With Spinal Cord Injury
Xie et al. · Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics · 2024
Electroacupuncture stimulation treatment inhibited inflammatory infiltration, as well as the concentrations of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, astrocytes, and microglia at 1, 6, and 24 hours after 1 EAS treatment.
A body-brain circuit that regulates body inflammatory responses
Jin et al. · Nature · 2024
We used single-cell RNA sequencing, combined with functional imaging, to identify the circuit components of this neuroimmune axis, and showed that its selective manipulation can effectively suppress the pro-inflammatory response while enhancing an anti-inflammatory state.
Impact of optimized transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on cardiac autonomic profile in healthy subjects and heart failure patients
Maestri et al. · Physiological measurement · 2024
Objective.To determine the optimal frequency and site of stimulation for transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) to induce acute changes in the autonomic profile (heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV)) in healthy subjects (HS) and patients with heart failure (HF).Approach.We designe...
Non-pharmacologic autonomic neuromodulation for treatment of heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Ahmed et al. · Trends in cardiovascular medicine · 2024
Treatment strategies that modulate autonomic tone through interventional and device-based therapies have been studied as an adjunct to pharmacological treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
Blood Pressure Variability After Non-invasive Low-level Tragus Stimulation in Acute Heart Failure
Nagai et al. · Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2024
In the active group, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV) and δ in SBP were significantly decreased after LLTS (all p < 0.05).
Effectiveness of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of tinnitus: an interventional prospective controlled study
Raj-Koziak et al. · International journal of audiology · 2024
In general, subjective and objective measurements of tinnitus showed no improvement in the study group compared to the controls, although certain parameters as gauged by the questionnaires did statistically improve.
Transcutaneous Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation: Changing the Paradigm for Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation Therapies?
Förster · Biomolecules · 2024
Future applications of this non-invasive neuromodulation technology to conditions like atrial fibrillation (AF) or ischemic stroke are highly likely due to its advancement.
Atrial fibrillation radiofrequency ablation in a patient with vagus nerve stimulation
Benoit et al. · Neurophysiologie clinique = Clinical neurophysiology · 2024
This 62-year-old patient with bitemporal lobe epilepsy treated with VNS underwent radiofrequency ablation of an atrial fibrillation without any perioperative or postoperative complications.
Vagus nerve stimulation for cardiovascular diseases: Is there light at the end of the tunnel?
Zafeiropoulos et al. · Trends in cardiovascular medicine · 2024
Although VNS ameliorated CVD in several animal models, early human studies have demonstrated variable efficacy.
Vagus nerve stimulation: Potential for treating chronic wounds
Budhiraja et al. · Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society · 2024
VNS has also demonstrated potential in autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease, as well as neurological disorders like epilepsy and migraines.
Percutaneous Neuromodulation for Atrial Fibrillation
Zuhair et al. · Cardiac electrophysiology clinics · 2024
Noninvasive methods, such as transcutaneous low-level tragus stimulation, offer innovative treatment pathways, with early trials indicating a significant reduction in AF burden.
Vagus nerve stimulation as a promising neuroprotection for ischemic stroke via α7nAchR-dependent inactivation of microglial NLRP3 inflammasome
Xia et al. · Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2024
We found that all the three VNS significantly protected against the tMCAO-induced injury evidenced by improved neurological function and reduced infarct volume.
Making Sense of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Stroke
Malakouti et al. · Stroke · 2024
Health care providers, patients, and insurers should rely on appropriately designed research to guide well-informed decisions.
Efficacy observation of combined transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation on gait in 169 subacute stroke patients
Wang et al. · Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2024
Significant improvements in FMA-LL, MBI, BBS, TUG, gait parameters, and sEMG were noted in the intervention groups compared with the control, with the transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation combined with transcranial direct current stimulation group showing the most pronounced improveme...
Minimally invasive vagus nerve stimulation modulates mast cell degranulation via the microbiota-gut-brain axis to ameliorate blood-brain barrier and intestinal barrier damage following ischemic stroke
Wang et al. · International immunopharmacology · 2024
Mast cells (MCs) play a significant role in various diseases, and their activation and degranulation can trigger inflammatory responses and barrier damage.
Vagus nerve electrical stimulation in the recovery of upper limb motor functional impairment after ischemic stroke
Chen et al. · Cognitive neurodynamics · 2024
Recent studies have demonstrated that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has neuroprotective effects in both transient and permanent cerebral ischemia animal models, significantly improving upper limb motor impairments, auditory deficits, and swallowing difficulties.
Neurostimulation for treatment of post-stroke impairments
Dawson et al. · Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024
This Review focuses on neurostimulation techniques that are now in clinical use or that have reached the stage of pivotal trials and show considerable promise for the treatment of post-stroke impairments.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation with task-oriented training improves upper extremity function in patients with subacute stroke: a randomized clinical trial
Wang et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024
The VG showed significant improvements in upper extremity function (FMA-UE, ARAT) and activities of daily living (MBI) compared to the SG at post-intervention.
A narrative review of vagus nerve stimulation in stroke
Hu et al. · Journal of central nervous system disease · 2024
Stroke is a significant health concern impacting society and the health care system.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Upper Extremity Rehabilitation for Chronic Ischemic Stroke: Contribution of Dosage Parameters
Lin et al. · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2024
Compared to Controls, active VNS favorably influenced distal function with sustained improvement after the home program.
Effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on chronic low back pain: a systematic review
Eid et al. · BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024
Our database search found 1084 RCT.
Effect of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Pilot Study
Tavares-Figueiredo et al. · Journal of clinical medicine · 2024
VAS scores decreased significantly by 16.1 (SD = 17.9) mm (p < 0.001) and by 22.5 (25) mm (p < 0.001) after 3 months (24 patients were analyzed).
The combined effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on pressure and heat pain thresholds in pain-free subjects: a randomized cross-over trial
Liebano et al. · Trials · 2024
TENS has been demonstrated to produce hypoalgesic effects in postoperative pain, fibromyalgia, knee osteoarthritis, and healthy subjects.
Comparison of the efficacy of auricular vagus nerve stimulation and conventional low back rehabilitation in patients with chronic low back pain
Demircioğlu et al. · Complementary therapies in clinical practice · 2024
At the end of three weeks, within-group assessment results showed positive effects on mobility, functional status, depression and sleep in all groups (p < 0.05).
Effect of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Conditioned Pain Modulation in Trigeminal Neuralgia Patients
Zhang et al. · Pain and therapy · 2024
A 30-min active taVNS exposure substantially elevated the PPT and CPM effect (P < 0.05) among TN patients, and we also observed a notable rise in the PPT and CPM effect (P < 0.05) among healthy controls.
Exploring the efficacy of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in modulating local and systemic inflammation in experimental models of colitis
Hesampour et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2024
taVNS improved DAI, macroscopic, and histological scores in DSS colitis mice, but only partially mitigated weight loss and DAI in DNBS colitis mice.
Ameliorating effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on a mouse model of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome
Liu et al. · Neurobiology of disease · 2024
First, we found that taVNS increased fecal pellet number, fecal water content, and gastrointestinal transit in IBS-C model mice compared with the sham-ES group.
Unmet needs of drugs for irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases: interest of vagus nerve stimulation and hypnosis
Bonaz · Inflammopharmacology · 2024
The gut-brain axis can be targeted for therapeutic purposes in irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease through non-drug therapies, such as hypnosis and vagus nerve stimulation, opening up possibilities for responding to patient expectations.
Characterization of idiopathic chronic diarrhea and associated intestinal inflammation and preliminary observations of effects of vagal nerve stimulation in a non-human primate
Populin et al. · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2024
We characterized this condition and present preliminary data demonstrating that left vagal nerve stimulation provides relief.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation as a novel therapy connecting the central and peripheral systems: a review
Zou et al. · International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2024
This review shows the successful examples and research progress of taVNS using peripheral neuromodulation mechanisms from more perspectives, demonstrating the expanded scope and value of taVNS to provide new ideas and approaches for holistic therapy from both central and peripheral perspectives.
Transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation for treating gastrointestinal symptoms in individuals with diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled, multicentre trial
Kornum et al. · Diabetologia · 2024
Sixty-eight participants were randomised to the active group, while 77 were randomised to the sham group.
Stress-sensitive neural circuits change the gut microbiome via duodenal glands
Chang et al. · Cell · 2024
The findings revealed a tractable brain-body mechanism linking psychological states to host defense.
Optogenetic inhibition of the locus coeruleus blocks vagus nerve stimulation-induced enhancement of extinction of conditioned fear in rats
Calderon-Williams et al. · Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2024
Consistent with previous findings, VNS treatment during extinction training significantly reduced freezing 24 h and 2 weeks later.
Is transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation effective and safe for primary insomnia? A PRISMA-compliant protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Yang et al. · PloS one · 2024
Therefore, this protocol outlines the framework for a systematic review and meta-analysis designed to comprehensively assess the effectiveness and safety of ta-VNS in treating primary insomnia.
Effect of vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on anxiety and sleep disturbances among elderly health care workers in the post COVID-19 pandemic
Srinivasan et al. · Work (Reading, Mass.) · 2024
With a p value of 0.001, taVNS stimulation significantly improved sleep quality and reduced anxiety after 4 weeks.
Efficacy of transauricular vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced painful peripheral neuropathy: a randomized controlled exploratory study
Yang et al. · Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024
Compared with the SS group, the NRS and AIS in the taVNS group were significantly lower at D0.
Combined transcutaneous auricular vagus stimulation (taVNS) with 0.1Hz slow breathing enhances insomnia treatment efficacy: A pilot study
Tian et al. · Brain stimulation · 2024
Study examining sleep using taVNS.
Effect of long-term transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in multiple system atrophy-cerebellar subtype: a case report
Wang et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024
In the case, we found that short-term taVNS treatment can alleviate ataxia, sleep problem, anxiety and depression of the MSA-C patient.
Effectiveness of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) on salicylate-induced tinnitus
Rezapour et al. · Neuroscience letters · 2024
The inhibition percentage of the GPIAS test was significantly reduced post-salicylate injection in the tVNS and AS alone groups, while it was not significant in the tVNS with AS group.
Current status of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for tinnitus: a narrative review of modern research
Wu et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has demonstrated potential as a substitute or supplementary treatment by activating central vagal pathways.
Efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (ta-VNS) in the treatment of tinnitus: protocol for an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Lin et al. · BMJ open · 2024
With an increasing incidence and significant effects on patients, tinnitus has become a major disease burden.
Effects of Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Inflammatory Markers in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Taha et al. · Cureus · 2024
Following nVNS treatment, there was a significant increase in IL-10 levels (MD = 1.53, 95% CI: 0.77, 2.29; p < 0.001).
Vagal nerve stimulation for the management of long COVID symptoms
Khan et al. · Infectious medicine · 2024
Preliminary evidence from small-scale pilot studies suggests VNS may attenuate systemic inflammation through activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), thus restoring autonomic balance and ameliorating symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and anxiety.
Effects of auricular stimulation on weight- and obesity-related parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
Hua et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024
The full texts of 1,274 studies were screened; 22 contained data on obesity-related outcomes, and 15 trials with 1,333 patients were included in the meta-analysis.
Bilateral Subdiaphragmatic Vagal Nerve Stimulation Using a Novel Waveform Decreases Body Weight, Food Consumption, Adiposity, and Activity in Obesity-Prone Rats
Leinen et al. · Obesity surgery · 2024
Results showed that rats on a high-fat diet that received sVNS attained a similar weight to rats on a standard diet due primarily to a reduction in daily caloric intake.
Neuromodulation for the treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome - A systematic review
Qiu et al. · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024
Finally, given the potentially vulnerable population, neuroethical considerations and dialogue should guide the field.
The latest reports and treatment methods on polycystic ovary syndrome
Stańczak et al. · Annals of medicine · 2024
It is mandatory to examine these environmental and lifestyle factors as they not only contribute to the occurrence of the disease but also influence its progression.
Transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation modulates blood glucose in ZDF rats via intestinal melatonin receptors and melatonin secretion
Zhang et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024
Compared with the ZL group, the level of FBG and body weight increased (all p < 0.01), plasma MLT secretion and the expression of MRs in duodenum, jejunum and ileum of ZDF rats decreased obviously (all p < 0.05), respectively.
Optogenetic stimulation of vagal nerves for enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and β cell proliferation
Kawana et al. · Nature biomedical engineering · 2024
The two methods show that signals from the vagal nerve, especially from nerve fibres innervating the pancreas, are sufficient to regulate insulin secretion and β cell proliferation.
Mechanisms of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Improving Motor Dysfunction After Stroke
Cai et al. · Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2024
The applications and further exploration are discussed to provide new insights into this novel therapeutic technique.
The evolution of neuromodulation for chronic stroke: From neuroplasticity mechanisms to brain-computer interfaces
Saway et al. · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024
While the field of implantable devices for chronic stroke recovery is still in a nascent stage, the data reviewed are suggestive of immense potential for reducing the impact and impairment from this globally prevalent disorder.
Vagus nerve stimulation during training fails to improve learning in healthy rats
Carroll et al. · Scientific reports · 2024
These results contrast recent findings from multiple labs which found VNS pairing during training produced learning enhancements across motor, auditory, and cognitive domains.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation does not modulate working memory capacity but alters pupillary responses in the change detection task
Chen et al. · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2024
For the results, we observed no significant modulation of working memory capacity by taVNS but did note distinct alterations in pupillary response (mean amplitude and extremes) during specified intervals in the change detection task.
Does vibrotactile stimulation of the auricular vagus nerve enhance working memory? A behavioral and physiological investigation
Tan et al. · Brain stimulation · 2024
In 4-back tasks, which demand maximal working memory capacity, active vibrotactile taVNS significantly improved the performance metric d' compared to the baseline but not to the sham.
Does Vibrotactile Stimulation of the Auricular Vagus Nerve Enhance Working Memory? A Behavioral and Physiological Investigation
Tan et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
In 4-back tasks, which demand maximal working memory capacity, active vibrotactile taVNS significantly improved the performance metric d ' compared to the baseline but not to the sham.
Vagus nerve stimulation in dementia: A scoping review of clinical and pre-clinical studies
Kamoga et al. · AIMS neuroscience · 2024
This study aimed to examine the extent and nature of research activities in relation to the use of VNS in dementia and disseminate research findings for the potential utility in dementia care.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Shan et al. · Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024
6 RCTs with 176 PD patient were included.
Vagus nerve stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a scoping review of animal studies and human subjects research
Evancho et al. · NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024
Studies showed high variability in VNS parameters and study design.
Neuromodulation techniques - From non-invasive brain stimulation to deep brain stimulation
Davidson et al. · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024
Ongoing active clinical trials using are uncovering novel applications and paradigms for these interventions.
Immediate modulatory effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on patients with Parkinson's disease: a crossover self-controlled fMRI study
Fu et al. · Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024
Forty-seven participants completed the study and were included in the final analysis.
Left Vagus Stimulation Modulates Contralateral Subthalamic β Power Improving the Gait in Parkinson's Disease
Marano et al. · Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2024
The left taVNS induced a reduction of the total β power in the contralateral (ie, right) subthalamic nucleus and an improvement of TUG time, speed, and variability.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Improvement of Vascular Cognitive Impairment
E et al. · Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2024
Numerous studies suggest that VNS suppresses the body's inflammatory response, leading to enhanced cognitive function in patients.
Vagus nerve stimulation in cerebral stroke: biological mechanisms, therapeutic modalities, clinical applications, and future directions
Du et al. · Neural regeneration research · 2024
Clinical studies have found that invasive vagus nerve stimulation combined with rehabilitation therapy is effective in improving upper limb motor and cognitive abilities in stroke patients.
Evaluating phasic transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) with pupil dilation: the importance of stimulation intensity and sensory perception
Ludwig et al. · Scientific reports · 2024
The results also suggest that the influence of intensity on pupil dilation may be stronger than that of frequency.
Advances in VNS efficiency and mechanisms of action on cognitive functions
Wang et al. · Frontiers in physiology · 2024
A comprehensive review of 100 articles highlighted the cognitive effects of Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS).
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in anti-inflammatory therapy: mechanistic insights and future perspectives
Liu et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024
Future research directions will focus on refining VNS technology, optimizing treatment parameters, and exploring synergistic effects with other therapeutic modalities, which could revolutionize the management of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
Clinical safety and feasibility of a novel implantable neuroimmune modulation device for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: initial results from the randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled RESET-RA study
Peterson et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2024
Sixty patients were implanted during Stage 1 of the study.
Stimulation of the vagus nerve as a therapeutic principle
Seifert et al. · Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2024
Many studies have demonstrated that chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with reduced parasympathetic and increased sympathetic activities.
The Neural Basis of the Effect of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Emotion Regulation Related Brain Regions: An rs-fMRI Study
Zhang et al. · IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · 2024
These findings provide insight into the neural basis through which taVNS influences emotion regulation and hold potential for the development of neuromodulation-based therapeutic strategies for emotional disorders.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation can modulate fronto-parietal brain networks
Han et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024
No activated regions were observed in the fMRI scans following both sham stimulation and tVNS after the first session.
Insula-Medial Prefrontal Cortex Functional Connectivity Modulated by Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation: An fMRI Study
Zhang et al. · IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics · 2024
It has been demonstrated that taVNS can influence interoceptive signals.
Identifying responders to vagus nerve stimulation based on microstructural features of thalamocortical tracts in drug-resistant epilepsy
Berger et al. · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024
Multiple diffusion metrics consistently demonstrated significantly higher white matter fiber integrity in patients with a better response to VNS (pFDR < 0.05) in different subsegments of thalamocortical tracts.
Compatibility of Standard Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Investigational Microburst Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy with fMRI
Middlebrooks et al. · AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2024
Our results support the safety of standard and investigational microburst vagus nerve stimulation therapy during MR imaging and fMRI scans.
Editorial: Non-invasive and minimally invasive vagus nerve stimulation for chronic pain
Woodbury et al. · Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2024
Study examining fibromyalgia using iVNS.
Evaluating the efficacy and acceptability of vagus nerve stimulation for fibromyalgia: a PRISMA-compliant protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Cai et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2024
The findings of our study are anticipated to ascertain the efficacy and acceptability of VNS as a promising treatment option for fibromyalgia.
Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve ameliorates inflammation and disease activity in a rat EAE model of multiple sclerosis
Natarajan et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
In this study, VNS-mediated neuroimmune modulation is demonstrated to effectively decrease EAE disease severity and duration, infiltration of neutrophils and pathogenic lymphocytes, myelin damage, blood-brain barrier disruption, fibrinogen deposition, and proinflammatory microglial activation.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in Children-A Literature Review
Fukuda et al. · Journal of clinical medicine · 2024
This review describes the VNS system, the mechanism of the therapeutic effect, the specific stimulation adjustment method, antiepileptic effects, and other clinical effects in patients with childhood DRE.
Vagus nerve stimulation enhances remyelination and decreases innate neuroinflammation in lysolecithin-induced demyelination
Bachmann et al. · Brain stimulation · 2024
Immunohistochemistry showed that cVNS significantly reduced microglial and astrocytic activation in the lesion and lesion border, and significantly reduced the Olig2+ cell count at 3 dpi.
Paired vagus nerve stimulation drives precise remyelination and motor recovery after myelin loss
Huang et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
We found that VNS promotes remyelination by increasing the generation of myelinating oligodendrocytes.
Proteomics dataset of lysolecithin-induced demyelinated lesions in corpus callosum of Lewis rats, treated with Vagus nerve stimulation or sham treatment
Bachmann et al. · Data in brief · 2024
Raw data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD050858.
Transcutaneous Cervical Vagus Nerve Magnetic Stimulation in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Feasibility Study
Zhang et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2024
The findings showed that daily half-hour VNMS for ten days was feasible in patients with TBI, with minimal side effects and no clinically significant effects on physiological parameters.
Neurorehabilitation with vagus nerve stimulation: a systematic review
Korupolu et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2024
Our review suggests that VNS (non-invasive or invasive) paired with rehabilitation can improve motor outcomes after stroke in humans.
Vagus nerve stimulation for the therapy of Dravet syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Chen et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2024
Sixteen trials with a total of 173 patients were included.
Mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders: a focus on microglia and neuroinflammation
Gargus et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024
Evidence suggests that altered VN signaling is linked to changes in the neuroimmune system, including microglia.
Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation and exploration of brain network mechanisms in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Sun et al. · Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024
Therefore, in this study, we intend to provide a study protocol to examine the therapeutic effects of taVNS in individuals diagnosed with HFA and to investigate the process of brain network remodeling in individuals with ASD using functional imaging techniques to observe alterations in large-scal...
Pairing tones with vagus nerve stimulation improves brain stem responses to speech in the valproic acid model of autism
Tamaoki et al. · Journal of neurophysiology · 2024
Contrarily, VNS-speech pairing significantly decreased the IC response to speech compared with VPA-exposed rats by 5%.
Neural signatures of emotional biases predict clinical outcomes in difficult-to-treat depression
Fennema et al. · Research directions. Depression · 2024
A linear regression model showed that baseline severity of depressive symptoms explained 3% of the variance in outcomes at follow-up (F[3,34] = .33, p = .81).
An update on noninvasive neuromodulation in the treatment of patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness
Wan et al. · CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024
Variable techniques of neuromodulation are used in pDoC.
Vagus nerve stimulation: a physical therapy with promising potential for central nervous system disorders
Wang et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2024
The diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) often cause irreversible damage to the human body and have a poor prognosis, posing a significant threat to human health.
Transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation for consciousness recovery in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (TAVREC): study protocol for a multicenter, triple-blind, randomized controlled trial in China
Zhou et al. · BMJ open · 2024
We developed a protocol for a randomised controlled study to evaluate the effectiveness of taVNS on consciousness recovery in patients with pDoC (TAVREC).
The efficacy and safety of bilateral synchronous transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for prolonged disorders of consciousness: a multicenter, double-blind, stratified, randomized controlled trial protocol
Wang et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2024
Thereby, we propose a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, stratified, two-arm randomized controlled trial protocol to investigate the efficacy and safety of bilateral synchronous taVNS for treatment of DOC.
Electrical stimulation of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus in male mice can regulate inflammation without affecting the heart rate
Falvey et al. · Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024
Either left or right eDMNS at 500 μA and 250 μA decreased HR, compared with baseline pre-stimulation.
Non-invasive Auricular Vagus nerve stimulation for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (NAVSaH): Protocol for a prospective, triple-blinded, randomized controlled trial
Huguenard et al. · medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024
The aim of the Non-invasive Auricular Vagus nerve stimulation for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (NAVSaH) trial is to translate the use of non-invasive transcutaneous auricular VNS (taVNS) to spontaneous SAH, with our central hypothesis being that implementing taVNS in the acute period following spontan...
Non-invasive Auricular Vagus nerve stimulation for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (NAVSaH): Protocol for a prospective, triple-blinded, randomized controlled trial
Huguenard et al. · PloS one · 2024
The aim of the Non-invasive Auricular Vagus nerve stimulation for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (NAVSaH) trial is to translate the use of non-invasive transcutaneous auricular VNS (taVNS) to spontaneous SAH, with our central hypothesis being that implementing taVNS in the acute period following spontan...
Magnetic vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates contrast-induced acute kidney injury by circulating plasma exosomal miR-365-3p
Wu et al. · Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024
mVNS treatment was found to significantly improve the damaged renal function, including the reduction of elevated serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) with increased urine output.
Safety profile of abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed for renal disease surveillance in tuberous sclerosis complex patients with vagus nerve stimulation: Safety of MRI for TSC Patients with VNS
Sage et al. · Seizure · 2024
Sixteen patients with 48 total MRIs of the abdomen were found: 34 (71 %) scans were conducted under sedation and 14 (29 %) without sedation.
Anatomic and functional evidence for renal autonomic innervation in normotensive and hypertensive rats
Dai et al. · American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2024
Norepinephrine (NE) increased and α-receptor antagonist reduced vascular ring tension of renal arteries.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation as a potential therapy for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: modulation of the noradrenergic pathway in the prefrontal lobe
Zhi et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024
In recent years, transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, has demonstrated promising potential in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Central amygdala is related to the reduction of aggressive behavior by monosodium glutamate ingestion during the period of development in an ADHD model rat
Mustika et al. · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
The resident intruder test revealed that SHR/Izm rats were the most aggressive among the four strains for all aggression parameters tested.
Neuron-Microglia Interaction is Involved in Anti-inflammatory Response by Vagus Nerve Stimulation in the Prefrontal Cortex of Rats Injected with Polyinosinic:Polycytidylic Acid
Kim et al. · Molecular neurobiology · 2024
Neuronal production of fractalkine (CX3CL1) in the PFC was markedly reduced by poly(I:C), but recovered by aVNS.
Evidence of bottom-up homeostatic modulation induced taVNS during emotional and Go/No-Go tasks
Camargo et al. · Experimental brain research · 2024
The results demonstrated a significant increase in N2 amplitude in the No-Go condition for the active taVNS post-intervention compared to the sham taVNS after adjusting by handedness, mood, and fatigue levels (p = 0.046), significantly reduced ERD during sad conditions after treatment (p = 0.037)...
Vagus nerve stimulation: Novel concept for the treatment of glioblastoma and solid cancers by cytokine (interleukin-6) reduction, attenuating the SASP, enhancing tumor immunity
Brem · Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024
Genomic analysis of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and preclinical models of glioma suggest that an exciting approach would entail reprogramming of the glioma microenvironment, attenuating the pro-inflammatory, pro-tumorigenic cytokines of the SASP, especially interleukin-6 ...
Vagus nerve stimulation rescues persistent pain following orthopedic surgery in adult mice
Wu et al. · Pain · 2024
Postoperative pain is a major clinical problem imposing a significant burden on patients and society.
Analgesic Effect of Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Oxaliplatin-induced Peripheral Neuropathic Pain in a Rodent Model
Baek et al. · Experimental neurobiology · 2024
Immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated increased c-Fos expression in the locus coeruleus (LC) in the brain of CIPN rats treated with aVNS compared to sham treatment.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagal Nerve Stimulation Is Effective for the Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Study
Shi et al. · The American journal of gastroenterology · 2024
A total of 300 patients were randomized to V10 (n = 101), V25 (n = 99), and sham groups (n = 100).
Effects of a single session of noninvasive auricular vagus nerve stimulation on sports performance in elite athletes: an open-label randomized controlled trial
Çalι et al. · Expert review of medical devices · 2024
It was ascertained that the differences in heart rate (-0.73 pulse/min, p = 0.032) and modified Star Balance Test scores (anterior 2.72 cm, p = 0.000, posterolateral 3.65 cm, p = 0.000 and posteromedial 2.43 cm, p = 0.000) before and after AVNS were significant in subjects in the experimental group.
Stimulatory effect of methylglyoxal on capsaicin-sensitive lung vagal afferents in rats: role of TRPA1
Lin et al. · American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2024
Our results showed that intravenous injection of MG (25 mg/kg, MG25) in anesthetized, spontaneously breathing rats elicited pulmonary chemoreflexes characterized by apnea, bradycardia, and hypotension.
The efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Tan et al. · Journal of Affective Disorders · 2023
Pooled analysis of RCTs found that taVNS significantly reduced depression scores compared to sham stimulation, with moderate effect sizes and fewer side effects than antidepressants.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (ta-VNS) for treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial
Yang et al. · Neurotherapeutics · 2023
At 20 weeks, the responder rate and relative seizure frequency reduction were significantly higher in the active taVNS group compared to controls, supporting non-invasive VNS for drug-resistant epilepsy.
Effect of transcutaneous cervical vagus nerve stimulation on declarative and working memory in patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A pilot study
Choudhary et al. · Journal of Affective Disorders · 2023
Active tcVNS produced a 91% increase in paragraph recall performance by two months, suggesting VNS may improve declarative memory deficits associated with PTSD.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Rehabilitation for Upper Limb Motor Impairment After Chronic Ischemic Stroke: Subgroup Analysis of the VNS-REHAB Trial
Dawson et al. · Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair · 2023
VNS paired with rehabilitation showed consistent benefits across all patient subgroups, with treatment effects similar regardless of age, stroke duration, severity, or other demographic factors.
Autonomic regulation therapy in chronic heart failure with preserved/mildly reduced ejection fraction: ANTHEM-HFpEF study results
Kumar et al. · International Journal of Cardiology · 2023
At 12 months, chronic VNS improved NYHA class, 6-minute walk distance, quality of life, and autonomic tone in HFpEF/HFmrEF patients, though mechanical cardiac function measures remained unchanged.
Anti-neuroinflammation effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation against depression-like behaviors via hypothalamic α7nAchR/JAK2/STAT3/NF-κB pathway in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress
Chen et al. · CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023
Depression-like behaviors in CUMS-exposed rats were manifested by decreased SPT ratio, increased FST immobility time, decreased total distance, vertical movement score, and activity time of OFT.
Role of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in the Treatment of Chronic Pain
Shao et al. · Neuroimmunomodulation · 2023
We further discuss potential underlying mechanisms for VNS to inhibit chronic pain.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation as a potential novel treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome
Zhang et al. · Scientific reports · 2023
Recently, an imbalanced autonomic nervous system (ANS) with sympathetic hyperactivity and reduced parasympathetic nerve activity (vagal tone) has aroused increasing attention in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
Treatment-Resistant Late-Life Depression: A Review of Clinical Features, Neuropsychology, Neurobiology, and Treatment
Subramanian et al. · The Psychiatric clinics of North America · 2023
This article serves as an evidence-based guide for medical practitioners who encounter TRLLD in their practice.
Novel and emerging treatments for major depression
Marwaha et al. · Lancet (London, England) · 2023
In this Review, we assess novel and emerging biological treatments for major depressive disorder, evaluate their putative brain and body mechanisms, and highlight how close each might be to clinical use.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Case Series of Long-Term Follow-up
Pigato et al. · The journal of ECT · 2023
The VNS implant was associated with a sustained response (>10 years) in terms of clinical response and social, occupational, and psychological functioning in 3 patients.
Transauricular vagus nerve stimulation for patients with disorders of consciousness: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Zhou et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2023
Ultimately, 57 patients completed the study: 28 patients underwent active tVNS and 29 patients underwent sham tVNS.
Clinical Benefit of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Epilepsy: Assessment of Randomized Controlled Trials and Prospective Non-Randomized Studies
Cramer et al. · Journal of central nervous system disease · 2023
To provide an assessment of how the risks and benefits of VNS impact the patient experience, 1 study assessed the well-being of enrolled patients (as a secondary end point) and found VNS was associated with an overall improvement in well-being.
Neurostimulation in generalized epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Haneef et al. · Epilepsia · 2023
Sufficient data for meta-analysis were available from seven studies for VNS (n = 510) and nine studies for DBS (n = 87).
Randomized trial of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on patients with disorders of consciousness: A study protocol
Cheng et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2023
This study attempts to investigate the effectiveness of taVNS in DoC by means of Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Electrophysiology (EEG), and Single-molecular array (Simoa).
Effectiveness of vagus nerve stimulation for drug-resistant generalized epilepsy in children aged six and younger
Lyu et al. · Neuro-Chirurgie · 2023
To explore a novel scoring system to evaluate the efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in children with drug-resistant generalized epilepsy (DRGE) aged six and younger.
Comparison of long-term survival with continued medical therapy, vagus nerve stimulation, and cranial epilepsy surgery in paediatric patients with drug-resistant epilepsy in the USA: an observational cohort study
Zhang et al. · The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2023
This study included 10 240 patients treated with antiseizure medications only, 5019 patients treated with antiseizure medications plus VNS, and 3033 patients treated with antiseizure medications plus cranial epilepsy surgery.
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation of auricular branch of the vagus nerve effectively and rapidly modulates the EEG patterns in patients with possible electrographic status epilepticus
Sarma et al. · Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape · 2023
The duration of status epilepticus at the time of inclusion of Patients 1, 2, and 3 was 6 weeks, 7 days, and 5 days respectively.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Insomnia in People Living in Places or Cities with High Altitudes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Zhang et al. · Brain sciences · 2023
Patients' PSQI, ISI, and GAD-7 scale scores significantly decreased after 4 weeks of tVNS treatment and were greater than those of the control group.
Therapeutic effect of implanted and non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation on heroin-induced anxiety
Yue et al. · Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2023
Both nVNS and taVNS significantly increased the expression of c-Fos in the nucleus of solitary tract, suggesting the feasibility of nVNS and taVNS.
The Effects of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Functional Connectivity Within Semantic and Hippocampal Networks in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Murphy et al. · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023
Neuropathological data suggest that the locus coeruleus may be an early site of tau pathology in AD.
Impact of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on healthy cognitive and brain aging
Trifilio et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
In this review, we characterize the possible mechanisms by which non-invasive VNS may promote healthy aging (e.g., neurotransmitter effects, inflammation regulation, functional connectivity changes), special considerations for applying non-invasive VNS in an older adult population (e.g., vagus ne...
Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation for migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Song et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2023
Meta-analysis shows that non-invasive cervical vagus nerve stimulation (n-cVNS) significantly impacted ≥50% responder rate (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.47; p = 0.02), but had no significant effect on reducing migraine days (MD, -0.46; 95% CI, -1.21 to 0.29; p = 0.23) and headache days (MD, -0.68; ...
The modulation effects of repeated transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on the functional connectivity of key brainstem regions along the vagus nerve pathway in migraine patients
Huang et al. · Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023
59 patients (real group: n = 33; sham group: n = 29) completed two fMRI scan sessions.
Evaluation of the Modulation Effects Evoked by Different Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Frequencies Along the Central Vagus Nerve Pathway in Migraine: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Sacca et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2023
Static FC (sFC) analysis showed that 1) continuous 1-Hz taVNS resulted in an increase of NTS/LC-occipital cortex sFC and a decrease of NTS-thalamus sFC compared with the pre-1-Hz taVNS resting state, 2) continuous 20-Hz taVNS resulted in an increase of the LC-anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) sFC c...
Effects of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation on clinical symptoms and molecular biomarkers in Parkinson's disease
Mondal et al. · Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023
Significant improvements in key gait parameters (speed, stance time and step length) were observed with active nVNS.
European Academy of Neurology guidelines on the treatment of cluster headache
May et al. · European journal of neurology · 2023
This work presents evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of cluster headache derived from a systematic review of the literature and consensus among a panel of experts.
Management of cluster headache: Treatments and their mechanisms
Peng et al. · Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2023
Cluster headache is treated with acute treatments, bridge treatments, and preventive treatments.
Effects of Non-Invasive Neuromodulation of the Vagus Nerve for the Management of Cluster Headache: A Systematic Review
Fernández-Hernando et al. · Journal of clinical medicine · 2023
The search provided 1003 articles, with three clinical trials being eligible for inclusion in the review.
An open-label observational study and meta-analysis of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in medically refractory chronic cluster headache
Simmonds et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2023
17/40 patients (43%) achieved ≥50% reduction in attack frequency at 3 months.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation reduces cytokine production in sepsis: An open double-blind, sham-controlled, pilot study
Wu et al. · Brain stimulation · 2023
TaVNS was well tolerated in the study population.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation attenuates autoantibody-mediated cardiovagal dysfunction and inflammation in a rabbit model of postural tachycardia syndrome
Deng et al. · Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2023
Compared to preimmune state, an enhanced heart rate increase and decreased parasympathetic activity upon tilting were observed in immunized rabbits.
The brain-liver cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and viral infections
Martínez-Meza et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2023
Next, we explore mechanisms by which the VN is perturbed by viral infections, and how non-invasive restoration of cholinergic signaling pathways with bioelectronic medicine (BEM) might ameliorate hepatic inflammation and neuroinflammation in certain viral infections.
Pharmacological and Electroceutical Targeting of the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway in Autoimmune Diseases
Zouali · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
In the future, these new approaches could represent a major therapeutic strategy for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway inhibits inflammation without lymphocyte relay
Simon et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
Using four conscious, non-lymphopenic transgenic mouse models, we found that, rather than acting on CD4+ T-cells, NA released by splenic nerve terminals acts directly onto β2-AR on splenic myeloid cells to exert this anti-inflammatory effect.
Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway mediates diesel exhaust PM
Xie et al. · Journal of hazardous materials · 2023
A wide range of research has demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure may induce various negative health effects via pulmonary and systemic inflammations.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease: A State-of-the-Art Review
Bazoukis et al. · Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been found to exert anti-inflammatory effects in different clinical settings and has been associated with improvement of clinical outcomes.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Its Cardioprotective Abilities: A Systematic Review
Elamin et al. · Journal of clinical medicine · 2023
However, continued research is needed for further insight.
Insights Into the Effects of Low-Level Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Atrial Electrophysiology: Towards Patient-Tailored Cardiac Neuromodulation
Kharbanda et al. · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · 2023
A total of 10 patients (median age 74 years [IQR: 69-78 years]) underwent tLLVNS for a duration of 56 minutes (IQR: 43-73 minutes).
Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Ischemic Stroke
Andalib et al. · Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2023
This review discusses the evidence supporting VNS as a treatment option for ischemic stroke and elucidates its underlying mechanisms.
Motor Activated Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Potential Neuromodulation Approach for Post-Stroke Motor Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study
Badran et al. · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2023
A total of 16 individuals completed the trial, and both MAAVNS (n = 9) and unpaired taVNS (n = 7) demonstrated improved Fugl-Meyer Assessment upper extremity scores (Mean ± SEM, MAAVNS: 5.00 ± 1.02, unpaired taVNS: 3.14 ± 0.63).
Stroke Rehabilitation and Motor Recovery
O'Dell · Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) · 2023
This article reviews the rehabilitative principles and strategies that can be used to maximize post-stroke recovery.
Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on post-stroke dysphagia
Wang et al. · Journal of neurology · 2023
After treatment, ta-VNS group statistically and clinically had larger change of MASA, FCM, and RAS scores compared with control group (P < 0.05) and this improvement continued at least 4 weeks after the end of treatment.
Vagus nerve stimulation paired with rehabilitation for motor function, mental health and activities of daily living after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Gao et al. · Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2023
Seven RCTs involving 263 (analysed) participants was included.
Efficacy and Safety of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Ananda et al. · Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
Seven RCTs (n = 236 subjects) met the eligibility criteria.
Vagus nerve stimulation is a potential treatment for ischemic stroke
Liu et al. · Neural regeneration research · 2023
We found that vagus nerve stimulation caused a shift from a pro-inflammatory phenotype to a regulatory phenotype in microglia in the ischemic penumbra.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on upper limb motor function with stroke: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy pilot study
Wang et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
In patients exhibiting left-side hemiplegia, there was a notable increase in activation within the pre-motor and supplementary motor cortex (PMC-SMC) of the unaffected hemisphere as well as in the left Broca area.
Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques for the Improvement of Upper Limb Motor Function and Performance in Activities of Daily Living After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Ahmed et al. · Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2023
Evidence suggests that excitatory stimulation protocols are the most promising intervention in improving upper limb motor function and performance in ADLs.
Application of vagus nerve stimulation on the rehabilitation of upper limb dysfunction after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Wang et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2023
Ten trials (VNS combined with rehabilitation group vs.
Clinical Research Progress of the Post-Stroke Upper Limb Motor Function Improvement via Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Shi et al. · Neural plasticity · 2023
We further summarize the application of taVNS in improving post-stroke upper limb motor function to further promote the clinical research and application of taVNS in the rehabilitation of post-stroke upper limb motor dysfunction.
Effects and safety of vagus nerve stimulation on upper limb function in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abdullahi et al. · Scientific reports · 2023
The results showed that invasive (MD 2.66, 95% CI 1.19-4.13, P = 0.0004) and non-invasive (MD 24.16, 95% CI 23.56-24.75, P = 0.00001) VNS are superior at improving level of motor impairment than the control post intervention and at follow-up respectively.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Upper-Limb Rehabilitation After Stroke: 2- and 3-Year Follow-up From the Pilot Study
Francisco et al. · Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2023
One year after Paired VNS therapy, FMA-UE improved by an average of 9.2±8.2 points, as previously reported.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea: A pilot study
Wang et al. · Brain stimulation · 2023
Study examining pain using taVNS.
Neuroimmune Modulation Through Vagus Nerve Stimulation Reduces Inflammatory Activity in Crohn's Disease Patients: A Prospective Open-label Study
D'Haens et al. · Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2023
There was a statistically significant and clinically meaningful decrease in CD Activity Index at Week 16 [mean ± SD: -86.2 ± 92.8, p = 0.003], a significant decrease in faecal calprotectin [-2923 ± 4104, p = 0.015], a decrease in mucosal inflammation in 11/15 patients with paired endoscopies [-2....
Targeting the Vagus Nerve to Treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
Bonaz et al. · Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2023
Study examining gut health using iVNS.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Sacral Nerve Stimulation for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review
Pikov · Journal of translational gastroenterology · 2023
Our analysis encompassed five clinical studies, three on VNS and two on SNS.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation attenuates inflammatory bowel disease in children: a proof-of-concept clinical trial
Sahn et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2023
Twenty-two subjects were enrolled and analyzed (10 CD, 12 UC).
Noninvasive electrical neuromodulation for gastrointestinal motility disorders
Yin et al. · Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2023
noninvasive electrical neuromodulation is an emerging therapy for treating various gastrointestinal motility disorders.
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation for gastrointestinal motility disorders
Song et al. · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2023
It has been shown to be beneficial in treating GI motility disorders.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Relives Irritable Bowel Syndrome and the Associated Depression via α7nAChR-mediated Anti-inflammatory Pathway
Yan et al. · Neuroscience · 2023
AA-CAS treatment resulted in abnormal fecal output, increased visceral sensitivity, depressive-like behaviors, and overexpression of inflammatory mediators, all of which were reversed by VNS treatment.
Impact of auricular percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation on gut microbiome in adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome: A pilot study
Bora et al. · Journal of digestive diseases · 2023
Twenty females aged 15.6 ± 1.62 years were included.
The Importance of Visceral Hypersensitivity in Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Plant Metabolites in IBS Treatment
Dudzińska et al. · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
Therefore, it seems reasonable to conclude that a two-way action through stimulating the VN and using nutraceuticals may become an effective therapy in treating IBS.
Non-invasive neuromodulation: an emerging intervention for visceral pain in gastrointestinal disorders
Alam et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2023
In conclusion, the emerging field of noninvasive neuromodulation appears as a viable alternative therapeutic avenue for effectively managing visceral pain in GI disorders.
Application of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation
Fallahi et al. · World neurosurgery · 2023
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a prevalent devastating condition causing significant morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries.
Brain stimulation techniques as novel treatment options for insomnia: A systematic review
Krone et al. · Journal of sleep research · 2023
A forehead cooling study found no significant group differences in the primary endpoints, but better sleep initiation in the active condition.
Meniere Disease treated with transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation combined with betahistine Mesylate: A randomized controlled trial
Wu et al. · Brain stimulation · 2023
After 12 weeks, the THI (-11.00, 95%CI, -14.87 to -7.13; P < 0.001), DHI (-47.26, 95%CI, -50.23 to -44.29; P < 0.001), VAS of aural fullness (-2.22, 95%CI, -2.95 to -1.49; P<0.01), and Pure Tone Thresholds (-7.07, 95%CI, -9.07 to -5.06; P<0.001) were significantly differed between the two groups.
Effects of Non-Invasive Neuromodulation of the Vagus Nerve for Management of Tinnitus: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Fernández-Hernando et al. · Journal of clinical medicine · 2023
The search identified 183 articles with five clinical trials eligible for inclusion in the review and four for the meta-analysis.
Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation paired with tones on electrophysiological markers of auditory perception
Rufener et al. · Brain stimulation · 2023
From pre to post pairing, we observed a decrease in the N1 amplitude and in theta power to tones paired with sham taVNS while these electrophysiological measures remained stable for tones paired with active taVNS a pattern mirroring auditory sensory processing of novel, unpaired control tones.
Potential value of neuroimmunotherapy for COVID-19: efficacies and mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation, electroacupuncture, and cholinergic drugs
Yu et al. · Frontiers in immunology · 2023
An increasing number of animal and clinical studies have shown that neuromodulation has a significant effect on reducing inflammatory markers of COVID-19, thus exerting an effective neuroimmunotherapeutic value.
Auricular vagus nerve stimulation: a new option to treat inflammation in COVID-19?
Sant'Anna et al. · Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2023
Study examining long covid using taVNS.
Vagal nerve stimulation for headache
Venkatakrishnan et al. · Current opinion in neurology · 2023
This review aims at describing findings of recent literature pertaining to VNS for headache, to put these findings into the perspective of our current fund of knowledge and future scope of work on the topic.
Randomized controlled study to evaluate the safety and clinical impact of percutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in patients with severe COVID-19
Seitz et al. · Frontiers in physiology · 2023
No side effects in aVNS were reported, especially no significant pain at device placement or during stimulation at the stimulation site or significant headache or bleeding after or during device placement or lasting skin irritation.
A Prospect to Ameliorate Affective Symptoms and to Enhance Cognition in Long COVID Using Auricular Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Colzato et al. · Journal of clinical medicine · 2023
Given that atVNS can be employed as an ecological momentary intervention (EMI), we outline the translational advantages of atVNS in the context of accelerating the cognitive and affective recovery from long COVID.
The effects of targeted vagus nerve stimulation on glucose homeostasis in STZ-induced diabetic rodents
Dirr et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
We found increased changes in the rate of blood glucose change during stimulation which subsided after stimulation ended paired with increased concentration of circulating insulin.
Stimulation parameters for directional vagus nerve stimulation
Villalobos et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2023
During application of blocking at lower frequencies (≤ 4 kHz), the ECAP threshold increased (ANOVA, p < 0.001) and saturation level decreased (p < 0.001).
Combining Celiac and Hepatic Vagus Nerve Neuromodulation Reverses Glucose Intolerance and Improves Glycemic Control in Pre- and Overt-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Waataja et al. · Biomedicines · 2023
The present study demonstrated that the neuromodulation reversed glucose intolerance in alloxan-treated swine in both pre- and overt stages of T2DM.
A multivariate physiological model of vagus nerve signalling during metabolic challenges in anaesthetised rats for diabetes treatment
Güemes Gonzalez et al. · Journal of neural engineering · 2023
The decoding methodology involved various techniques, including continuous wavelet transformation, extraction of breathing rate (BR), and correlation of neural metrics with physiological signals.Main results.Decrease in glucose level was consistently negatively correlated with an increase in the ...
[Mechanism of melatonin-mediated antihyperglycemic effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation]
Zhang et al. · Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research · 2023
Compared with the blank control group, the level of FBG of rats were increased （P<0.01）, the plasma MLT content was decreased （P<0.01） and the insulin receptor expression level in the pancreatic tissue was decreased （P<0.01） in the model group.
A review of combined neuromodulation and physical therapy interventions for enhanced neurorehabilitation
Evancho et al. · Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023
We highlight areas needing further research and suggest avenues for future investigation, aiming to enhance the personalization of the unique neuroplastic responses associated with each condition.
Vagus nerve stimulation: mechanisms and factors involved in memory enhancement
Olsen et al. · Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023
Along with neurological and psychiatric indications, clinical and preclinical studies suggest that VNS can improve memory.
Auricular Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Specifically Enhances Working Memory Gate Closing Mechanism: A System Neurophysiological Study
Konjusha et al. · The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023
Neurobiological considerations suggest that the catecholaminergic and the GABAergic are likely involved in these dynamics.
The effect of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation on memory recall in reading: A pilot study
Thakkar et al. · Behavioural brain research · 2023
A growing body of research suggests that non-invasive transcutaneous stimulation of the auricular vagus nerve (taVNS) may drive neural plasticity for low-level reading skills such as speech sound perception and letter-sound learning, but it is unknown whether taVNS can improve higher level skills...
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation improves gait and cortical activity in Parkinson's disease: A pilot randomized study
Zhang et al. · CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023
PD patients showed instable gait with insufficient range of motion during usual walking.
Continuous vagus nerve stimulation exerts beneficial effects on rats with experimentally induced Parkinson's disease: Evidence suggesting involvement of a vagal afferent pathway
Hosomoto et al. · Brain stimulation · 2023
Intact VNS and afferent VNS reduced the behavioral impairments in cylinder test and methamphetamine-induced rotation test, which were accompanied by reduced inflammatory glial cells in substantia nigra with the increased density of the rate limiting enzyme in locus coeruleus.
Safety and tolerability of adjunct non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in people with parkinson's: a study protocol
Sigurdsson et al. · BMC neurology · 2023
Recent theories suggest that symptoms of PD may arise due to spread of Lewy-body pathology where the process begins in the gut and propagate transynaptically via the vagus nerve to the central nervous system.
Multi-session transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for Parkinson's disease: evaluating feasibility, safety, and preliminary efficacy
Lench et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2023
taVNS treatment was feasible, however, daily in-office visits were reported as being burdensome for participants.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Modulates Phase-Amplitude Coupling in Thalamic Local Field Potentials
Warsi et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2023
Active VNS was associated with increased PAC between theta, alpha, and beta phase and gamma amplitude in CM (q < 0.05).
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled, Clinical Trial of Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Active Rheumatoid Arthritis
Baker et al. · Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023
A total of 113 patients (mean age 54 years; 82% female) enrolled, and 101 patients (89.4%) completed week 12.
Is There a Role for Vagal Nerve Stimulation in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Fleischmann · Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023
Study examining rheumatoid arthritis using iVNS.
[Stimulation of the vagus nerve as a therapeutic principle. German Version]
Seifert et al. · Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2023
Many studies have demonstrated that chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with reduced parasympathetic and increased sympathetic activities.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review of Clinical Treatment Protocols and Stimulation Parameters
Sigrist et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2023
We identified a total of 15 publications (four study protocols) and 15 registered trials applying tVNS in pediatric patients (<18 years of age).
Efficacy and safety of vagus nerve stimulation on upper extremity motor function in patients with stroke: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Wei et al. · NeuroRehabilitation · 2023
Eight RCTs involving 266 patients were analyzed, of which five used direct VNS and three transcutaneous auricular VNS.
[Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on functional connectivity in the related brain regions of patients with depression based on the resting-state fMRI]
Ma et al. · Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion · 2023
The scores of HAMD and HAMA in the depression group were all higher than those in the normal group (P<0.05).
Acceleration of postoperative recovery with brief intraoperative vagal nerve stimulation mediated
Maisiyiti et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
(1) iVNS shortened initiate times to water and food intake (p = 0.004) and increased the number of fecal pellets (p < 0.05, vs.
Anti-inflammatory effects of vagus nerve stimulation in pediatric patients with epilepsy
Kaur et al. · Frontiers in immunology · 2023
The analysis showed downregulation of genes related to stress, inflammatory response, and immunity, suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect of VNS in epilepsy patients.
Effect of non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on cerebral motor excitability-Study protocol for a randomized, sham controlled trial
Herr et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2023
All investigations performed in the study were reviewed and approved by the local ethics committee of the University Medical Center Greifswald (study reference number: BB048/22).
Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation Improves Brain Lesion Volume and Neurobehavioral Outcomes in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury
Divani et al. · Journal of neurotrauma · 2023
The lesion volume for the higher dose nVNS group was significantly smaller than either the lower dose nVNS or the control groups on days 1 and 7 post-injury.
Exploring the potential of vagus nerve stimulation in treating brain diseases: a review of immunologic benefits and neuroprotective efficacy
Jin et al. · European journal of medical research · 2023
Recent studies have found that VNS can inhibit inflammation, promote neuroprotection, help maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, have multisystemic modulatory effects, and even transmit signals from the gut flora to the brain.
Electrical stimulation methods and protocols for the treatment of traumatic brain injury: a critical review of preclinical research
Ziesel et al. · Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2023
Studies with animal models address these questions and investigate beneficial long- and short-term changes mediated by these novel modalities.
Comparing vagus nerve stimulation and resective surgery outcomes in patients with co-occurring autism and epilepsy to patients with epilepsy alone: A population-based study
Subramaniam et al. · Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2023
Compared to patients with epilepsy alone, patients with autism and epilepsy who underwent either surgery showed no differences for in-hospital mortality, discharge status, mean LOS, hospitalization cost, and surgical/medical complications.
How to fail with paired VNS therapy
Hays et al. · Brain stimulation · 2023
In particular, the delivery of VNS paired with training to promote neural changes has demonstrated clinical success for stroke recovery and found far-reaching application in other domains, from autism to psychiatric disorders to normal learning.
Functional Connectivity Analysis of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) Using Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
Keatch et al. · IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · 2023
Varying the stimulation frequency led to alterations in different brain areas, which may suggest that personalized stimulation protocols can be developed for the targeted treatment of different medical conditions using tVNS.
Self-Regulatory Neuronal Mechanisms and Long-Term Challenges in Schizophrenia Treatment
Markiewicz-Gospodarek et al. · Brain sciences · 2023
Methods available for monitoring neuroplastic effects in vivo (e.g., fMRI, neuropeptides in serum), as well as unfavorable parameters (e.g., features of the metabolic syndrome), enable individualized monitoring of the effectiveness of long-term treatment of schizophrenia.
Stimulation of vagus nerve for patients with disorders of consciousness: a systematic review
Dong et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
A total of 1,269 articles were retrieved, and 10 studies met the inclusion criteria.
Current status and prospect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for disorders of consciousness
Wang et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
In this paper, we review the literature on taVNS and DOC to better understand the current status and development prospect of taVNS treament as a non-invasive neuromodulation method with sensitivity and/or specificity at the single subject.
Neuroinflammation mechanisms of neuromodulation therapies for anxiety and depression
Guo et al. · Translational psychiatry · 2023
This review provides a better understanding of the effective mechanism of neuromodulation therapies and indicates that inflammatory biomarkers may serve as a reference for the assessment of pathological conditions and treatment options in anxiety and depression.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of disorders of consciousness: mechanisms and applications
Wang et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
Beginning with an exploration of the vagus nerve's role in modulating brain function and consciousness, we then delve into the neuroprotective potential of taVNS demonstrated in animal models.
The efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for patients with minimally conscious state: a sham-controlled randomized double-blind clinical trial
Zhou et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
The scores for the active taVNS group in the CRS-R and GCS showed greater improvement over time compared to the sham taVNS group (CRS-R: 1-week, Z = -1.248, p = 0.212; 2-week, Z = -1.090, p = 0.276; 3-week, Z = -2.017, p = 0.044; 4-week, Z = -2.267, p = 0.023.
Optimizing the modulation paradigm of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in patients with disorders of consciousness: A prospective exploratory pilot study protocol
Zhai et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
Several studies have reported the effectiveness of taVNS in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC); however, differences in the modulation paradigm have led to inconsistent treatment outcomes.
Effects of simultaneous transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation on disorders of consciousness: a study protocol
Zhuang et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2023
In this regard, we propose to enhance from bottom to top the thalamic-cortical connection by using transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) and increase from top to bottom cortical-cortical connections using simultaneous high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-...
Added value of corpus callosotomy following vagus nerve stimulation in children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: A multicenter, multinational study
Roth et al. · Epilepsia · 2023
A total of 127 cases were reviewed (80 males).
Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates septic shock-induced cardiac injury in rats
Chen et al. · Physiological research · 2023
This study suggests that VNS contributes to the reduction of myocardial apoptosis and improvement of left ventricular function to attenuate septic shock-induced cardiac injury in rats.
Electrical stimulation of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus regulates inflammation without affecting the heart rate
Falvey et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023
Either left or right eDMNS at 250 μA and 500 μA decreased HR, compared with pre- and post-stimulation.
Targeted stimulation of the vagus nerve reduces renal injury in female mice with systemic lupus erythematosus
Shimoura et al. · Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2023
At 35 weeks, mean arterial pressure (MAP; mmHg) was increased in SLE mice compared to NZW mice, but selective activation of DMV neurons did not significantly alter MAP in either group.
Neuroimmune Control of Inflammation in Acute Kidney Injury: From Mouse Models to Human Disease
Husain Syed et al. · Nephron · 2023
The ultimate goal of these trials is to design strategies using noninvasive approaches, such as splenic pulsed ultrasonography, to prevent or attenuate inflammatory conditions at the bedside, including AKI.
Neuropsychiatric Lyme Disease and Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Biniaz-Harris et al. · Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
If well-controlled double-blinded studies demonstrate that transcutaneous auricular VNS helps patients with chronic syndromes such as persistent symptoms after Lyme disease, taVNS will be a welcome addition to the treatment options for these patients.
Optimizing Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Contreras et al. · JMIR research protocols · 2023
On November 2022, data collection was initiated.
Autonomic Nervous System Regulation Effects of Epipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Associated With Chronic Epipharyngitis
Hirobumi · Cureus · 2023
The CFS group had an increased baseline heart rate compared to the control group, and the CFS group had a greater increase in parasympathetic activity and a decrease in heart rate with nasal abrasion.
Complementary and alternative medicine for long COVID: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Yang et al. · Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2023
A total of 14 RCTs with 1195 participants were included in this review.
Adjunctive cenobamate in highly active and ultra-refractory focal epilepsy: A "real-world" retrospective study
Peña-Ceballos et al. · Epilepsia · 2023
Fifty-seven patients received cenobamate for at least 3 months (median duration, 11 months).
Achieving symptom relief in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis by targeting the neuro-immune interface and optimizing disease tolerance
Rodriguez et al. · Oxford open immunology · 2023
By performing longitudinal, systems-level monitoring of the blood immune system in these patients, we uncover signs of chronic immune activation in ME, as well as immunological correlates of improvement that center around gut-homing immune cells and reduced inflammation.
Putative role of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in cancer pathology and immunotherapy: Can this be a hidden treasure, especially for the elderly?
Abdullahi et al. · Cancer medicine · 2023
Cancer is globally a disease of significant public health concern owing to its prevalence, and association with morbidity and mortality.
Neuronal-Activity Dependent Mechanisms of Small Cell Lung Cancer Progression
Savchuk et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023
Taken together, these studies illustrate that neuronal activity plays a crucial role in dictating SCLC pathogenesis in both primary and metastatic sites.
Vagus nerve stimulation rescues persistent pain following orthopedic surgery in adult mice
Wu et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023
Postoperative pain is a major clinical problem imposing a significant burden on our patients and society.
Low-intensity transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation reduces postoperative ileus after laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer: a randomized controlled trial
Ru et al. · Minerva anestesiologica · 2023
The incidence of POI in the A group was 6.25% and 20% in the B group (P=0.022).
Exploratory Investigation of the Effects of Tactile Stimulation Using Air Pressure at the Auricular Vagus Nerve on Heart Rate Variability
Lee et al. · Annals of rehabilitation medicine · 2023
Two-way repeated measures ANOVA indicated a significant main effect of time on HR (p=0.001), SDNN (p=0.003), and RMSSD (p<0.001).
Effect of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on stress-reactive neuroendocrine measures in a sample of persons with temporal lobe epilepsy
Doerr et al. · Epilepsia open · 2023
There was a dampened salivary cortisol (sCort) decrease during tVNS (time × condition effect: F[2.38, 38.15] = 6.50, P = 0.002, partial η2 = 0.29).
Safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Kim et al. · Scientific Reports · 2022
Across 177 studies and 6,322 subjects, taVNS was generally well-tolerated with mild and transient side effects. Serious adverse events were rare and not clearly attributable to stimulation.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation could improve the effective rate on the quality of sleep in the treatment of primary insomnia: a randomized control trial
Wu et al. · Brain Sciences · 2022
One month of taVNS improved the effective rate of treatment for primary insomnia compared to sham, adding to evidence that taVNS produces clinically meaningful improvements in sleep quality.
Manipulation of the inflammatory reflex as a therapeutic strategy
Kelly et al. · Cell Reports Medicine · 2022
Comprehensive review of how the inflammatory reflex operates through vagal and splenic nerve signalling to modulate macrophage cytokine production via alpha7 nicotinic receptors.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for prevention of migraine: The multicenter, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled PREMIUM II trial
Najib et al. · Cephalalgia · 2022
Active nVNS achieved a 44.87% responder rate versus 26.81% for sham (P=0.048), with migraine with aura patients showing a therapeutic gain exceeding 100% over sham.
The efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A double blinded randomized clinical trial
Wang et al. · Brain Stimulation · 2022
After 24 weeks, taVNS significantly improved MoCA scores, verbal learning, naming ability, and sleep quality in patients with mild cognitive impairment, suggesting potential to delay cognitive decline.
Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on delayed neurocognitive recovery in elderly patients
Zhou et al. · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · 2022
taVNS reduced the incidence of delayed neurocognitive recovery from 27.1% to 10% in elderly patients undergoing joint arthroplasty, with lower post-operative inflammatory markers.
Vagus nerve stimulation paired with rehabilitation for stroke: Implantation experience from the VNS-REHAB trial
Liu et al. · Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2022
The rate of surgery-related adverse events was lower than previously reported for VNS implantation for epilepsy and depression.
A pilot randomized controlled trial of supervised, at-home, self-administered transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) to manage long COVID symptoms
Badran et al. · Research square · 2022
Although our trial was not powered to determine efficacy as an intervention in a heterogenous population, the trends in the data suggest taVNS may have a mild to moderate effect in reducing mental fatigue symptoms in a subset of individuals.
A pilot randomized controlled trial of supervised, at-home, self-administered transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) to manage long COVID symptoms
Badran et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2022
Four-weeks of at-home self-administered taVNS (two, one-hour sessions daily, delivered at suprathreshold intensities) was feasible and safe.
An assessor-blinded, randomized comparative trial of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) combined with cranial electroacupuncture vs. citalopram for depression with chronic pain
Li et al. · Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022
Both the taVNS combined with electroacupuncture and citalopram groups had significant reductions in depressive and pain symptoms, as indicated by the decrease in MARDS and SF-MPQ scores.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation - A brief introduction and overview
Hilz · Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2022
However, several sensory nerves with variable fiber-density and significant overlap innervate the outer ear: the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (ABVN), the auriculotemporal nerve, greater auricular nerve, and to some extent the lesser occipital nerve.
A Comprehensive Review of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Depression
Austelle et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2022
VNS was described in the literature in the early 1900s; however, gained traction in the 1980s as Zabara and colleagues developed an implantable neurocybernetic prosthesis to treat epilepsy.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulators: a review of past, present, and future devices
Wang et al. · Expert review of medical devices · 2022
As an emerging neuromodulation therapy, transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has been proven to be safe and effective for epilepsy, major depressive disorders, insomnia, glucose metabolic disorders, pain, stroke, post stroke rehabilitation, anxiety, fear, cognitive impairment,...
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation augments postprandial inhibition of ghrelin
Kozorosky et al. · Physiological reports · 2022
No significant effects of taVNS on heart rate variability and baroreceptor-heart rate reflex sensitivity and only minor effects on glucotropic hormones were observed.
Auricular Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Acutely Modulates Brain Connectivity in Mice
Brambilla-Pisoni et al. · Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022
We aimed to study the effects of atVNS on brain connectivity, under conditions that improved memory persistence in CD-1 male mice.
Treatment-resistant bipolar depression: concepts and challenges for novel interventions
Diaz et al. · Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2022
More research is warranted, mainly focusing on personalizing current treatments to optimize response and remission rates.
Vagus nerve stimulation: An update on a novel treatment for treatment-resistant depression
Kamel et al. · Journal of the neurological sciences · 2022
Early clinical trials including the D01, D02, and D03 trials showed promising evidence of the antidepressant efficacy and durability of VNS as a treatment for TRD.
Adjunctive vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a preliminary study
Zhang et al. · International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice · 2022
After 3 months of treatment with VNS, the antidepressant response and remission rates were 42.9% and 28.6%, respectively.
Transcutaneous Vagal Nerve Stimulation in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Feasibility Study
Evensen et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2022
Compliance threshold was reached for 80.0% of the 20 included participants.
An Overview of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation: Basic Principles and Clinical Applications
Bhattacharya et al. · The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques · 2022
Further research is needed to expand the clinical utility of NIBS and test the combination of different modes of NIBS to optimize neuromodulation induced clinical benefits.
A Delphi-method-based consensus guideline for definition of treatment-resistant depression for clinical trials
Sforzini et al. · Molecular psychiatry · 2022
This report will feed into one of the main objectives of the EUropean Patient-cEntric clinicAl tRial pLatforms, Innovative Medicines Initiative (EU-PEARL, IMI) MDD project, to design a protocol for platform trials of new medications for TRD/PRD.
Practical considerations in epilepsy neurostimulation
Simpson et al. · Epilepsia · 2022
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), deep brain stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (DBS-ANT), and responsive neurostimulation (RNS) are all supported by randomized controlled trials that show safety and a significant impact on seizure reduction, as well as a suggestion of reduction in ...
The role of vagus nerve stimulation in genetic etiologies of drug-resistant epilepsy: a meta-analysis
Hajtovic et al. · Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics · 2022
The authors identified 125 articles, of which 47 with 216 nonduplicate patients were analyzed.
Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Lim et al. · Neurosurgical review · 2022
This remained significant for subgroup analyses of low-frequency VNS as the control, VNS modality, and after removing studies with moderate-to-high risk of bias.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in epilepsy patients enhances cooperative behavior in the prisoner's dilemma task
Oehrn et al. · Scientific reports · 2022
This study provides evidence for the causal influence of vagus nerve activity on social interaction.
Vagus nerve stimulation for focal seizures
Panebianco et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
VNS consists of chronic, intermittent electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve, delivered by a programmable pulse generator.
Short- and Long-Term Response of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mao et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2022
A total of 61 studies, featuring 5223 patients, were included in our study.
Vagus nerve stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy induced by tuberous sclerosis complex
Tong et al. · Epilepsy & behavior : E&B · 2022
The follow-up duration for the 17 patients who underwent VNS treatment ranged from 0.5 to 10 years (mean ± SD: 4.1 ± 3.2 years).
Neurostimulation in people with drug-resistant epilepsy: Systematic review and meta-analysis from the ILAE Surgical Therapies Commission
Touma et al. · Epilepsia · 2022
We identified 30 eligible studies, six of which were RCTs.
Long-term outcome of vagus nerve stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy using continuous assessment, with a note on mortality
Polkey et al. · Seizure · 2022
Of 464 patients, 171 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were divided into three groups: a) Responders (n = 81); b) non-responders (n = 80) and c) others (n = 10), the latter showing a late step-wise change (six improved; four deteriorated).
Norwegian population-based study of long-term effects, safety, and predictors of response of vagus nerve stimulation treatment in drug-resistant epilepsy: The NORPulse study
Kostov et al. · Epilepsia · 2022
The cumulative probability of ≥50% seizure reduction was 60%; however, 15% of patients showed a fluctuating course.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation increases eye-gaze on salient facial features and oxytocin release
Zhu et al. · Psychophysiology · 2022
Saliva oxytocin concentrations increased significantly after taVNS compared to sham stimulation, while resting pupil size did not.
[Clinical Application of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation]
Yamamoto · Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo · 2022
Although several pilot studies were performed before this trial and showed that taVNS was safe, well tolerated, and feasible for long-term treatment, no statistically significant difference was observed between the high- and low-stimulation groups, and further studies are warranted to gain a deep...
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Differently Modifies Functional Brain Networks of Subjects With Different Epilepsy Types
von Wrede et al. · Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022
Impact of such a non-pharmaceutical intervention on clinical decision-making in the treatment of different epilepsy types needs to be assessed in future studies.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation and the realm of its therapeutic hopes and physiologic enigmas
Hilz et al. · Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2022
This Special Issue of Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic & Clinical provides an introduction and overview on basic aspects as well as special topics of tVNS.
Investigating the Effect of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Cortical Excitability in Healthy Males
Mertens et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2022
MEP and TEP measurements were not affected by taVNS in this study.
Brain stimulation and other biological non-pharmacological interventions in mental disorders: An umbrella review
Rosson et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022
We selected 102 meta-analyses.
Comparative Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation vs Citalopram for Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Trial
Li et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2022
The HAM-D17 scores were reduced in both treatment groups; however, there was no significant group-by-time interaction (95% CI: -0.07 to 0.15, p = 0.79).
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Combined With Slow Breathing: Speculations on Potential Applications and Technical Considerations
Szulczewski · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2022
Both taVNS and slow breathing are considered promising add-on therapeutic approaches for anxiety and depressive disorders, chronic pain, cardiovascular diseases, and insomnia.
Neuromodulation for Chronic Daily Headache
Coppola et al. · Current pain and headache reports · 2022
We reviewed the literature that explored the use of central and peripheral neuromodulation techniques for chronic daily headache (CDH) treatment.
Cluster Headache: Rapid Evidence Review
Malu et al. · American family physician · 2022
Newer treatments for cluster headache include galcanezumab, neurostimulation, and somatostatin receptor agonists.
Vagus nerve stimulation and inflammation: expanding the scope beyond cytokines
Falvey · Bioelectronic medicine · 2022
In this letter, I discuss a manuscript that describes how vagus nerve stimulation promotes resolution of inflammation via regulating the balance of specialised pro-resolving mediator levels and neutrophil activity.
Vagus nerve stimulation modulates hippocampal inflammation caused by continuous stress in rats
Namgung et al. · Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022
Levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the gastric and hippocampal tissues were significantly increased in CS animals compared to the untreated control and downregulated by acute VNS (aVNS).
Percutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Reduces Inflammation in Critical Covid-19 Patients
Seitz et al. · Frontiers in physiology · 2022
aVNS proved to be a safe clinical procedure and could effectively supplement treatment of critical Covid-19 patients while preventing devastating over-inflammation.
Mesenchymal stromal cells alleviate acute respiratory distress syndrome through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
Zhang et al. · Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022
However, there is significant heterogeneity in their therapeutic efficacy, largely owing to the incomplete understanding of the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic activities of MSCs.
Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and COVID-19
Mehranfard et al. · BioImpacts : BI · 2022
While tobacco smoking has been considered an aggravating factor in the severity of COVID-19 infections, it has been suggested by some that the nicotine derived from tobacco could lessen the severity of COVID-19 infections.
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in humans: State-of-the-art review and future directions
Alen · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022
Substantial limitations and gaps in the literature are identified, and promising directions for future research are highlighted.
Advances in Our Clinical Understanding of Autonomic Regulation Therapy Using Vagal Nerve Stimulation in Patients Living With Heart Failure
Konstam et al. · Frontiers in physiology · 2022
The ANTHEM-HF, INOVATE-HF, and NECTAR-HF clinical studies of autonomic regulation therapy (ART) using vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) systems have collectively provided dose-ranging information enabling the development of several working hypotheses on how stimulation frequency can be utilized durin...
Implantation of a vagus nerve stimulator for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: An educational video
Al Rameni et al. · JTCVS techniques · 2022
Following successful implantation and activation of the VNS system, the patient was discharged to home on the same day.
Neuromodulation of Inflammation to Treat Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Stavrakis et al. · Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022
While the early mitral inflow Doppler velocity to the early diastolic mitral annulus velocity ratio did not differ between groups, global longitudinal strain and tumor necrosis factor-α levels at 3 months were significantly improved in the active compared with the sham arm (-18.6%±2.5% versus -16...
Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Atrial Fibrillation: Revealing the Paradox
Kharbanda et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2022
VNS exhibits both pro-arrhythmogenic and anti-arrhythmogenic effects.
Hybrid nanogenerator based closed-loop self-powered low-level vagus nerve stimulation system for atrial fibrillation treatment
Sun et al. · Science bulletin · 2022
In the in vivo effect verification study, the atrial fibrillation duration significantly decreased by 90% after LL-VNS therapy, and myocardial fibrosis and atrial connexin levels were effectively improved.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) in stroke: the evidence, challenges and future directions
Baig et al. · Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2022
A significant proportion of stroke survivors are left with long term neurological deficits that have a detrimental effect on personal wellbeing and wider socioeconomic impacts.
Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Cerebral Stroke: Current Status and Future Perspectives
Li et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022
Recent studies have demonstrated that VNS can facilitate the benefits of rehabilitation interventions.
Efficacy and Safety of Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Upper Limb Motor Recovery After Stroke. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Ramos-Castaneda et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2022
Eight studies evaluating VNS effects on motor function in stroke patients were included, of which 4 used implanted and 4 transcutaneous VNS.
Effect of vagus nerve stimulation paired with rehabilitation for upper limb function improvement after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Zhao et al. · International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation · 2022
Overall, the present meta-analysis revealed a significant effect of VNS on Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity (FMA-UE, MD = 3.59; 95% CI, 2.55-4.63; P < 0.01) when compared with the control group.
Paired vagus nerve stimulation for treatment of upper extremity impairment after stroke
Dawson et al. · International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2022
A recent pivotal Phase III trial showed that VNS paired with rehabilitation led to improvements in upper extremity impairment and function in people with moderate-to-severe arm weakness for an average of 3 years after ischemic stroke.
Two-Week Cervical Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Chronic Pancreatitis Patients Induces Functional Connectivity Changes of Limbic Structures
Muthulingam et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2022
Sixteen CP patients (mean age 56.6 ± 9.4 years) completed the trial.
Non-Invasive Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia Symptoms: A Study Protocol
Molero-Chamizo et al. · Brain sciences · 2022
Since both vagal branches project to the NST, we do not predict significantly different results between the two stimulation protocols.
Trans-auricular vagus nerve stimulation to reduce perioperative pain and morbidity: protocol for a single-blind analyser-masked randomised controlled trial
Patel et al. · BJA open · 2022
This phase 2b study will explore whether noninvasive autonomic neuromodulation may reduce pain or morbidity using trans-auricular vagus nerve stimulation, providing proof-of-concept data for a non-pharmacological, generalisable approach to improve perioperative outcomes.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation: A Personalized Therapeutic Approach for Crohn's and Other Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Cirillo et al. · Cells · 2022
Therefore, it has been suggested that appropriate neuroprosthetic stimulation of the vagus nerve could lead to the modulation of the inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and consequent long-term control of these autoimmune diseases.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Role of Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Fornaro et al. · Journal of clinical medicine · 2022
A significant percentage of IBD patients lose response to treatments or experience side effects.
Electrical neuromodulation therapy for inflammatory bowel disease
Yasmin et al. · World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2022
Although there has been a significant advancement in treatments, a considerable number of patients do not respond to it or have severe side effects.
Vagus nerve-mediated intestinal immune regulation: therapeutic implications of inflammatory bowel diseases
Mikami et al. · International immunology · 2022
In this review, we describe the role of the VN in the regulation of intestinal immunity, and we discuss novel therapeutic approaches for IBDs that target neuroimmune interactions.
Anti-inflammatory effects of vagal nerve stimulation with a special attention to intestinal barrier dysfunction
Bonaz · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2022
We also review the existing evidence of the effects VNS on intestinal permeability in models such as burn intestinal injury and traumatic brain injury, which pave the way for future clinical trials in IBD, IBS, and celiac disease.
Vagus nerve stimulation for conservative therapy-refractive epilepsy and depression
Möbius et al. · Laryngo- rhino- otologie · 2022
Currently, it is not possible to differentiate between potential responders and non-responders before therapy/implantation.The current technical developments of the iVNS generators of the new generation like closed-loop system (cardiac-based seizure detection, CBSD) reduce also the risk for SUDEP...
Understanding Mental Health Needs and Gathering Feedback on Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Potential PTSD Treatment among 9/11 Responders Living with PTSD Symptoms 20 Years Later: A Qualitative Approach
Schwartz et al. · International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
The findings highlight the need for additional treatment options to reduce PTSD symptoms in this population and provide key formative phase input for the pilot clinical trial of taVNS.
Timing of vagus nerve stimulation during fear extinction determines efficacy in a rat model of PTSD
Souza et al. · Scientific reports · 2022
Rats that received Between or Dispersed VNS showed modest improvement in conditioned fear at the retention test.
Robust Estimation of Respiratory Variability Uncovers Correlates of Limbic Brain Activity and Transcutaneous Cervical Vagus Nerve Stimulation in the Context of Traumatic Stress
Gazi et al. · IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2022
The single-lag unscaled autocorrelation of respiration rate correlated negatively with left amygdala activity and positively with right rostromedial prefrontal cortex (rmPFC) activity for non-PTSD; it also correlated negatively with left and right insulae activity and positively with right rmPFC ...
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Modulates the Prefrontal Cortex in Chronic Insomnia Patients: fMRI Study in the First Session
He et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2022
The scores of PSQI (p < 0.01) and FFS (p < 0.05) decreased after 4 weeks in the CI group.
[Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on nocturnal autonomic nervous function in primary insomnia patients]
Zhao et al. · Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion · 2022
After treatment, the score of each item and the total score of PSQI and SL were all reduced as compared with those before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.001); SE, N3%, LF, HF, LF/HF, SDNN, NNMean and RMSSD were all increased compared with those before treatment (P<0.001, P<0.01).
[Modulation of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on default mode network in patients with primary insomnia]
Zhang et al. · Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion · 2022
After treatment, the total score of PSQI in PI patients was lower than that before treatment (P<0.01).
Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation for COVID-19: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial (SAVIOR I)
Tornero et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2022
Of the 110 participants who were enrolled and randomly assigned, 97 (nVNS, n = 47; SoC, n = 50) had sufficient available data and comprised the evaluable population.
Case Report: Auricular vagus nerve stimulation possibly alleviates COVID-19 disease on a high-risk patient
Széles et al. · Frontiers in physiology · 2022
Results: The multimorbid high-risk patient, who was expected to go through a severe course of the COVID-19 disease, showed hardly any symptoms during ongoing aVNS therapy, while other family members, being much younger and healthy suffered from a more serious course with headache, pneumonia and g...
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation effects on inflammatory markers and clinical evolution of patients with COVID-19: a pilot randomized clinical trial
Uehara et al. · Expert review of medical devices · 2022
After treatment, significant intragroup differences were found in the CRP (p = 0.01), IL-6 (p = 0.01), and cortisol (p = 0.01) levels; however, in the comparison between the groups, only the CRP level was statistically lower for the a-taVNS (p = 0.04).
Different Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Parameters Modulate the Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Inflammation in Mice
Go et al. · Biomedicines · 2022
The taVNS-promoted CAP activity significantly recovered LPS-induced tissue injuries (lung, spleen, and intestine) and decreased inflammatory cytokine levels and tissue-infiltrated immune cells.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Improves Inflammation but Does Not Interfere with Cardiac Modulation and Clinical Symptoms of Individuals with COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Corrêa et al. · Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
Results: There was significant reduction in CRP −23.9%, (95% CI −46.3 to −1.4) and IL-6 −37.7%, (95% CI −57.6 to −17.7) for the a-taVNS group.
Obesity and gut-microbiota-brain axis: A narrative review
Asadi et al. · Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022
The gut-brain axis (GBA), a bidirectional connection between the gut microbiota and brain, influences physiological function and behavior through three different pathways.
Five weeks of intermittent transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation shape neural networks: a machine learning approach
Obst et al. · Brain imaging and behavior · 2022
We found a classification accuracy (CA) of 79 % in a subset of four brainstem regions suggesting that tVNS leads to lasting changes in brain networks.
Blood glucose modulation and safety of efferent vagus nerve stimulation in a type 2 diabetic rat model
Payne et al. · Physiological reports · 2022
Following 5 weeks of implantation, eVNS was still effective, resulting in significantly decreased glycemia (-1.7 ± 0.6 mM h, p = 0.003) during 1 h of eVNS.
Vagus nerve stimulation drives selective circuit modulation through cholinergic reinforcement
Bowles et al. · Neuron · 2022
This suggests that VNS may accelerate motor refinement in M1 via cholinergic signaling, opening new avenues for optimizing VNS to target specific disease-relevant circuitry.
Vagus nerve stimulation-induced cognitive enhancement: Hippocampal neuroplasticity in healthy male rats
Olsen et al. · Brain stimulation · 2022
Stimulated rats exhibited improved performance in NOR (p < 0.05, n = 12) and PAT (p < 0.05, n = 14).
Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Potential Therapy in Early Alzheimer's Disease: A Review
Vargas-Caballero et al. · Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022
Whether invasive or non-invasive VNS can produce a significant improvement on memory function and whether its effects can modify the progression of AD will require further investigation.
Effect of Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Attention and Working Memory in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review
Aniwattanapong et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2022
We identified 20 studies reporting VNS effects on attention and working memory in patients with epilepsy or mood disorders.
Acute Vagus Nerve Stimulation Facilitates Short Term Memory and Cognitive Flexibility in Rats
Driskill et al. · Brain sciences · 2022
Our results indicate that acute VNS can improve memory and cognitive flexibility relative to Sham-stimulation, and these effects are independent of unspecific VNS-induced changes in locomotion or anxiety.
The potential of invasive and non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation to improve verbal memory performance in epilepsy patients
Mertens et al. · Scientific reports · 2022
It has been demonstrated that acute vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) improves word recognition memory in epilepsy patients.
Right vagus nerve stimulation improves motor behavior by exerting neuroprotective effects in Parkinson's disease rats
Wang et al. · Annals of translational medicine · 2022
A markedly lower distance traveled and rearing number was observed in the rotenone, rotenone + sham, and rotenone + RVNS groups compared to the vehicle group.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation modulates subthalamic beta activity in Parkinson's disease
Torrecillos et al. · Brain stimulation · 2022
Study examining parkinson's disease using iVNS.
Microbiota in neuroinflammation and synaptic dysfunction: a focus on Alzheimer's disease
Bairamian et al. · Molecular neurodegeneration · 2022
There is strong increasing evidence supporting a role for the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, including effects on synaptic dysfunction and neuroinflammation, which contribute to cognitive decline.
Abdominal vagus nerve stimulation alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in rats
Payne et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022
Despite therapeutic advances, a significant proportion of RA patients are resistant to pharmacological treatment.
Modulating Heart Rate Variability through Deep Breathing Exercises and Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation: A Study in Healthy Participants and in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis or Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Jensen et al. · Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
The findings support a potential use of VNS as a new treatment approach, but the clinical effects need to be investigated in future studies.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Combined with Rehabilitation Training in the Intervention of Upper Limb Movement Disorders After Stroke: A Systematic Review
Yan et al. · Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2022
Total of 101 participants from 4 studies were included in this systematic review.
The Adjunct of Electric Neurostimulation to Rehabilitation Approaches in Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review With Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Ahmed et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2022
We included 38 RCTs with 1261 participants.
Cognitive function and brain activation before and after transcutaneous cervical vagus nerve stimulation in healthy adults: A concurrent tcVNS-fMRI study
Zhang et al. · Frontiers in psychology · 2022
The present study showed that tcVNS had beneficial effects on cognitive performance, mainly improving memory and language skills and attention.
Vagus nerve afferent stimulation: Projection into the brain, reflexive physiological, perceptual, and behavioral responses, and clinical relevance
Komisaruk et al. · Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2022
In the present review, we address these multiple roles of the afferent vagus under normal and pathological conditions, based on both animal and human evidence.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve immediate stimulation treatment for treatment-resistant depression: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Ma et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2022
Following taVNS stimulation treatment, TRD patients showed significantly reduced ReHo in the medial orbital frontal cortex (mOFC) (F = 18.06, P < 0.0001), ANCOVA of the mOFC-Based FC images revealed a significant interaction effect on the left inferior parietal gyrus (IPG) and left superior margi...
Meditative-based diaphragmatic breathing vs. vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of fibromyalgia-A randomized controlled trial: Body vs. machine
Paccione et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2022
No significant across-group changes in heart rate variability were found.
Vagus nerve stimulation outcome prediction: from simple parameters to advanced models
Chrastina et al. · Bratislavske lekarske listy · 2022
Keywords: epilepsy, vagus nerve stimulation, response predictor, EEG.
The Vagus Nerve Somatosensory-evoked Potential in Neural Disorders: Systematic Review and Illustrative Vignettes
Leon-Ariza et al. · Clinical EEG and neuroscience · 2022
Scalp responses marked as the VSEP showed high variability, low validity, and poor reproducibility.
Potential roles of vagus nerve stimulation on traumatic brain injury: Evidence from in vivo and clinical studies
Srihagulang et al. · Experimental neurology · 2022
Several previous studies also demonstrated that VNS has beneficial effects for TBI in animal models and patients.
Effects and neuroprotective mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation on cognitive impairment with traumatic brain injury in animal studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhang et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2022
Overall, nine studies were identified in animal models (36 mice, 268 rats, and 27 rabbits).
Leveraging Accelerometry as a Prognostic Indicator for Increase in Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms
Lambert et al. · Biosensors · 2022
Treating opioid use disorder (OUD) is a significant healthcare challenge in the United States.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Treatment for Fear and Anxiety in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Shivaswamy et al. · Journal of psychiatry and brain science · 2022
We also discuss potential uses of VNS to treat depression and epilepsy in the context of ASD, and noninvasive methods to stimulate the vagus nerve.
Therapeutic applications of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation with potential for application in neurodevelopmental or other pediatric disorders
Zhu et al. · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022
We conclude from these initial findings that taVNS may be a promising alternative treatment for pediatric disorders which do not respond to other interventions.
Effects of Stable Vagus Nerve Stimulation Efficacy on Autistic Behaviors in Ten Pediatric Patients With Drug Resistant Epilepsy: An Observational Study
Wang et al. · Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022
Their autistic behaviors, especially in language, social and self-help, were reduced at follow-up 2 compared to follow-up 1 (p = 0.01, p = 0.01, respectively).
Assessment of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Interventions for Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Tseng et al. · JAMA psychiatry · 2022
Forty-eight RCTs involving 2211 participants (mean [range] age, 38.7 [24.0-57.0] years; mean [range] proportion of female patients, 30.6% [0%-70.0%]) were included.
Understanding the interoception in schizophrenia through the window of Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Nayok et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022
Study examining schizophrenia using iVNS.
Modern neurosurgical techniques for psychiatric disorders
De Salles et al. · Progress in brain research · 2022
On this way, the concept of a multi-nodal network need to be embraced, enticing the collaboration of psychiatrists, psychologists, neurologists and neurosurgeons participating in multidisciplinary groups, conducting well-designed clinical trials.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in disorders of consciousness: A mini-narrative review
Jang et al. · Medicine · 2022
Furthermore, neuroimaging studies should be undertaken to elucidate the neurological mechanisms for the recovery of impaired consciousness in DOC and the lasting effects of taVNS on the brain.
Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Treatment of Disorders of Consciousness - Longitudinal Case Study
Osińska et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022
Scores obtained in a 2 months follow-up period, though, suggest this may not have been a lasting improvement.
Transcutaneous auricular vague nerve stimulation improved brain connection activity on patients of disorders of consciousness: a pilot study
Yifei et al. · Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2022
The energy of delta and beta bands is positively correlated with the brain activity of patients.
Preliminary Study of Vagus Nerve Magnetic Modulation in Patients with Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness
Wang et al. · Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2022
Both CRS-R and GCS results showed significant improvement in p DOC patients after VNMM treatment.
Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting Neutrophil Infiltration and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation
Zhang et al. · Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2022
We found that the treatment with AVNS significantly attenuated histopathological changes and neutrophil infiltration in the lung tissue, inhibited inflammatory cytokine elevations in serum and BALF, and decreased protein concentrations in BALF.
Threshold adjusted vagus nerve stimulation after asphyxial cardiac arrest results in neuroprotection and improved survival
Choudhary et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2022
In comparison to the control group, tVNS significantly improved 72 h survival and brain functional recovery after 12 minutes of CA.
Vagus nerve stimulation as a novel treatment for systemic lupus erythematous: study protocol for a randomised, parallel-group, sham-controlled investigator-initiated clinical trial, the SLE-VNS study
Zinglersen et al. · BMJ open · 2022
Recent studies suggest that transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has few side effects and beneficial effects on fatigue, pain, disease activity and organ function.
Sciatic-Vagal Nerve Stimulation by Electroacupuncture Alleviates Inflammatory Arthritis in Lyme Disease-Susceptible C3H Mice
Akoolo et al. · Frontiers in immunology · 2022
However, arthritic manifestations and chronic fatigue syndrome-like symptoms persist long after completion of antibiotic treatment regimens in a significant number of patients.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation-Induced Pseudo-Pheochromocytoma
Dutordoir et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2022
Study examining cancer support using taVNS.
Vocal Outcomes in Vagus Nerve Stimulation: A Laryngeal Pattern-Based Objective Analysis
Saibene et al. · Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation · 2022
Furthermore, VNS activation determined an overall worsening of the perceptual and acoustically analysed voice quality: the grade of hoarseness, instability and breathiness parameters of the GRBASI (grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, strain, instability) scale and the jitter, shimmer and noi...
The role of age-associated autonomic dysfunction in inflammation and endothelial dysfunction
Jiang et al. · GeroScience · 2022
Consequently, a pro-inflammatory state induced by reduced vagus output with age is associated with endothelial dysfunction and may significantly contribute to the development and propagation of atherosclerosis, heart failure, and hypertension.
Evaluation of Laryngeal Motor Neuropathy Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Mediated Evoked Potentials
Sadoughi et al. · The Laryngoscope · 2022
Enrolled subjects included 19 healthy volunteers, 5 subjects with VFP, and 4 subjects with VFPa.
Vagus nerve stimulation paired with rehabilitation for upper limb motor function after ischaemic stroke (VNS-REHAB): a randomised, blinded, pivotal, device trial
Dawson et al. · The Lancet · 2021
VNS paired with rehabilitation significantly improved upper limb motor function compared to rehabilitation with sham stimulation in chronic stroke patients at 90 days.
Direct and Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Treatment of Tinnitus: A Scoping Review
Yakunina & Nam · Frontiers in Neuroscience · 2021
Both direct and transcutaneous VNS show potential for tinnitus treatment, with evidence suggesting that VNS combined with sound therapy may reduce tinnitus severity.
Transcutaneous Cervical Vagal Nerve Stimulation in Patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A Pilot Study of Effects on PTSD Symptoms and Interleukin-6 Response to Stress
Bremner et al. · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · 2021
Transcutaneous cervical VNS reduced PTSD symptom severity by 17% and attenuated interleukin-6 inflammatory responses to stress in patients with PTSD.
Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on brain functional connectivity of medial prefrontal cortex in patients with primary insomnia
Zhang et al. · Anatomical Record · 2021
taVNS altered functional connectivity of the medial prefrontal cortex in patients with primary insomnia, providing a neuroimaging correlate for the sleep-improving effects of vagal stimulation.
Noninvasive Cervical Vagal Nerve Stimulation Alters Brain Activity During Traumatic Stress in Individuals With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Wittbrodt et al. · Psychosomatic Medicine · 2021
tcVNS increased anterior cingulate and hippocampus activation during trauma scripts, potentially indicating a reversal of neurobiological changes associated with PTSD.
Mechanisms underlying antidepressant effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on CUMS model rats based on hippocampal α7nAchR/NF-κB signal pathway
Wang et al. · Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021
Depression-like behavior and hippocampal neuroinflammation in CUMS model rats were manifested by down-regulated expression of α7nAchR, up-regulated expression of NF-κB p65 and IL-1β, and the morphology of microglia was in amoebic-like activated state.
Transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation improves functional dyspepsia by enhancing vagal efferent activity
Zhu et al. · American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2021
In comparison with sham-ES, acute taVNS improved gastric accommodation (P = 0.008), increased the percentage of normal gastric slow waves (%NSW, fasting: P = 0.010; fed: P = 0.007) and vagal activity (fasting: P = 0.056; fed: P = 0.026).
Feasibility study on transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation using millimeter waves
Song et al. · Biomedical physics & engineering express · 2021
The ta-VNS with a stimulus level of 13 dBm showed a significant increase in the LFP power in the NTS.
The burden and the challenge of treatment-resistant depression
Touloumis · Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki · 2021
The most widely accepted and used term of TRD refers to treatment resistance as treatment with at least two different antidepressants (of the same or different classes), administered in the right doses and for an adequate amount of time, with verified patient compliance to treatment which, howeve...
Vagus nerve stimulation in musculoskeletal diseases
Courties et al. · Joint bone spine · 2021
Several open-labeled small pilot studies have demonstrated that VNS, either invasive or transcutaneous, is associated with a significant decrease of RA disease activity.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Seizure Outcomes in Pediatric Refractory Epilepsy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Jain et al. · Neurology · 2021
A total of 101 studies were included.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy
von Wrede et al. · Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2021
Seizure severity scores were provided in 4 studies, showing significant improvement in two of them.
Treatment of Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Review
Ochoa et al. · Epilepsy currents · 2021
For SRSE (level U; 39 class IV studies total), insufficient evidence exists to support that perampanel, PGB, lidocaine, or acute vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is effective.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation influences gastric motility: A randomized, double-blind trial in healthy individuals
Steidel et al. · Brain stimulation · 2021
After HF taVNS, GMI was significantly higher than after LF stimulation (p = 0.005), which was mainly attributable to a higher amplitude of the peristaltic waves (p = 0.003).
Neuromodulation in epilepsy: state-of-the-art approved therapies
Ryvlin et al. · The Lancet. Neurology · 2021
Until then, neuromodulation could be considered for individuals with intractable seizures, ideally after the possibility of curative surgical treatment has been carefully assessed and ruled out or judged less appropriate.
The SANTÉ study at 10 years of follow-up: Effectiveness, safety, and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy
Salanova et al. · Epilepsia · 2021
One hundred ten implanted subjects accumulated a total of 938 device-years of experience (69 subjects during the LTFU phase and 61 subjects in the CAP phase).
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (t-VNS) and epilepsy: A systematic review of the literature
Lampros et al. · Seizure · 2021
A total of 10 studies with 350 patients were included.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) for migraine: an fMRI study
Zhang et al. · Regional anesthesia and pain medicine · 2021
Of the 59 patients that finished the study, those in the taVNS group had significantly reduced number of migraine days, pain intensity and migraine attack times after 4 weeks of treatment compared with the sham taVNS.
Acute Treatments for Episodic Migraine in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
VanderPluym et al. · JAMA · 2021
Evidence on triptans and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was summarized from 15 systematic reviews.
Neurostimulation Treatment in Chronic Cluster Headache-a Narrative Review
Evers et al. · Current pain and headache reports · 2021
These neurostimulation methods include deep brain stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, greater occipital nerve stimulation, sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, supraorbital nerve stimulation, and cervical spinal cord st...
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Reduces Indomethacin-Induced Small Bowel Inflammation
Caravaca et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021
Previous studies of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), primarily in colitis, have shown reduced inflammation after electrical or pharmacological activation of the vagus nerve, but the scope and kinetics of this effect are incompletely understood.
Electroacupuncture ameliorates intestinal inflammation by activating α7nAChR-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in postoperative ileus
Yang et al. · Theranostics · 2021
Mechanistically, EA activated the α7nAChR-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in macrophages which reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Acupuncture at ST36 Point: A Literature Review in Animal Studies
Oh et al. · Frontiers in immunology · 2021
In this review, we found that acupuncture at ST36 has clinical benefits in relieving inflammation through several mechanisms such as vagus nerve activation, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signaling, macrophage polarization, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and choline...
The role of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in septic cardiomyopathy
Wang et al. · International immunopharmacology · 2021
This review aims to discuss the CAP in attenuating inflammation and the potential role of α7nAChR activation in regulating immune and reducing inflammation in SCM.
Vagal stimulation in heart failure
Dusi et al. · Herz · 2021
Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) has a strong pathophysiological rationale as a potentially beneficial treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Chronic vagus nerve stimulation is associated with multi-year improvement in intrinsic heart rate recovery and left ventricular ejection fraction in ANTHEM-HF
Nearing et al. · Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2021
In response to chronic high-intensity vagus nerve stimulation (≥ 2.0 mA), intrinsic heart rate recovery (all time points, p < 0.0001), heart rate turbulence slope, an indicator of baroreceptor reflex gain (all, p ≤ 0.02), and left ventricular ejection fraction (all, p ≤ 0.04) were improved over s...
Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on cardiovascular autonomic control in health and disease
Carandina et al. · Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2021
Thus, in the present narrative review, we illustrate the main studies on tVNS performed in healthy subjects and in three key examples of CVDs, namely heart failure, hypertension and atrial fibrillation, highlighting the neuromodulatory effects of this technique.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Potential Adjuvant to Rehabilitation for Post-stroke Motor Speech Disorders
Morrison et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021
This partial restoration of function after rehabilitation suggests that there is a need for further intervention.
Vagus nerve stimulation for upper limb motor impairment after ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis
Xie et al. · Medicine · 2021
Six studies consisting of 234 patients were included in the analysis.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Upper Limb Function: Significant Difference, but Clinically Important?
Kwakkel et al. · Stroke · 2021
Study examining stroke rehabilitation using iVNS.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation reduces pain and fatigue in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled pilot trial
Aranow et al. · Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2021
taVNS and SS were well tolerated.
Ameliorating effects and mechanisms of transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation on abdominal pain and constipation
Shi et al. · JCI insight · 2021
ECG was recorded for the assessment of autonomic function.ResultsCompared with sham-taVNS, (a) taVNS increased CSBMs/week (P = 0.001) and decreased VAS pain score (P = 0.001); (b) improved quality of life (P = 0.020) and decreased IBS symptom score (P = 0.001); (c) improved rectoanal inhibitory r...
Therapeutic Potential of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Bonaz et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021
Bioelectronic medicine, via vagus nerve stimulation, may have an interest in this non-drug therapeutic approach as an alternative to conventional anti-TNF-alpha drugs, which are not devoid of side effects feared by patients.
The brain-gut axis, inflammatory bowel disease and bioelectronic medicine
Eberhardson et al. · International immunology · 2021
The suggested control of gut immunity by the brain-gut axis represents a novel therapeutic target suitable for bioelectronic intervention.
[Research progress and problems of neurobiological mechanisms of acupuncture underlying improvement of irritable bowel syndrome]
Chen et al. · Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research · 2021
For this reason, we should draw lessons from the research methods of systematic science to study the neurobiological mechanisms of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of IBS, including the detailed links of peripheral and central nervous transmission of acupoint stimulation signals, and ...
Activation of central adenosine A2B receptors mediate brain ghrelin-induced improvement of intestinal barrier function through the vagus nerve in rats
Ishioh et al. · Experimental neurology · 2021
We have recently demonstrated that ghrelin acts in the brain to improve leaky gut via the vagus nerve.
Advances in the Treatment of Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathways in Gastrointestinal Diseases by Electrical Stimulation of Vagus Nerve
Lei et al. · Digestion · 2021
Inflammatory diseases in the gastrointestinal tract are frequent and difficult to treat.
Vagus nerve stimulation promotes extinction generalization across sensory modalities
Souza et al. · Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2021
We recently found that VNS-paired extinction can also promote extinction generalization across different auditory cues.
Vagus nerve stimulation enhances fear extinction as an inverted-U function of stimulation intensity
Souza et al. · Experimental neurology · 2021
Pairing extinction training with moderate VNS intensity of 0.8 mA produced significant reduction in conditioned fear during extinction retention when rats were tested a week after VNS-paired extinction.
Transcutaneous Cervical Vagus Nerve Stimulation Inhibits the Reciprocal of the Pulse Transit Time's Responses to Traumatic Stress in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Gazi et al. · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2021
Thereby computing relative changes in 1/PTT, we find that tcVNS results in reduced 1/PTT responses to traumatic stress and the first minute of stimulation, compared to a sham control (corrected p < 0.05).
Brain Functional Mechanisms Determining the Efficacy of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Primary Insomnia
Wu et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021
The results showed that the HRV parameter values (i.e., root mean square of successive differences, percentage of adjacent NN intervals differing by >50 ms, and high frequency) of group A were higher than those of group B during continuous taVNS state.
Effect of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Protracted Alcohol Withdrawal Symptoms in Male Alcohol-Dependent Patients
Wang et al. · Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021
The results showed that the SDS and PSQI scores were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group.
Vagus nerve stimulation for tinnitus: A review and perspective
De Ridder et al. · Progress in brain research · 2021
These findings have been translated into a clinical approach, where a clinically significant, but moderate improvement, in tinnitus distress and a modest benefit in tinnitus loudness perception has been shown.
Tinnitus treatment by vagus nerve stimulation: A systematic review
Stegeman et al. · PloS one · 2021
Our search identified 9 primary studies of which 2 RCTs, 5 cohort studies and 2 case series or reports.
Selective Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Therapeutic Approach for the Treatment of ARDS: A Rationale for Neuro-Immunomodulation in COVID-19 Disease
Mastitskaya et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021
This has motivated this review in which we discuss the mechanisms of anti-inflammatory effects of VNS, progress in selective VNS techniques, and a possible application for ARDS.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation: A Potential Adjunct Therapy for COVID-19
Azabou et al. · Frontiers in medicine · 2021
Despite improved understanding of the pathophysiology, management, and the great efforts worldwide to produce effective drugs, death rates of COVID-19 patients remain unacceptably high, and effective treatment is unfortunately lacking.
Use of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation as an Adjuvant Therapy for the Depressive Symptoms of COVID-19: A Literature Review
Guo et al. · Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021
Our review suggests that the link between anti-inflammatory processes and brain circuits could be a potential target for treating COVID-19-related multiorgan damage, as well as depressive symptoms using taVNS.
Auricular Neuromodulation for Mass Vagus Nerve Stimulation: Insights From SOS COVID-19 a Multicentric, Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind French Pilot Study
Rangon et al. · Frontiers in physiology · 2021
Results: The AN procedure was well-tolerated without any reported side effects but with no significant improvement for the measures of both primary (p > 0.3) and secondary (p > 0.05) endpoints at the interim analysis.
Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: The importance of the vagus nerve for biopsychosocial resilience
Dedoncker et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021
With these biopsychosocial insights in mind, researchers and healthcare professionals will be better equipped to reduce risk for psychopathology and increase resilience during this challenging pandemic period and beyond.
Modulation of visual processing of food by transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS)
Alicart et al. · Brain imaging and behavior · 2021
We found significant activations in core areas of the vagal afferent pathway, including left brainstem, thalamus, temporal pole, amygdala, insula, hippocampus, and supplementary motor area for the interaction between ratings (high vs low) and session (verum vs sham stimulation).
Transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation inhibits hypothalamic P2Y1R expression and attenuates weight gain without decreasing food intake in Zucker diabetic fatty rats
Yu et al. · Science progress · 2021
Moreover, P2Y1R showed major expression in astrocytes of ZDF rats' hypothalamus.
Gut-brain communication by distinct sensory neurons differently controls feeding and glucose metabolism
Borgmann et al. · Cell metabolism · 2021
Bidirectional chemogenetic manipulations, coupled with behavioral and circuit mapping analysis, demonstrated that gut-innervating, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R)-expressing vagal afferents relay anorexigenic signals to parabrachial nucleus neurons that control meal termination.
Pancreatic β-Cells Communicate With Vagal Sensory Neurons
Makhmutova et al. · Gastroenterology · 2021
We found that pancreatic islets are innervated by vagal sensory axons expressing Phox2b, substance P, calcitonin-gene related peptide, and the serotonin receptor 5-HT3R.
Brain plasticity and vagus nerve stimulation
Keute et al. · Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2021
Experimental work suggests that VNS fosters a neurochemical milieu that facilitates synaptic plasticity and supports reinforcement mechanisms.
Acute vagus nerve stimulation enhances reversal learning in rats
Altidor et al. · Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2021
In separate rats, administration of the norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine also enhanced reversal learning in the same task, consistent with a noradrenergic mechanism through which VNS enhances cognitive flexibility.
Vagus nerve stimulation induces widespread cortical and behavioral activation
Collins et al. · Current biology : CB · 2021
Accumulating evidence suggests that VNS may modulate cortical state and plasticity through activation of broadly projecting neuromodulatory systems.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Improves Spatial Working Memory in Healthy Young Adults
Sun et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021
Results showed that offline taVNS could significantly increase hits in spatial 3-back task, whereas no effect was found in online taVNS or sham group.
Vagus nerve stimulation in brain diseases: Therapeutic applications and biological mechanisms
Wang et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021
Furthermore, current evidence showed promising results towards the treatment of more brain diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and stroke.
Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation in Parkinson's disease: current status and future prospects
Sigurdsson et al. · Expert review of medical devices · 2021
While dopaminergic medication is the standard therapy in PD, it provides limited symptomatic treatment and non-pharmacological interventions are currently being trialed.
Vagus nerve ultrasonography in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Abdelnaby et al. · Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2021
The estimate mean difference in four studies showed that the VN CSA was smaller in PD patients with 0.29 mm2 (95% CI, -0.52 to -0.06) and 0.23 mm2 (95% CI, -0.42 to -0.05) for right and left VNs respectively.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation with Mild Stimulation Intensity Exerts Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects in Parkinson's Disease Model Rats
Kin et al. · Biomedicines · 2021
VNS with 0.25-0.5 mA intensity remarkably improved behavioral impairment, preserved dopamine neurons, reduced inflammatory glial cells, and increased noradrenergic neurons.
Vagus nerve stimulation in rheumatoid arthritis
Staats et al. · The Lancet. Rheumatology · 2021
Study examining rheumatoid arthritis using iVNS.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for rheumatoid arthritis: a proof-of-concept study
Marsal et al. · The Lancet. Rheumatology · 2021
Of 35 patients screened for eligibility, 30 (86%) were enrolled at six centres in Spain between Dec 27, 2018, and Oct 24, 2019, of whom 27 (90%) completed the week 12 visit.
Vagus nerve stimulation in rheumatoid arthritis - Authors' reply
Genovese et al. · The Lancet. Rheumatology · 2021
Study examining rheumatoid arthritis using iVNS.
Technical Note: Modulation of fMRI brainstem responses by transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation
Borgmann et al. · NeuroImage · 2021
We found a significant response to acute taVNS stimulation, relative to the control condition, in downstream targets of vagal afferents, including the nucleus of the solitary tract, the substantia nigra, and the subthalamic nucleus.
Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation to reduce ileus after major colorectal surgery: early development study
Chapman et al. · Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland · 2021
Forty patients were randomized and one withdrew, leaving 39 for analysis.
The role of the vagus nerve in fibromyalgia syndrome
Martins et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021
A model of FM pathogenesis suggests biological and psychosocial variables interact to influence the genetic predisposition, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear.
[Intestinal flora and neurological disorders]
Tang et al. · Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology · 2021
It is expected the research on intestinal flora would lead to novel approaches for treatment of some neurological disorders.
Review of the treatment options for epilepsy in tuberous sclerosis complex: towards precision medicine
Schubert-Bast et al. · Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2021
Epilepsy occurs frequently and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality; however, the management is challenging due to the intractable nature of the seizures.
Scope for Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Traumatic Brain Injury
Kumaria et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2021
Study examining traumatic brain injury using iVNS.
Outpatient vagus nerve stimulation surgery in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy with severe intellectual disability
Mezjan et al. · Epilepsy & behavior : E&B · 2021
The male-to-female ratio was 0.9 and the mean age on surgery day was 23.1 years.
Neuroscience: Boosting the brain
Sirigu et al. · Current biology : CB · 2021
New research provides evidence that this effect results from extensive increase of physiological arousal and brain activation.
Neuroimmune system-mediated renal protection mechanisms
Inoue · Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2021
Previous animal studies demonstrated that vagus nerve stimulation reduced renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A viable option?
Zaehle et al. · Progress in brain research · 2021
At the system level, reduced availability of the neurotransmitters dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) but also γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been repeatedly demonstrated.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment and Increased Hippocampal Astrocytes in a Mouse Model of Gulf War Illness
Venkatasamy et al. · Neuroscience insights · 2021
The results also showed an increased number of GFAP-labeled astrocytes in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus that was ameliorated by VNS.
A neuroanatomical basis for electroacupuncture to drive the vagal-adrenal axis
Liu et al. · Nature · 2021
Our studies provide a neuroanatomical basis for the selectivity and specificity of acupoints in driving specific autonomic pathways.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Tumor-Related Epilepsy: Does It Make Sense?
Lam et al. · The Permanente journal · 2021
Here we discuss the evidence of using vagus nerve stimulation for refractory tumor-related epilepsy and its challenges and gaps moving forward.
Hydrogel-based electrodes for selective cervical vagus nerve stimulation
Horn et al. · Journal of neural engineering · 2021
changes in heart rate or blood pressure).Main results.This study demonstrates the potential for selective cervical VNS as a therapeutic approach for modulating distal nerve branches while reducing off target effects.Significance.This methodology could potentially be refined to treat gastrointesti...
Effect of aging on vagus somatosensory evoked potentials and ultrasonographic parameters of the vagus nerve
Laucius et al. · Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2021
No differences were found between the younger and older groups when comparing the average VN CSA (2.01 ± 0.20 vs 2.05 ± 0.20, mm2; p = 0.570) or the CSA of the right (2.08 ± 0.19 vs 2.17 ± 0.24, mm2; p = 0.233) or left VN (1.94 ± 0.26 vs 1.93 ± 0.24, mm2; p = 0.911).
Effect of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation at Auricular Concha for Insomnia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Jiao et al. · Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · 2020
Four weeks of taVNS significantly improved Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores and sleep efficiency in patients with chronic insomnia compared to sham stimulation.
The Impact of Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Pain and Life Quality in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome
Kutlu et al. · BioMed Research International · 2020
Auricular VNS was evaluated alongside exercise therapy in fibromyalgia patients, with improvements observed in select quality-of-life subparameters over 4 weeks of treatment.
Transcutaneous cervical vagal nerve stimulation reduces sympathetic responses to stress in posttraumatic stress disorder: A double-blind, randomized, sham controlled trial
Gurel et al. · Neurobiology of Stress · 2020
tcVNS attenuated sympathetic arousal during traumatic and mental stress in PTSD patients, decreasing heart rate and increasing peripheral vasodilation compared to sham over a three-day protocol.
Transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation blocks stress-induced activation of Interleukin-6 and interferon-gamma in posttraumatic stress disorder: A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial
Bremner et al. · Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health · 2020
tcVNS blocked stress-induced increases in IL-6 and IFN-gamma in PTSD patients, demonstrating anti-inflammatory effects of vagal stimulation during traumatic stress exposure.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Upper-Limb Rehabilitation After Stroke: One-Year Follow-up
Dawson et al. · Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair · 2020
At one-year follow-up, FMA-UE scores had increased by 9.2 points from baseline in the active VNS group, demonstrating durable long-term improvements with good treatment adherence.
A prospective, multi-center randomized, controlled, blinded trial of vagus nerve stimulation for difficult to treat depression: A novel design for a novel treatment
Conway et al. · Contemporary clinical trials · 2020
This RCT is unique for DTD studies: 1) large sample size and long study duration (one year of controlled comparison); 2) use of a percent time in response as the primary outcome measure, given the chronic illness and its fluctuating course (vis-à-vis meeting a response criteria at a single time p...
Efficacy and brain mechanism of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for adolescents with mild to moderate depression: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Xiao et al. · Pediatric investigation · 2020
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of taVNS for adolescents with mild to moderate depression.
Neural networks and the anti-inflammatory effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in depression
Liu et al. · Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020
Our previous research established that taVNS significantly increases amygdala-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex connectivity, which is associated with a reduction in depression severity.
Critical Review of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation: Challenges for Translation to Clinical Practice
Yap et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020
For tVNS to reach its full potential as a non-invasive and clinically relevant therapy, it is imperative that systematic studies be undertaken to reveal the mechanism of action and optimal stimulation modalities.
Adjunctive Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression: a Quantitative Analysis
Zhang et al. · The Psychiatric quarterly · 2020
Adjunctive VNS was significantly superior to the control group regarding study-defined response [SMD:1.96 (95%CI:1.60, 2.40), P < 0.00001, I2 = 0%].
Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: is this therapy distinct from other antidepressant treatments?
Vlaicu et al. · International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice · 2020
The patients with TRD may show acute and long-term benefit when treated with this technique.
Learnings from 30 years of reported efficacy and safety of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for epilepsy treatment: A critical review
Toffa et al. · Seizure · 2020
Subsequent modifications improved the safety and the efficacy of the system.
Vagus nerve stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy
Pérez-Carbonell et al. · Practical neurology · 2020
Long-term uncontrolled studies suggest better responses to VNS over time; however, the assessment of other potential predictive factors has led to contradictory results.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Wu et al. · ANZ journal of surgery · 2020
The results showed a significant difference in seizure frequency between treatment group and control group (Z = 2.14, P = 0.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) -6.31 to -0.27; I2 = 10%).
Long-term effects of vagus nerve stimulation in refractory pediatric epilepsy: A single-center experience
Yalnizoglu et al. · Epilepsy & behavior : E&B · 2020
A total of 58 children (male/female: 40/18) with a mean follow-up duration of 5.7 years (3 months to 20 years) were included.
International Consensus Based Review and Recommendations for Minimum Reporting Standards in Research on Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (Version 2020)
Farmer et al. · Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2020
The suggested items address specific technical aspects of the device and stimulation parameters.
Cervical Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Migraine and Cluster Headache: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Lai et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2020
In total, 983 patients were included from six trials.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for primary headache: A clinical update
Silberstein et al. · Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2020
Findings from animal and human studies have provided possible mechanistic explanations for nVNS efficacy in headache involving four core areas: Autonomic nervous system functions; cortical spreading depression inhibition; neurotransmitter regulation; and nociceptive modulation.
Specific vagus nerve stimulation parameters alter serum cytokine levels in the absence of inflammation
Tsaava et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2020
Surprisingly, we found that specific combinations of pulse width, pulse amplitude, and frequency produced significant increases of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF), while other parameters selectively lowered serum TNF levels, as compared to sham-stimulated mice.
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in chronic kidney disease-review and vagus nerve stimulation clinical pilot study
Hilderman et al. · Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2020
Controlling inflammation by neuroimmune modulation may lead to new therapeutic modalities for improved treatment, outcome, prognosis and quality of life for patients with CKD.
Non-canonical cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in IBD
de Araujo et al. · Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2020
A new study identifies a hepatic vagal branch pathway necessary to maintain colonic immune cell homeostasis in experimental colitis, challenging the dogma that an anti-inflammatory reflex requires an intact spleen and that α7-nicotinic receptor agonists are a panacea for inflammatory conditions.
Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and its role in treatment of sepsis
Zi et al. · Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2020
It has been shown that there are many possible effective treatments for sepsis, including vagus nerve stimulation by physical therapy, drugs such as acetylcholine receptor agonist and ultrasound therapy.
Comparison of symptomatic and functional responses to vagus nerve stimulation in ANTHEM-HF, INOVATE-HF, and NECTAR-HF
Anand et al. · ESC heart failure · 2020
In this post-hoc analysis, differences in patient demographics were seen and may have caused the differential responses in symptoms and function observed in association with VNS.
Autonomic Modulation of Cardiac Arrhythmias: Methods to Assess Treatment and Outcomes
Stavrakis et al. · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · 2020
Although the use of autonomic modulation to treat cardiac arrhythmias is supported by strong preclinical data and preliminary studies in humans, in light of the disappointing results of a number of recent randomized clinical trials of autonomic modulation therapies in heart failure, the need for ...
TREAT AF (Transcutaneous Electrical Vagus Nerve Stimulation to Suppress Atrial Fibrillation): A Randomized Clinical Trial
Stavrakis et al. · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · 2020
Baseline characteristics were balanced between the 2 groups.
Low-Level Tragus Stimulation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Glimpse of Hope for Neuromodulation?
Qin et al. · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · 2020
Study examining heart health using taVNS.
Low-Level Vagus Nerve Stimulation Reverses Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Related Atrial Fibrillation by Ameliorating Sympathetic Hyperactivity and Atrial Myocyte Injury
Guo et al. · Frontiers in physiology · 2020
In the OSA+LLVS group, the atrial effective refractory period was significantly lengthened while the sinus node recovery time and AF duration decreased after the 4th hour, and the expression level of Cx40 and Cx43 was significantly increased compared to the OSA group.
The anatomical basis for transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation
Butt et al. · Journal of anatomy · 2020
Given the therapeutic potential of auricular tVNS, there remains a need for the cutaneous map of the ABVN to be further refined and the effects of various stimulation parameters and stimulation sites to be determined.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation and the Cardiovascular System
Capilupi et al. · Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2020
Here, we review the current state of preclinical and clinical studies, as well as the potential application of VNS in relation to the cardiovascular system.
A 12-month pilot study outcomes of vagus nerve stimulation in Crohn's disease
Sinniger et al. · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2020
This study is the continuation of previous reported findings at 6 months.
Potential of Electrical Neuromodulation for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Cheng et al. · Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2020
Further randomized controlled trials and basic experiments are needed to investigate efficacy and clarify intrinsic mechanisms.
Efficient parameters of vagus nerve stimulation to enhance extinction learning in an extinction-resistant rat model of PTSD
Souza et al. · Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2020
Delivery of the standard LONG VNS trains (30 s) at 0.4 mA enhanced extinction and reduced anxiety but did not prevent fear return.
Application of Noninvasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation to Stress-Related Psychiatric Disorders
Bremner et al. · Journal of personalized medicine · 2020
This paper reviewed the physiology of the vagus nerve and its relevance to modulating the stress response in the context of application of nVNS to stress-related psychiatric disorders.
Vagus nerve stimulation paired with tones for tinnitus suppression: Effects on voice and hearing
Kochilas et al. · Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2020
Most of the regression functions for the vocal samples and audiometric variables had slope values that were not significantly different from zero.
Stress and Tinnitus; Transcutaneous Auricular Vagal Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Tinnitus-Triggered Stress Reaction
Ylikoski et al. · Frontiers in psychology · 2020
The large majority of patients with TRMS suffer from associated symptoms such as sleep disturbances and anxiety.
The Use of Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation to Treat Respiratory Symptoms Associated With COVID-19: A Theoretical Hypothesis and Early Clinical Experience
Staats et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2020
Both patients reported clinically meaningful benefits from nVNS therapy.
Non-invasive Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Potential Treatment for Covid19-Originated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Kaniusas et al. · Frontiers in physiology · 2020
Finally, we discuss auricular vagus nerve stimulation protective potential, especially in the elderly and co-morbid population with already reduced parasympathetic response.
Targeting the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway with vagus nerve stimulation in patients with Covid-19?
Bonaz et al. · Bioelectronic medicine · 2020
Finally, a continuous vagal tone monitoring in patients with COVID-19 could be used as a predictive marker of COVID-19 illness course but also as a predictive marker of response to COVID-19 treatment such as VNS or others.
Clinically-derived vagus nerve stimulation enhances cerebrospinal fluid penetrance
Cheng et al. · Brain stimulation · 2020
We found that the clinical VNS group showed a significant increase in CSF tracer penetrance as compared to the naïve control and sham groups.
Effects and Mechanisms of Vagal Nerve Stimulation on Body Weight in Diet-Induced Obese Rats
Dai et al. · Obesity surgery · 2020
In DIO rats, the food intake (p < 0.001) and body weight (p < 0.001) were significantly decreased in the VNS group, compared with the sham-VNS group.
Differential effects of vagus nerve stimulation strategies on glycemia and pancreatic secretions
Payne et al. · Physiological reports · 2020
Applying 15 Hz stimulation significantly increased glucose (+2.9 ± 0.2 mM·hr, p = .015) and glucagon (+17.1 ± 8.0 pg·hr/ml, p = .022), compared to no stimulation.
Glucose signaling in the brain and periphery to memory
Hossain et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2020
In addition, we also discussed the alteration of glucose-signaling in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a possible link to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies.
No modulation of postprandial metabolism by transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation: a cross-over study in 15 healthy men
Vosseler et al. · Scientific reports · 2020
Experimental evidence suggests a crucial role of the autonomic nervous system in whole body metabolism with major regulatory effects of the parasympathetic branch in postprandial adaptation.
Vagus nerve stimulation and Neurotrophins: a biological psychiatric perspective
Rosso et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2020
Today, VNS is suggested as possible therapy for a larger spectrum of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive disorders, and panic disorders.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Does Not Affect Verbal Memory Performance in Healthy Volunteers
Mertens et al. · Frontiers in psychology · 2020
In this randomized study, tVNS did not affect the accuracy scores for immediate recall or delayed recognition in both age groups.
Auricular transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation improves memory persistence in naïve mice and in an intellectual disability mouse model
Vázquez-Oliver et al. · Brain stimulation · 2020
We found that atVNS significantly improves memory persistence in naïve mice.
Freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: pathophysiology, risk factors and treatments
Gao et al. · Translational neurodegeneration · 2020
FOG model hypotheses are helpful for better understanding and characterizing FOG and they provide clues for further research exploration.
Differential effects of vagus nerve stimulation paradigms guide clinical development for Parkinson's disease
Farrand et al. · Brain stimulation · 2020
At higher VNS frequencies, specifically microburst VNS, greater improvements occurred in motor function, attenuation of TH-positive cell loss in SN and LC, and norepinephrine concentration in the PFC.
Improving Effects of Hop-Derived Bitter Acids in Beer on Cognitive Functions: A New Strategy for Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Ayabe et al. · Biomolecules · 2020
For instance, resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found in red wine, has been well studied and reported to prevent dementia and cognitive decline.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Decreases Pancreatitis Severity in Mice
Zhang et al. · Frontiers in immunology · 2020
VNS reduced plasma lipase and amylase activities, blunted the concentrations of TNF-α and protected against pancreas histologic damage in two AP models.
Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation and the trigeminal autonomic reflex: An fMRI study
Möller et al. · Neurology · 2020
nVNS prompted an increase in activation of the left pontine nucleus and a decreased activation of the right parahippocampal gyrus.
Challenges of Epilepsy Surgery
Kuzan-Fischer et al. · World neurosurgery · 2020
We review several challenges of epilepsy surgery that must be thoughtfully addressed in order to ensure its success.
Postoperative Ileus and Postoperative Gastrointestinal Tract Dysfunction: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Novel Treatment Strategies Beyond Colorectal Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocols
Mazzotta et al. · Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020
However, despite colorectal enhanced recovery after surgery, it remains a significant medical problem and burden on the healthcare system.
Ameliorating Effects and Mechanisms of Intra-Operative Vagal Nerve Stimulation on Postoperative Recovery After Sleeve Gastrectomy in Rats
Tian et al. · Obesity surgery · 2020
In comparison with sham-iVNS, (1) iVNS accelerated the first drinking time (P = 0.01) and first defecation time (P = 0.02), increased the weight of stool in postoperative day (POD) 1 (P = 0.01) and POD3 (P = 0.01), and reduced postoperative pain at 24 h after surgery (P = 0.01); (2) physiological...
Motivational nondirective resonance breathing versus transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of fibromyalgia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Paccione et al. · Trials · 2020
However, current research within the field of vagal nerve innervation suggests psychophysiological and electrical means by which FM may be treated.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Early Traumatic Brain Injury by Regulating the NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway
Tang et al. · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2020
The results showed that VNS significantly ameliorated tissue damage, neurological deficits, and cerebral edema, compared with the sham VNS group.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Feasibility Trial
Hakon et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2020
The tVNS regime of four hours daily for eight weeks was feasible and well tolerated with little side effects and no clinically relevant effects on physiological parameters.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain stimulation, and other forms of neuromodulation for substance use disorders: Review of modalities and implications for treatment
Mahoney et al. · Journal of the neurological sciences · 2020
One such approach involves neuromodulation which has been used therapeutically for neurological and psychiatric disorders and has demonstrated positive preliminary findings for the treatment of substance use disorder.
Non-invasive brain stimulation modalities for the treatment and prevention of opioid use disorder: a systematic review of the literature
Young et al. · Journal of addictive diseases · 2020
TMS and tDCS have demonstrated effects on cravings, although published studies were limited by small sample sizes.
[Interictal psychosis of epilepsy]
de Toffol et al. · L'Encephale · 2020
Neuropathological data suggest that IIP are not the result of classic epileptic pathology of the temporal lobe.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagal Nerve Stimulation and Disorders of Consciousness: A Hypothesis for Mechanisms of Action
Briand et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2020
Additionally, we suggest six different mechanisms of action: (1) Activation of the ascending reticular activating system; (2) Activation of the thalamus; (3) Re-establishment of the cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical loop; (4) Promotion of negative connectivity between external and default mode n...
Feasibility, safety and efficacy of transauricular vagus nerve stimulation in a cohort of patients with disorders of consciousness
Noé et al. · Brain stimulation · 2020
Study examining disorders of consciousness using iVNS.
Vagus nerve stimulation even after injury ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephropathy via reducing macrophage infiltration
Uni et al. · Scientific reports · 2020
However, there have been no reports that have demonstrated the effectiveness of VNS after injury.
Applications of Non-invasive Neuromodulation for the Management of Disorders Related to COVID-19
Baptista et al. · Frontiers in neurology · 2020
Non-invasive neuromodulation is a toolbox of techniques that based on targeted pathways and empirical evidence (largely in non-COVID-19 patients) can be investigated in the management of patients with COVID-19.
Thirty years of translational research in Mobility Medicine: Collection of abstracts of the 2020 Padua Muscle Days
Carraro · European journal of translational myology · 2020
More than half a century of skeletal muscle research is continuing at Padua University (Italy) under the auspices of the Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology (CIR-Myo), the European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM) and recently also with the support of the A&CM-C Foundation for Tra...
Noradrenergic Regulation of Cognitive Flexibility: No Effects of Stress, Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation, and Atomoxetine on Task-switching in Humans
Tona et al. · Journal of cognitive neuroscience · 2020
Participants showed typical switch costs, which decreased with the time available for preparation.
Effects of prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation on autonomic and neuroendocrine responses to psychosocial stress in healthy humans
Carnevali et al. · Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2020
One single session of excitatory tDCS over the left DLPFC (i) reduced HR and favored a larger vagal prevalence prior to stress exposure, (ii) moderated stress-induced HR acceleration and sympathetic activation/vagal withdrawal, but (iii) had no effect on stress-induced cortisol release.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation reduces spontaneous but not induced negative thought intrusions in high worriers
Burger et al. · Biological Psychology · 2019
taVNS reduced spontaneous negative thought intrusions in high worriers compared to sham stimulation, suggesting vagal afferent pathways may modulate anxiety-related rumination.
Effect of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on muscle activity in the gastrointestinal tract (transVaGa)
Hong et al. · International Journal of Colorectal Disease · 2019
Transcutaneous auricular VNS modulated gastrointestinal muscle activity as measured by electromyography, supporting its therapeutic potential for gastrointestinal motility disorders.
Effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in individuals aged 55 years or above: potential benefits of daily stimulation
Bretherton et al. · Aging · 2019
Two weeks of daily taVNS improved autonomic balance, baroreflex sensitivity, and some aspects of quality of life, mood, and sleep in adults aged 55 and over.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) for the preventive treatment of episodic migraine: The multicentre, double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled PREMIUM trial
Diener et al. · Cephalalgia · 2019
Though the primary endpoint was not met, post hoc analysis of adherent patients showed significant benefit of nVNS for migraine prevention, with sham device inadvertently found to have parasympathetic activity.
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy in patients with treatment resistant depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Bottomley et al. · Comprehensive psychiatry · 2019
Of 22 identified studies, there were two randomized controlled (RCT), sixteen single-arm and four non-randomized comparative studies.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation As an Adjunctive Neurostimulation Tool in Treatment-resistant Depression
Moeller et al. · Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2019
The current protocol describes delivery of the specific stimulation tool and methods for adjusting the tuning parameters to achieve the best remission rates in patients with TRD.
Research progress of vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of epilepsy
Fan et al. · CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2019
In this review, we systematically describe the clinical application, clinical effects, possible antiepileptic mechanisms, and future research directions of VNS for epilepsy.
30 years of vagus nerve stimulation trials in epilepsy: Do we need neuromodulation-specific trial designs?
Dibué-Adjei et al. · Epilepsy research · 2019
Although no comparative trials of these treatments have been performed, published data and clinical experience suggest comparable effectiveness.
Empirically Based Guidelines for Selecting Vagus Nerve Stimulation Parameters in Epilepsy and Heart Failure
Musselman et al. · Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2019
Outcomes of preclinical studies and clinical trials indicate that the selection of stimulation parameters has a direct impact on therapeutic efficacy and patient tolerability, suggesting that both the efficacy and tolerability of VNS could potentially be improved with a change in stimulation para...
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Ellrich · Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society · 2019
Whereas invasive VNS is an established neuromodulatory treatment in drug-resistant epilepsy, transcutaneous VNS (tVNS) of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve is suggested to be an alternative access path to the same neuronal network without invasiveness.
Acute vestibular migraine treatment with noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation
Beh et al. · Neurology · 2019
In those with acute VM, vertigo improved in 13/14 (complete resolution in 2, at least 50% improvement in 5).
Differential efficacy of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for the acute treatment of episodic and chronic cluster headache: A meta-analysis
de Coo et al. · Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2019
The pooled population included 225 participants (episodic: n = 112; chronic: n = 113) from ACT1 (n = 133) and ACT2 (n = 92) in the nVNS (n = 108) and sham (n = 117) groups.
Cardiovascular autonomic effects of vagus nerve stimulation
Garamendi-Ruiz et al. · Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2019
These studies have found subtle or no significant changes in heart rate variability and blood pressure in epileptic patients.
Sacral nerve stimulation improves colonic inflammation mediated by autonomic-inflammatory cytokine mechanism in rats
Guo et al. · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2019
This study was designed to determine effects and mechanisms of SNS on colonic inflammation of in rodent models of IBD and compare the difference among SNS, VNS, and SNS plus VNS.
The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
Cryan et al. · Physiological reviews · 2019
Stress, in particular, can significantly impact the microbiota-gut-brain axis at all stages of life.
The Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway as a Conceptual Framework to Treat Inflammation-Mediated Renal Injury
Jarczyk et al. · Kidney & blood pressure research · 2019
In general, this communication down-regulates the inflammation, achieved through different mechanisms and depending on the cells involved.
Low-level transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation attenuates cardiac remodelling in a rat model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Zhou et al. · Experimental physiology · 2019
In salt-sensitive rats fed with high salt diet, low-level transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation significantly attenuated blood pressure elevation, ameliorated diastolic function, and attenuated left ventricular inflammation and fibrosis compared to the sham group.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Multiple Organ Dysfunction in Resuscitated Porcine Progressive Sepsis
Kohoutova et al. · Critical care medicine · 2019
In a clinically-relevant large animal model of progressive sepsis, vagus nerve stimulation was associated with a number of beneficial effects that resulted in significantly attenuated multiple organ dysfunction and reduced vasopressor and fluid resuscitation requirements.
Vagus nerve stimulation reduces ventricular arrhythmias and increases ventricular electrical stability
Nasi-Er et al. · Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE · 2019
Noninvasive AB-VNS reduces the occurrence of spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias in conscious dogs with MI.
Targeted Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Rehabilitation After Stroke
Engineer et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019
A number of studies in preclinical models of ischemic stroke demonstrated that VNS paired with rehabilitative training significantly improved the recovery of forelimb motor function compared to rehabilitative training without VNS.
An Effective Method for Acute Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Experimental Inflammation
Caravaca et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019
Data from the first clinical trials that use vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease suggest that there is a therapeutic potential of electrical VNS in diseases characterized by excessive inflammation.
Bioelectric neuromodulation for gastrointestinal disorders: effectiveness and mechanisms
Payne et al. · Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2019
The clinical success of this bioelectric neuromodulation therapy might be enhanced through better knowledge of the targeted nerve pathways and their physiological and pathophysiological roles, optimizing stimulation protocols and determining which patients benefit most from this therapy.
Genetic Identification of Vagal Sensory Neurons That Control Feeding
Bai et al. · Cell · 2019
These findings identify a key role for intestinal mechanoreceptors in the regulation of feeding.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation at the Interface of Brain-Gut Interactions
Bonaz et al. · Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2019
It also highlights the main issues to be addressed in the future to improve this bioelectronic therapy for gastrointestinal disorders.
Vagus nerve stimulation as a tool for enhancing extinction in exposure-based therapies
Noble et al. · Psychopharmacology · 2019
We propose that stimulation of the left cervical vagus nerve during exposure to conditioned cues signals the brain to store new memories just as epinephrine or emotional arousal would do, but bypasses the peripheral sympathetic "fight-or-flight" response.
Vagus nerve stimulation reverses the extinction impairments in a model of PTSD with prolonged and repeated trauma
Souza et al. · Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2019
Sham rats showed no reduction of fear during extensive extinction training.
Vagus nerve stimulation intensity influences motor cortex plasticity
Morrison et al. · Brain stimulation · 2019
VNS delivered at 0.8 mA caused a significant increase in motor cortex proximal forelimb representation compared to training alone.
Targeted Vagus Nerve Stimulation does not Disrupt Cardiac Function in the Diabetic Rat
Dirr et al. · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2019
Pancreatic vagus nerve stimulation in a diabetic model was not found to influence heart rate demonstrating the ability of targeted stimulation to be used as for organ-specific neuromodulation while minimizing side effects.
Vagal Nerve Stimulation for Glycemic Control in a Rodent Model of Type 2 Diabetes
Yin et al. · Obesity surgery · 2019
(1) VNS with short pulse width of 0.3 ms but not 3 ms reduced blood glucose during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), with a 38.4% reduction at 15 min and 26.9% at 30 min (P < 0.05, vs.
Pancreatic nerve electrostimulation inhibits recent-onset autoimmune diabetes
Guyot et al. · Nature biotechnology · 2019
Pancreatic nerve electrical stimulation (PNES) resulted in β-adrenergic receptor-mediated-accumulation of B and T cells in pLNs and reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines following lipopolysaccharide stimulation.
Vagus nerve stimulation as a promising adjunctive treatment for ischemic stroke
Ma et al. · Neurochemistry international · 2019
VNS has been found to attenuate infarct volume, reduce neurological deficits, and improve memory and cognition in rats with stroke injuries.
Cognition-Enhancing Vagus Nerve Stimulation Alters the Epigenetic Landscape
Sanders et al. · The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2019
In agreement with reduced cortical stress-response transcription factor NF-κB1, chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed reduced γH2A.X in the ARC promoter.
Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation to target gait impairment in Parkinson's disease
Morris et al. · Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2019
Study examining parkinson's disease using iVNS.
Auricular vagus nerve stimulation protects against postoperative cognitive dysfunction by attenuating neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in aged rats
Cai et al. · Neuroscience letters · 2019
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) has been increasingly recognized as a significant complication after surgery, especially in senior patients.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Rodent Models: An Overview of Technical Considerations
Noller et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019
Finally, by integrating clinical and pre-clinical research, we present indeterminate issues as opportunities for future research.
Vagus nerve stimulation for primary headache disorders: An anatomical review to explain a clinical phenomenon
Henssen et al. · Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2019
The first part of this review shows that nVNS in primary headache disorders is moderately effective, safe and well-tolerated.
Intraoperative Vagus Nerve Stimulation Accelerates Postoperative Recovery in Rats
Murakami et al. · Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract · 2019
IM delayed GE that was normalized by iVNS (P < 0.05).
Impact of continuous intraoperative vagus stimulation on intraoperative decision making in favor of or against bilateral surgery in benign goiter
Schneider et al. · Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · 2019
This review summarizes the tremendous progress made in this dynamic field, delineating the extent to which CVS has changed the landscape: tailoring intraoperative decision making to determine the safest course of action for patients with benign goiter.
Continuous intraoperative nerve monitoring in thyroidectomy using automatic periodic stimulation in 256 at-risk nerves
Hamilton et al. · Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England · 2019
A total of 256 at-risk nerves were examined (132 hemi- and 62 total thyroidectomies) in cases involving benign and malignant disease.
Can vagus nerve stimulation improve social cognition in autism?
Kumaria et al. · Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · 2019
Study examining autism using taVNS.
Neuromodulation of autism spectrum disorders using vagal nerve stimulation
van Hoorn et al. · Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2019
From the 242 results identified search strategy 11 were found to satisfy the full search criteria and used to discuss the hypothesis.
Electroconvulsive Therapy and Other Neuromodulation Techniques for the Treatment of Psychosis
Maley et al. · Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America · 2019
There is also evidence to suggest that electroconvulsive therapy can be a safe, effective treatment in first episode psychosis, such as schizophrenia spectrum disorders, particularly in treatment-resistant patients.
Electromagnetic Brain Stimulation in Patients With Disorders of Consciousness
Bourdillon et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019
Surgical techniques less invasive than DBS, such as vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) might represent a good compromise between efficacy and invasiveness but still need to be further investigated.
Non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation prevents postoperative ileus and endotoxemia in mice
Hong et al. · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2019
tVNS activated the NTS and DMV and reduced intestinal cytokine expression, reduced leukocyte recruitment to the manipulated intestine segment, and improved gastrointestinal transit after IM.
Modulation of neuroinflammation and memory dysfunction using percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in mice
Huffman et al. · Brain stimulation · 2019
pVNS enabled stimulation of the vagus nerve as demonstrated by changes in bradycardia and histological evaluation of c-Fos and choline acetyltransferase expression in brainstem nuclei.
Vagus nerve stimulation protects against acute liver injury induced by renal ischemia reperfusion via antioxidant stress and anti-inflammation
Lai et al. · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2019
Kidney and liver function was severely damaged in the I/R group compared to the sham group.
AKI and the Neuroimmune Axis
Tanaka et al. · Seminars in nephrology · 2019
In this review, we discuss several neural circuits with respect to the control of renal inflammation and AKI as well as optogenetics as a novel tool for understanding these complex neural circuits.
Neuroimmune interactions and kidney disease
Hasegawa et al. · Kidney research and clinical practice · 2019
Recent studies have demonstrated that vagus nerve stimulation, ultrasound, and restraint stress elicit protective effects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Selective renal denervation guided by renal nerve stimulation: mapping renal nerves for unmet clinical needs
Tan et al. · Journal of human hypertension · 2019
We further identify five different BP response patterns to RNS and provide an explanation of the underlying neuroanatomical basis.
Bioelectronic Approaches to Control Neuroimmune Interactions in Acute Kidney Injury
Inoue et al. · Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2019
Examination of the differences among these three modalities might lead to a further elucidation of the neuroimmune axis involved in renal protection and is of interest for developing new therapeutic approaches.
Neurostimulation in Treating ADHD
Wong et al. · Psychiatria Danubina · 2019
Mixed results have been found in the effectiveness of neurostimulatory methods in treating ADHD.
The Effects of Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Fatigue and Immune Responses in Patients With Primary Sjögren's Syndrome
Tarn et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2019
Pro-F and ESS scores were significantly reduced across all three visits.
Vagus nerve stimulation dampens intestinal inflammation in a murine model of experimental food allergy
Bosmans et al. · Allergy · 2019
When compared to control mice, VGX did not significantly affect the development and severity of the disease in our model of food allergy.
Vagal effects of endocrine HPA axis challenges on resting autonomic activity assessed by heart rate variability measures in healthy humans
Agorastos et al. · Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2019
Findings indicated significant effects of metyrapone, but not dexamethasone on autonomic activity at rest based on HRV measures.
Treating Depression with Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation: State of the Art and Future Perspectives
Kong et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry · 2018
Transcutaneous auricular VNS shows promise as a non-invasive treatment for depression, with evidence of antidepressant effects through modulation of brain networks including the default mode network.
Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation as acute therapy for migraine: the randomized PRESTO study
Tassorelli et al. · Neurology · 2018
Non-invasive cervical VNS was safe and well-tolerated for acute migraine treatment, though the primary endpoint of pain-free status at 2 hours did not reach significance versus sham.
The vagus nerve at the interface of the microbiota-gut-brain axis
Bonaz et al. · Frontiers in Neuroscience · 2018
Review establishing the vagus nerve as a key communication pathway between gut microbes and the brain, with vagal afferents sensing microbial metabolites and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway modulating intestinal inflammation.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for the acute treatment of episodic and chronic cluster headache: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled ACT2 study
Goadsby et al. · Cephalalgia · 2018
nVNS achieved pain-free status in 48% of episodic cluster headache attacks versus 6% with sham, confirming efficacy of gammaCore for episodic cluster headache.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Upper Limb Rehabilitation After Chronic Stroke: A Blinded Randomized Pilot Study
Kimberley et al. · Stroke · 2018
Active VNS group showed mean improvement of 9.5 FMA-UE points versus 3.8 in controls at day 90, with a clinically meaningful response rate of 88% versus 33% with control.
The Mechanism of Action of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Treatment-Resistant Depression: Current Conceptualizations
Conway et al. · The Psychiatric clinics of North America · 2018
How this occurs is poorly understood; however, knowledge of the neuroanatomic vagal pathways, in conjunction with functional brain imaging studies, suggests several brain regions associated with mood regulation are critical: brainstem nuclei (locus coeruleus, dorsal raphe, and ventral tegmental a...
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: a comprehensive review
Asadi-Pooya · Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2018
This syndrome is often associated with long-term adverse effects on intellectual development, social functioning, and independent living.
Estimating Long-Term Vagus Nerve Stimulation Effectiveness: Accounting for Antiepileptic Drug Treatment Changes
Révész et al. · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2018
Median age at epilepsy onset was five years and mean years from diagnosis to VNS implantation was 16.5 years.
Spotlight on cervical vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of primary headache disorders: a review
Lendvai et al. · Journal of pain research · 2018
Three RCTs were identified for ECH/CCH (ACT-1, ACT-2 and PREVA), one RCT for migraine (EVENT) and several prospective cohort studies and retrospective analyses for both headache disorders.
Consistent effects of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) for the acute treatment of migraine: additional findings from the randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind PRESTO trial
Martelletti et al. · The journal of headache and pain · 2018
The intent-to-treat population consisted of 243 patients.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for treatment of cluster headache: early UK clinical experience
Marin et al. · The journal of headache and pain · 2018
The mean (SD) CH attack frequency decreased from 26.6 (17.1) attacks/wk.
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway revisited
Murray et al. · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2018
These continued efforts will be critical to the development of better neurostimulator based therapeutics for inflammatory bowel disease.
Electroencephalographic correlates of low-frequency vagus nerve stimulation therapy for Crohn's disease
Kibleur et al. · Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2018
Acute VNS induced increased spectral power in delta and theta bands on frontal, temporal and occipital electrodes.
Is-there a place for vagus nerve stimulation in inflammatory bowel diseases?
Bonaz · Bioelectronic medicine · 2018
In the present manuscript, we will focus on the interest of VNS in IBD.
Vagus Nerve as Modulator of the Brain-Gut Axis in Psychiatric and Inflammatory Disorders
Breit et al. · Frontiers in psychiatry · 2018
Since, the vagal tone is correlated with capacity to regulate stress responses and can be influenced by breathing, its increase through meditation and yoga likely contribute to resilience and the mitigation of mood and anxiety symptoms.
Characteristics of Stimulus Intensity in Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Chronic Tinnitus
Suk et al. · The journal of international advanced otology · 2018
The stimulus intensity did not differ according to sex or laterality.
BOLD fMRI effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in patients with chronic tinnitus
Yakunina et al. · PloS one · 2018
The locus coeruleus and nucleus of the solitary tract in the brainstem were activated in response to stimulation of both locations compared with the sham stimulation.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Enhances Stable Plasticity and Generalization of Stroke Recovery
Meyers et al. · Stroke · 2018
VNS enhances plasticity in corticospinal motor networks to increase synaptic connectivity to musculature of the rehabilitated forelimb.
Effective weight control via an implanted self-powered vagus nerve stimulation device
Yao et al. · Nature communications · 2018
This strategy is successfully demonstrated on rat models.
Cervical vagal nerve stimulation impairs glucose tolerance and suppresses insulin release in conscious rats
Stauss et al. · Physiological reports · 2018
It remains to be determined if patients treated with VNS are at greater risk of developing glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes.
Brain Stimulation in Alzheimer's Disease
Chang et al. · Frontiers in psychiatry · 2018
Moreover, more standardized study designs with larger sample sizes and longitudinal follow-up are warranted for establishing a structural guide for future studies and clinical application.
Recent advances in devices for vagus nerve stimulation
Mertens et al. · Expert review of medical devices · 2018
To improve clinical efficacy and minimize side effects, novel device technology for VNS is under development and investigation.
A review of vagus nerve stimulation as a therapeutic intervention
Johnson et al. · Journal of inflammation research · 2018
This new preclinical research shows that VNS bears the promise of being applied to a wider range of therapeutic applications.
Safety and tolerability of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve stimulation in humans; a systematic review
Redgrave et al. · Brain stimulation · 2018
51 studies were included comprising a total of 1322 human subjects receiving tVNS.
Neurostimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy: a systematic review of clinical evidence for efficacy, safety, contraindications and predictors for response
Boon et al. · Current opinion in neurology · 2018
We conducted a systematic review on the currently available neurostimulation modalities primarily with regard to effectiveness and safety.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in treating major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Wu et al. · Medicine · 2018
A total of 423 citations from the databases were searched, and 4 studies with 222 individuals were included in the meta-analysis.
Neurophysiologic effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) via electrical stimulation of the tragus: A concurrent taVNS/fMRI study and review
Badran et al. · Brain stimulation · 2018
Active stimulation produced significant increased BOLD signal in the contralateral postcentral gyrus, bilateral insula, frontal cortex, right operculum, and left cerebellum.
Transauricular vagus nerve stimulation at auricular acupoints Kindey (CO10), Yidan (CO11), Liver (CO12) and Shenmen (TF4) can induce auditory and limbic cortices activation measured by fMRI
Peng et al. · Hearing research · 2018
We found that taVNS at auricular acupoints CO10-12, TF4 can instantly and effectively generate blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal changes in the prefrontal, auditory and limbic cortices of healthy subjects by fMRI.
Efficacy and mode of action of external trigeminal neurostimulation in migraine
Schoenen et al. · Expert review of neurotherapeutics · 2018
It remains to be determined if this might be a common mechanism to other peripheral noninvasive neurostimulation methods.
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Auricular Percutaneous Electrical Neural Field Stimulation for Fibromyalgia: Protocol for a Feasibility Study
Gebre et al. · JMIR research protocols · 2018
This trial has been funded by the Veterans Health Administration Program Office.
Effects of Intraoperative Vagal Nerve Stimulation on the Gastrointestinal Microbiome in a Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Haney et al. · Comparative medicine · 2018
Future studies are warranted to determine whether different stimulation parameters or chronic use of VNS affect GM profiles.
Preoperative evaluation and surgical management of infants and toddlers with drug-resistant epilepsy
Pindrik et al. · Neurosurgical focus · 2018
CONCLUSIONS While presenting notable challenges, pediatric epilepsy surgery within infants and toddlers (children < 3 years of age) offers significant opportunities for improved seizure frequency, neuro-cognitive development, and quality of life.
Non-invasive brain stimulation for negative symptoms in schizophrenia: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Osoegawa et al. · Schizophrenia research · 2018
31 RCTs (n = 1272) were included, most with small-to-modest sample sizes.
Constitutive Vagus Nerve Activation Modulates Immune Suppression in Sepsis Survivors
Rana et al. · Frontiers in immunology · 2018
Moreover, vagus nerve stimulation in control mice diminished the LPS-induced TNFα responses while having no effect in CLP mice, suggesting constitutive activation of vagus nerve signaling in CLP-survivors.
Renal nerve stimulation identifies aorticorenal innervation and prevents inadvertent ablation of vagal nerves during renal denervation
de Jong et al. · Blood pressure · 2018
A total of 289 RNS sites in 35 patients were analyzed.
Pharmacological potentiation of the efferent vagus nerve attenuates blood pressure and renal injury in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus
Pham et al. · American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2018
Recent evidence suggests hypertension may be secondary to chronic inflammation that results from hypoactive neuro-immune regulatory mechanisms.
Therapeutic Applications of Invasive Neuromodulation in Children and Adolescents
Doruk Camsari et al. · The Psychiatric clinics of North America · 2018
DBS and VNS have demonstrated utility in young patients especially for dystonia and epilepsy.
Epilepsy Disorders and Treatment Modalities
Kaeberle · NASN school nurse (Print) · 2018
Diagnosis and treatment of these disorders has improved over time.
Therapeutic potential of the vagus nerve in cancer
Reijmen et al. · Immunology letters · 2018
We found direct evidence in studies using animal cancer models that vagus nerve stimulation alters immunological responses relevant to the tumor microenvironment.
Prevalence of Arnold Nerve Reflex in Adults and Children With Chronic Cough
Dicpinigaitis et al. · Chest · 2018
Arnold nerve reflex was present in 25.5% of adults and 3% of children with chronic cough.
The Organophosphorus Pesticide Chlorpyrifos Induces Sex-Specific Airway Hyperreactivity in Adult Rats
Shaffo et al. · Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2018
Additionally, sex differences in asthma incidence have been demonstrated in the human population, but whether OP-induced AHR is sex-dependent has not been systematically studied in a preclinical model.
Non-invasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation Effects on Hyperarousal and Autonomic State in Patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Preliminary Evidence
Lamb et al. · Frontiers in Medicine · 2017
Non-invasive vagal nerve stimulation reduced PTSD symptom severity and showed promising effects on autonomic regulation in veterans with combat-related PTSD.
A 5-year observational study of patients with treatment-resistant depression treated with vagus nerve stimulation or treatment as usual: comparison of response, remission, and suicidality
Aaronson et al. · American Journal of Psychiatry · 2017
Over 5 years, VNS plus treatment as usual produced significantly higher cumulative response rates (67.6% vs 40.9%) and remission rates (43.3% vs 25.7%) compared to treatment as usual alone in treatment-resistant depression.
Optimization of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation using functional MRI
Yakunina et al. · Neuromodulation · 2017
fMRI comparison of four ear stimulation locations found that the cymba conchae activated the vagal pathway most effectively, providing evidence for optimal taVNS electrode placement.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired with Tones for the Treatment of Tinnitus: A Prospective Randomized Double-blind Controlled Pilot Study in Humans
Tyler et al. · Scientific Reports · 2017
After 6 weeks, 50% of participants in the VNS-paired-tones group showed clinically meaningful THI improvements versus 28% of controls, with benefits sustained at one year.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation reduces sympathetic preponderance in patients with tinnitus
Ylikoski et al. · Acta Otolaryngologica · 2017
tVNS significantly increased R-R interval variability in 75% of patients and reduced HRV age in 70%, shifting autonomic balance from sympathetic dominance toward parasympathetic tone in tinnitus patients.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Ekmekçi et al. · Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences · 2017
The rate of satisfactory and permanent treatment in epilepsy with monotherapy is around 50%.
Vagal Nerve Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression
Carreno et al. · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2017
Preclinically, VNS affects many of the same brain areas, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine) and signal transduction mechanisms (brain-derived neurotrophic factor-tropomyosin receptor kinase B) as those found with traditional antidepressants.
Treatment Update of Chronic Migraine
Cho et al. · Current pain and headache reports · 2017
In the present review, we discuss updated pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and neurostimulation treatment options for CM.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Headache
Yuan et al. · Headache · 2017
Early case series from epilepsy and depression cohorts using invasive VNS showed a serendipitous reduction in headache frequency and/or severity.
Review of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (gammaCore): efficacy, safety, potential impact on comorbidities, and economic burden for episodic and chronic cluster headache
Mwamburi et al. · The American journal of managed care · 2017
The ACute Treatment of Cluster Headache Studies (ACT1 and ACT2), both double-blind sham-controlled randomized trials, did not meet the primary endpoints of the trials but each demonstrated significant superiority of gammaCore among patients with eCH.
Cost-effectiveness of gammaCore (non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation) for acute treatment of episodic cluster headache
Mwamburi et al. · The American journal of managed care · 2017
gammaCore adjunct to standard of care (SoC) was found to have superior efficacy in treatment of acute episodic cluster headaches compared with sham-gammaCore used with SoC in ACT1 and ACT2 trials.
The Vagus Nerve in Appetite Regulation, Mood, and Intestinal Inflammation
Browning et al. · Gastroenterology · 2017
Although the gastrointestinal tract contains intrinsic neural plexuses that allow a significant degree of independent control over gastrointestinal functions, the central nervous system provides extrinsic neural inputs that modulate, regulate, and integrate these functions.
Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway and Stroke
Duris et al. · Current drug delivery · 2017
Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CHAIP) is a physiological mechanism by which central nervous system regulates immune response and controls inflammation.
Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway and the Liver
Hajiasgharzadeh et al. · Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2017
On the other hand, accumulated evidence clearly demonstrate that, autonomic dysfunction which is reduced functioning of both vagal and sympathetic nervous system, occurs during chronic liver disease and is well-known complication of patients suffering from cirrhosis.
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: An innovative treatment strategy for neurological diseases
Han et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2017
In this review, we focus on the anti-inflammatory benefits of non-neuronal and neuronal ACh as a means of providing new insights into treating inflammation-related neurological diseases, as exemplified by those described herein.
Mechanisms and Therapeutic Relevance of Neuro-immune Communication
Chavan et al. · Immunity · 2017
Recent successful clinical trials using bioelectronic devices that modulate the inflammatory reflex to significantly ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease provide a path for using electrons as a therapeutic modality for targeting molecular mechanisms of immunity.
Intravenous electrical vagal nerve stimulation prior to coronary reperfusion in a canine ischemia-reperfusion model markedly reduces infarct size and prevents subsequent heart failure
Arimura et al. · International journal of cardiology · 2017
Short-term iVNS delivered prior to coronary reperfusion markedly reduced infarct size and preserved cardiac function one month after AMI.
Low-Level Vagus Nerve Stimulation Suppresses Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation and Inflammation: A Randomized Study
Stavrakis et al. · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · 2017
A total of 54 patients were randomized to either active LLVNS (n = 26) or sham control (n = 28).
Effects of extrinsic cardiac nerve stimulation on atrial fibrillation inducibility: The regulatory role of the spinal cord
Dai et al. · Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology · 2017
SCS modulates extrinsic and intrinsic cardiac nerve activity among the vagus nerve, stellate ganglion, and ganglionated plexus.
Vagus nerve stimulation: a new promising therapeutic tool in inflammatory bowel disease
Bonaz et al. · Journal of internal medicine · 2017
Thus, vagus nerve stimulation provides a new therapeutic option in the treatment of CD.
The Vagus Nerve in the Neuro-Immune Axis: Implications in the Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Bonaz et al. · Frontiers in immunology · 2017
VNS is one of the alternative treatments for drug resistant epilepsy and depression and one might think that VNS could be used as a non-drug therapy to treat inflammatory disorders of the GI tract, such as IBD, irritable bowel syndrome, and postoperative ileus, which are all characterized by a bl...
Vagus nerve stimulation in psychiatry: a systematic review of the available evidence
Cimpianu et al. · Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2017
At this point, no final conclusion can be made regarding the efficacy of VNS to improve symptoms in psychiatric disorders other than in affective disorders.
Effects of vagus nerve stimulation on extinction of conditioned fear and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in rats
Noble et al. · Translational psychiatry · 2017
Taken together, these findings suggest that VNS may be an effective adjunct to exposure therapy for the treatment of PTSD.
[Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for primary insomnia and affective disorder:a report of 35 cases]
Luo et al. · Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion · 2017
Compared before treatment, the PSQI was significantly decreased to (13.20±3.61) at the end of 2nd week (P<0.05); compared before treatment, the 17HAMD and HAMA were significantly decreased at the end of 4th week and 6th week (all P<0.05).
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired with Tones for the Treatment of Tinnitus: A Prospective Randomized Double-blind Controlled Pilot Study in Humans
Tyler et al. · Scientific reports · 2017
After 6 weeks, the paired VNS group improved on the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) (p = 0.0012) compared to controls (p = 0.1561).
Brain stimulation in obesity
Göbel et al. · International journal of obesity (2005) · 2017
Obesity is taking up epidemic proportions worldwide with significant impacts on the health of both the affected individual and on society as a whole.
Obesity-Associated Alterations in Glucose Metabolism Are Reversed by Chronic Bilateral Stimulation of the Abdominal Vagus Nerve
Malbert et al. · Diabetes · 2017
We conclude that chronic vagal stimulation improves insulin sensitivity substantially in diet-induced obesity by both peripheral and central mechanisms.
Vagus nerve stimulation: Surgical technique of implantation and revision and related morbidity
Giordano et al. · Epilepsia · 2017
A de novo implantation in a naive segment of the left or right vagus nerve may be considered in specific cases; the use of the right vagus nerve is a rare exception that may be chosen with an acceptable result.
Vagus nerve stimulation improves working memory performance
Sun et al. · Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology · 2017
We found that vagus nerve stimulation improved working memory performance as seen in reduced errors on a subtask that relied on working memory, odds ratio (OR) = 0.63 (95% confidence interval, CI [0.47, 0.85]) and increased N1 amplitude, F(1, 15) = 10.17, p = .006.
Microglia modulation through external vagus nerve stimulation in a murine model of Alzheimer's disease
Kaczmarczyk et al. · Journal of neurochemistry · 2017
Pilot studies showed first signs of cognitive-enhancing effects of nVNS in AD patients.
Deep brain and cortical stimulation for epilepsy
Sprengers et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017
This is an updated version of a previous Cochrane review published in 2014.
Vagus nerve stimulation as a potential adjuvant to behavioral therapy for autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders
Engineer et al. · Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2017
VNS paired with behavioral therapy may represent a potential new approach to enhance rehabilitation that could significantly improve the outcomes of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Neuroimmune Interactions in Schizophrenia: Focus on Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Activation of the Alpha-7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
Corsi-Zuelli et al. · Frontiers in immunology · 2017
Although elucidating the mechanism that induces this inflammatory profile remains a challenge, mounting evidence suggests that neuroimmune interactions may provide therapeutic advantages to control inflammation and hence schizophrenia.
Restoring consciousness with vagus nerve stimulation
Corazzol et al. · Current biology : CB · 2017
The neural signature of spontaneous recovery is linked to increased thalamo-cortical activity and improved fronto-parietal functional connectivity [3].
Abdominal vagus nerve stimulation as a new therapeutic approach to prevent postoperative ileus
Stakenborg et al. · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2017
As this approach requires an additional cervical procedure, we explored the possibility of peroperative abdominal VNS in mice and human.
Chronic kidney disease impairs renal nerve and haemodynamic reflex responses to vagal afferent input through a central mechanism
Salman et al. · Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2017
In juvenile LPK versus age-matched Lewis, sympathoinhibition was reduced when responses were expressed as % baseline (P<0.05), but not as microvolts, while bradycardic responses were greater.
Nonpharmacological, Biomechanical Approaches to Control Inflammation in Acute Kidney Injury
Tanaka et al. · Nephron · 2017
Recently, our group and others have demonstrated that vagus nerve stimulation and pulsed ultrasound ameliorated inflammation via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) in various animal models, including renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Autonomic nervous system in acute kidney injury
Hering et al. · Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology · 2017
The contribution of renal nerves to the pathogenesis of AKI has been extensively demonstrated in a series of experimental models over the past decades.
The potential role of vagus-nerve stimulation in the treatment of HIV-associated depression: a review of literature
Nicholson et al. · Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2017
Estimates suggest that the prevalence rate for depression among HIV-infected individuals is three times that of the general population.
Auricular vagal nerve stimulation in peripheral arterial disease patients
Hackl et al. · VASA. Zeitschrift fur Gefasskrankheiten · 2017
There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups.
Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on major depressive disorder: a nonrandomized controlled pilot study
Rong et al. · Journal of Affective Disorders · 2016
Four weeks of taVNS significantly reduced Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores compared to sham, with a response rate of 37.5% versus 12.5% in controls.
Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits cytokine production and attenuates disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis
Koopman et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 2016
Implanted VNS significantly inhibited TNF production and improved clinical signs in rheumatoid arthritis patients, providing direct evidence of the inflammatory reflex in humans.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Modulates Default Mode Network in Major Depressive Disorder
Fang et al. · Biological Psychiatry · 2016
taVNS modulated functional connectivity in the default mode network and showed antidepressant effects, suggesting a central mechanism for its therapeutic action in depression.
Chronic vagus nerve stimulation in Crohn's disease: a 6-month follow-up pilot study
Bonaz et al. · Neurogastroenterology and Motility · 2016
Chronic VNS improved clinical and biological markers of Crohn's disease in 5 of 7 patients over 6 months, supporting the role of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.
Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the ACute Treatment of Cluster Headache: Findings From the Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled ACT1 Study
Silberstein et al. · Headache · 2016
nVNS response rates were significantly higher than sham for episodic cluster headache (34.2% vs 10.6%; P=0.008), though not for chronic cluster headache.
Chronic migraine headache prevention with noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation: The EVENT study
Silberstein et al. · Neurology · 2016
First sham-controlled pilot study of nVNS for chronic migraine prevention; open-label completers showed approximately 7.9 fewer headache days after 8 months of sustained therapy.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Heart Failure: The INOVATE-HF Trial
Gold et al. · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2016
VNS did not reduce the rate of death or heart failure events, though secondary endpoints (quality of life, NYHA class, 6-minute walk) improved, suggesting the need for optimised stimulation parameters.
Vagus Nerve and Vagus Nerve Stimulation, a Comprehensive Review: Part II
Yuan et al. · Headache · 2016
In this review, we discuss the history and development of VNS, as well as recent progress in invasive and nVNS.
Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation in the management of cluster headache: clinical evidence and practical experience
Holle-Lee et al. · Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2016
Recently published studies showed encouraging results of noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS), especially with respect to cluster headache, with high tolerability and a low rate of side effects; however, randomized controlled trials are needed to prove its efficacy.
Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation (nVNS) as mini-prophylaxis for menstrual/menstrually related migraine: an open-label study
Grazzi et al. · The journal of headache and pain · 2016
The number of menstrual migraine/menstrually related migraine days per month was significantly reduced from baseline (mean ± standard error, 7.2 ± 0.7 days) to the end of treatment (mean ± standard error, 4.7 ± 0.5 days; P < 0.001) (primary end point).
Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the Acute Treatment of Cluster Headache
Levin · Headache · 2016
Study examining cluster headache using tcVNS.
Anti-inflammatory properties of the vagus nerve: potential therapeutic implications of vagus nerve stimulation
Bonaz et al. · The Journal of physiology · 2016
Recent data have suggested the anti-inflammatory role of the VN.
The intestinal cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
Goverse et al. · The Journal of physiology · 2016
Further investigation on the crosstalk between the nervous and intestinal immune system will hopefully provide new insights leading to the identification of innovative therapeutic approaches to treat intestinal inflammatory diseases.
Chronic cyclic vagus nerve stimulation has beneficial electrophysiological effects on healthy hearts in the absence of autonomic imbalance
Lee et al. · Physiological reports · 2016
VNS did not induce any significant changes to ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and spatial dispersion of APD, thus indicating that VNS did not negatively affect cardiac function.
Effect of Low-level Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Cardiac Remodeling in a Rapid Atrial Pacing-induced Canine Model of Atrial Fibrillation
Lu et al. · Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2016
As pacing times increased, the mean effective refractory period in the pacing group became significantly shortened.
Safety, Feasibility, and Efficacy of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Upper-Limb Rehabilitation After Ischemic Stroke
Dawson et al. · Stroke · 2016
Nine participants were randomized to VNS plus rehabilitation and 11 to rehabilitation alone.
Modulation of vagal tone enhances gastroduodenal motility and reduces somatic pain sensitivity
Frøkjaer et al. · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2016
Our research question was to whether combined electrical and physiological modulation of vagal tone, using transcutaneous electrical vagal nerve stimulation (t-VNS) and deep slow breathing (DSB) respectively, could increase musculoskeletal pain thresholds and enhance gastroduodenal motility in he...
Enhancing Rehabilitative Therapies with Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Hays · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2016
Here, I provide a discussion of the current uses and potential future applications of VNS-based targeted plasticity therapies in animal models and patients, and outline challenges for clinical implementation.
[Not Available]
Dinkelacker · Revue neurologique · 2016
OSAS is a significant comorbidity of drug-resistant epilepsy that has the potential to yield new treatment options for better seizure control.
Role of the vagus nerve in the development and treatment of diet-induced obesity
de Lartigue · The Journal of physiology · 2016
In small clinical studies, in patients with depression or epilepsy, vagal nerve stimulation has been demonstrated to promote weight loss.
Contrasting effects of afferent and efferent vagal nerve stimulation on insulin secretion and blood glucose regulation
Meyers et al. · Physiological reports · 2016
However, serum insulin levels increased significantly with selective efferent VNS (+71.2 ± 27.0% after 120 min of VNS) that increased [Glu] only temporarily (+28.8 ± 11.7% at 30 min of VNS).
Vagus nerve stimulation mediates protection from kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury through α7nAChR+ splenocytes
Inoue et al. · The Journal of clinical investigation · 2016
Together, these results demonstrate that VNS-mediated attenuation of AKI and systemic inflammation depends on α7nAChR-positive splenocytes.
Rheumatoid arthritis: Vagus nerve stimulation reduces RA severity in patients
Onuora · Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2016
Study examining rheumatoid arthritis using iVNS.
Continuous intraoperative neural monitoring of the recurrent nerves in thyroid surgery: a quantum leap in technology
Schneider et al. · Gland surgery · 2016
CIONM is a recent but rapidly evolving technique, constantly being refined by various studies focusing on improvement in its implementation and interpretation, as well as on the elimination of the technical snags.
Modulatory effects of α7 nAChRs on the immune system and its relevance for CNS disorders
Kalkman et al. · Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2016
Information from tobacco smoking, vagus nerve stimulation, and cholinesterase inhibition is used to evaluate the therapeutic potential of selective α7 nAChR agonists in these inflammation-related disorders.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Other Neuromodulation Methods for Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury
Neren et al. · Neurocritical care · 2016
Data from previous studies have demonstrated VNS-mediated improvement following TBI in animal models.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Delivered with Motor Training Enhances Recovery of Function after Traumatic Brain Injury
Pruitt et al. · Journal of neurotrauma · 2016
We have developed a method using electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve paired with forelimb use by which we have demonstrated enhanced recovery from ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation: A Promising Method for Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Jin et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2016
Although the mechanism of tVNS is not yet completely understood, studies have demonstrated the potential role of vagal afferent nerve stimulation in the regulation of mood and visceral state associated with social communication.
Vagus nerve electrical stimulation inhibits serum levels of S100A8 protein in septic shock rats
Lei et al. · Molecular medicine reports · 2016
The present study revealed that Sprague‑Dawley rats exhibited progressive hypotension and significantly increased serum AST and ALT levels following CLP challenge compared with the sham group.
2015 ACVIM Small Animal Consensus Statement on Seizure Management in Dogs
Podell et al. · Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2016
Ultimately, we hope to provide a foundation for ongoing and future clinical epilepsy research in veterinary medicine.
Non-invasive access to the vagus nerve central projections via electrical stimulation of the external ear: fMRI evidence in humans
Frangos et al. · Brain Stimulation · 2015
Electrical stimulation of the cymba conchae activated classical central vagal projections including the NTS, locus coeruleus, and dorsal raphe, providing fMRI evidence that vagal afferents can be accessed non-invasively via the external ear.
Chronic vagal stimulation for the treatment of low ejection fraction heart failure: results of the NEural Cardiac TherApy foR Heart Failure (NECTAR-HF) randomized controlled trial
Zannad et al. · European Heart Journal · 2015
VNS did not significantly improve cardiac remodelling measures, but quality of life (MLHFQ, NYHA class, SF-36) improved significantly, suggesting patient-perceived benefits despite neutral primary endpoints.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation boosts associative memory in older individuals
Jacobs et al. · Neurobiology of Aging · 2015
A single session of tVNS enhanced associative memory performance in a face-name task in healthy older adults compared to sham, demonstrating cognitive benefits even after acute stimulation.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Epilepsy: An Evidence-Based Approach
Cukiert · Progress in neurological surgery · 2015
The search results showed that patients older than 12 years with refractory partial seizures (with or without generalization) may benefit from VNS.
Noninvasive neuromodulation in cluster headache
Láinez et al. · Current opinion in neurology · 2015
The objective of this article is to review the data using this approach.
Initial use of a novel noninvasive vagus nerve stimulator for cluster headache treatment
Nesbitt et al. · Neurology · 2015
Fifteen patients reported an overall improvement in their condition, with 4 reporting no change, providing a mean overall estimated improvement of 48%.
Low-level transcutaneous electrical vagus nerve stimulation suppresses atrial fibrillation
Stavrakis et al. · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2015
There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups.
Short‑term vagal nerve stimulation improves left ventricular function following chronic heart failure in rats
Li et al. · Molecular medicine reports · 2015
Increasing numbers of animal and clinical investigations have demonstrated the effectiveness of long-term electrical vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) on chronic heart failure (CHF).
Vagus nerve stimulation: A spear role or a shield role in atrial fibrillation?
Chen et al. · International journal of cardiology · 2015
Study examining heart health using taVNS.
Continuous vagal nerve stimulation affects atrial neural remodeling and reduces atrial fibrillation inducibility in rabbits
Yuan et al. · Cardiovascular pathology : the official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology · 2015
Five rabbits of RAP group (5/10) in the RAP group developed sustained AF.
Low-level vagus nerve stimulation: an important therapeutic option for atrial fibrillation treatment via modulating cardiac autonomic tone
Chen et al. · International journal of cardiology · 2015
Study examining heart health using taVNS.
Vagus nerve stimulation for partial seizures
Panebianco et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015
This is an updated version of a Cochrane review published in Issue 7, 2010.
Review of the Uses of Vagal Nerve Stimulation in Chronic Pain Management
Chakravarthy et al. · Current pain and headache reports · 2015
We also present potential mechanisms for VNS modulation of chronic pain by reviewing both animal and human studies.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Tool to Induce Plasticity in Pathways Relevant for Extinction Learning
Childs et al. · Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2015
In addition, we provide evidence that VNS modulates synaptic plasticity in the pathway between the infralimbic (IL) medial prefrontal cortex and the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA), which is involved in the expression and modulation of extinction memory.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation modulates tinnitus-related beta- and gamma-band activity
Hyvärinen et al. · Ear and hearing · 2015
Tinnitus patients differed from controls in the baseline condition (no tVNS applied), measured by both cortical oscillatory power and synchronization, particularly at beta and gamma frequencies.
Neuroimaging and neuromodulation approaches to study eating behavior and prevent and treat eating disorders and obesity
Val-Laillet et al. · NeuroImage. Clinical · 2015
Third, we will introduce the ethical questions that are concomitant to the emergence of new neuromodulation therapies.
Effects and mechanisms of auricular vagus nerve stimulation on high-fat-diet--induced obese rats
Li et al. · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2015
Compared with HFD group, AVNS significantly reduced body weight and epididymal WAT and increased BAT weight, serum NE, mRNA expressions of β3-adrenoceptors, and UCP1 of the BAT, but had no effect on daily energy intake, perirenal WAT weight, gastric emptying, serum levels of CCK and PYY, or mRNA ...
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation induces tidal melatonin secretion and has an antidiabetic effect in Zucker fatty rats
Wang et al. · PloS one · 2015
We found that naïve ZDF rats develop hyperglycemia naturally with age.
Bioelectrical Stimulation for the Reduction of Inflammation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Marshall et al. · Clinical medicine insights. Gastroenterology · 2015
Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of splenic and vagus nerve functions in the inflammatory process through the production of certain cytokines.
Autistic spectrum disorder, epilepsy, and vagus nerve stimulation
Hull et al. · Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2015
Following vagus nerve stimulation implantation, initial, if temporary, improvement was observed in seizure control.
Could vagus nerve stimulation target hippocampal hyperactivity to improve cognition in schizophrenia?
Smucny et al. · Frontiers in psychiatry · 2015
Study examining schizophrenia using iVNS.
Transcutaneous noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) in the treatment of schizophrenia: a bicentric randomized controlled pilot study
Hasan et al. · European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2015
We could not observe a statistically significant difference in the improvement of schizophrenia psychopathology during the observation period.
[Negative symptoms of schizophrenia: from electrophysiology to electrotherapy]
Micoulaud Franchi et al. · L'Encephale · 2015
This is in line with electrophysiological measurements that found a change in EEG spectral power in the alpha frequency band over prefrontal brain regions.
[Non-invasive brain stimulation for treatment of schizophrenic psychoses]
Hasan et al. · Der Nervenarzt · 2015
Studies using other non-invasive brain stimulation techniques showed promising results but further research is needed to establish the clinical efficacy.
[Protective effects of vagus nerve stimulation on rats with sepsis-associated encephalopathy]
Li et al. · Zhonghua wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue · 2015
Compared with sham group, the percentage of α wave on EEG was significantly increased at 2, 4 and 6 hours after LPS administration in model group [(14.52±0.50)%, (16.70±0.85)%, (17.35±0.36)% vs.
Vagal modulation of hypertension
Petkovich et al. · Current hypertension reports · 2015
In this article, we review some of the key concepts of different vagal modulations for resistant hypertension including baroreflex activation therapy, renal sympathetic denervation, and direct vagal nerve stimulation.
Interventional and device-based autonomic modulation in heart failure
Shen et al. · Heart failure clinics · 2015
Results of preclinical animal studies and early clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these therapies in heart failure.
Neuroimmune Control of Acute Kidney Injury and Inflammation
Inoue et al. · Nephron · 2015
Recently, we demonstrated the effect of a non-pharmacologic, noninvasive, ultrasound-based method to prevent renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and sepsis-induced AKI in mice.
The role of the autonomic nervous system in Tourette Syndrome
Hawksley et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2015
The central neural mechanisms of tic generation are not clearly understood, however recent neuroimaging investigations suggest impaired cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical activity during motor control.
Vagus nerve stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy: a European long-term study up to 24 months in 347 children
Orosz et al. · Epilepsia · 2014
Long-term VNS in paediatric epilepsy showed progressive improvement over 24 months, with 32% of patients achieving at least 50% seizure reduction.
Autonomic regulation therapy via left or right cervical vagus nerve stimulation in patients with chronic heart failure: results of the ANTHEM-HF trial
Premchand et al. · Journal of Cardiac Failure · 2014
Chronic VNS was safe and improved left ventricular ejection fraction, heart rate variability, and six-minute walk distance in patients with symptomatic heart failure.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in healthy humans reduces sympathetic nerve activity
Clancy et al. · Brain Stimulation · 2014
Transcutaneous VNS reduced muscle sympathetic nerve activity and shifted autonomic balance toward parasympathetic dominance in healthy volunteers, demonstrating a direct physiological mechanism for anxiolytic effects.
Relationship between vagal tone, cortisol, TNF-alpha, epinephrine and negative affects in Crohn's disease and irritable bowel syndrome
Pellissier et al. · PLoS ONE · 2014
Vagal tone was inversely correlated with TNF-alpha in Crohn's disease and with epinephrine in IBS, supporting the relevance of vagus nerve reinforcement interventions in inflammatory bowel conditions.
Safety and efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation paired with tones for the treatment of tinnitus: a case series
De Ridder et al. · Neuromodulation · 2014
Four of ten patients demonstrated clinically meaningful improvements in tinnitus that remained stable for more than two months after treatment, with all five non-responders found to be on medications interfering with neuromodulatory pathways.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Howland · Current behavioral neuroscience reports · 2014
VNS deserves further study for its potentially favorable effects on cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, metabolic, and other physiological biomarkers associated with depression morbidity and mortality.
Vagus nerve stimulation for refractory cluster headaches
Mauskop · Headache · 2014
Study examining cluster headache using tcVNS.
Vagus nerve stimulation enhances extinction of conditioned fear and modulates plasticity in the pathway from the ventromedial prefrontal cortex to the amygdala
Peña et al. · Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2014
Vagus nerve stimulation-treated rats demonstrated a significant reduction in freezing after a single extinction training session similar to animals that received 5× the number of extinction pairings.
Vagus nerve stimulation and food intake: effect of body mass index
Bodenlos et al. · Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2014
Animal research suggests that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is associated with weight loss and decreased appetite.
Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on impaired glucose tolerance: a pilot randomized study
Huang et al. · BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2014
100 participants completed the study and were included in data analysis.
Therapeutic effect of vagus nerve stimulation on depressive-like behavior, hyperglycemia and insulin receptor expression in Zucker fatty rats
Li et al. · PloS one · 2014
We found that naïve ZDF rats developed hyperglycemia steadily.
The gut microbiome and the brain
Galland · Journal of medicinal food · 2014
Nutritional tools for altering the gut microbiome therapeutically include changes in diet, probiotics, and prebiotics.
Vagus nerve stimulation…25 years later! What do we know about the effects on cognition?
Vonck et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2014
In Alzheimer pathology, NE may act as an anti-inflammatory agent on brainstem nuclei.
Vagus nerve stimulation: a new bioelectronics approach to treat rheumatoid arthritis?
Koopman et al. · Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology · 2014
This led us to study the effects of α7nAChR activation in an animal model of RA, and we could show that this resulted in reduced arthritis activity.
Nicotine gum chewing: a novel strategy to shorten duration of postoperative ileus via vagus nerve activation
Wu et al. · Medical hypotheses · 2014
Substantial evidences suggest that gum chewing accelerate the recovery of bowel motility after surgery.
Neuroprotective effects of vagus nerve stimulation on traumatic brain injury
Zhou et al. · Neural regeneration research · 2014
Results showed that vagus nerve stimulation could reduce the degree of brain edema, decrease tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β concentrations, and increase interleukin-10 concentration after brain explosive injury in rabbits.
The role of vagus nerve overactivity in the increased incidence of pneumonia following traumatic brain injury
Hall et al. · British journal of neurosurgery · 2014
By extrapolating this evidence we suggest a possible mechanism for immunosuppression following TBI which also has the potential to be targeted to reduce the incidence of pneumonia.
Vagal nerve stimulation reverses aberrant dopamine system function in the methylazoxymethanol acetate rodent model of schizophrenia
Perez et al. · The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2014
We have previously demonstrated that hyperactivity within ventral regions of the hippocampus (vHipp) drives the dopamine system dysregulation in this model.
Brain stimulation in the treatment of late-life severe mental illness other than unipolar nonpsychotic depression
Liu et al. · The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2014
These interventions could also be combined with other non-brain stimulation treatments for possible synergistic effects.
Population of sensory neurons essential for asthmatic hyperreactivity of inflamed airways
Tränkner et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014
These neurons are found in the vagal ganglia and are characterized by the expression of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel.
Arnold's nerve cough reflex: evidence for chronic cough as a sensory vagal neuropathy
Ryan et al. · Journal of thoracic disease · 2014
In both cases, the cough as well as the Arnold's nerve reflex hypersensitivity were successfully treated with gabapentin, a treatment that has previously been shown to be effective in the treatment of cough due to sensory laryngeal neuropathy (SLN).
Auricular transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in depressed patients: a randomized controlled pilot study
Hein et al. · Journal of Neural Transmission · 2013
Active auricular transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation produced significantly greater improvement in Beck Depression Inventory scores compared to sham stimulation over two weeks in depressed patients.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in tinnitus: a pilot study
Lehtimaki et al. · Acta Otolaryngologica · 2013
tVNS combined with sound therapy reduced tinnitus severity and tinnitus-associated distress, with MEG showing decreased amplitude of auditory N1m responses in both hemispheres.
Behavioural and cognitive effects during vagus nerve stimulation in children with intractable epilepsy - a randomized controlled trial
Klinkenberg et al. · European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society · 2013
VNS did not have a negative effect on cognition nor on psychosocial adjustment.
Vagus nerve stimulation: from epilepsy to the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
Bonaz et al. · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2013
However, both vagal afferents and efferents are activated by VNS.
Vagus nerve stimulation modulates visceral pain-related affective memory
Zhang et al. · Behavioural brain research · 2013
Recently, using a rodent visceral pain assay that combines the colorectal distension (CRD) model with the conditioned place avoidance (CPA) paradigms, we measured a learned behavior that directly reflects the affective component of visceral pain, and showed that perigenual anterior cingulate cort...
Targeting plasticity with vagus nerve stimulation to treat neurological disease
Hays et al. · Progress in brain research · 2013
This chapter will discuss the current progress of VNS paired with experience to drive specific plasticity to treat these neurological disorders and will evaluate additional future applications of targeted plasticity therapy.
Continuous intraoperative vagus nerve stimulation for identification of imminent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury
Schneider et al. · Head & neck · 2013
There was 1 imminent loss of signal (LOS) with intraoperative signal recovery and there were 4 losses of signal with corresponding unilateral transient RLN palsy.
Vagus somatosensory-evoked potentials are prolonged in patients with multiple sclerosis with brainstem involvement
Polak et al. · Neuroreport · 2013
Vagus somatosensory-evoked potentials (VSEP) were proposed as a neurophysiological indicator of brainstem dysfunction based on prolonged latencies found in Alzheimer's dementia and Parkinson's disease.
Traumatic brain injury
Huang · Neurological research · 2013
The authors aim to provide some insight on TBI to neurosurgeons, neurologists, rehabilitation doctors, and other specialists treating TBI patients as well as neuroscientists who are involved in neurotrauma research.
Vagus nerve stimulation to augment recovery from severe traumatic brain injury impeding consciousness: a prospective pilot clinical trial
Shi et al. · Neurological research · 2013
In addition to decreased seizure frequency and severity, patients report enhanced mood, reduced daytime sleepiness independent of seizure control, increased slow wave sleep, and improved cognition, memory, and quality of life.
[Neuromodulation as an intervention for addiction: overview and future prospects]
Luigjes et al. · Tijdschrift voor psychiatrie · 2013
Studies using EEG neurofeedback were shown to have positive effects on drug use, treatment compliance, and cue reactivity in patients with cocaine and alcohol dependence.
Polarity- and valence-dependent effects of prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation on heart rate variability and salivary cortisol
Brunoni et al. · Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2013
Our findings showed that excitability enhancing left anodal tDCS induced a decrease in cortisol levels.
Effects of electroacupuncture at auricular concha region on the depressive status of unpredictable chronic mild stress rat models
Liu et al. · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2013
The results showed that blood pressure and heart rate were significantly reduced in the EA-ACR group than in the UCMS alone group or the EA-ear-tip group.
Neural mechanisms of atrial fibrillation
Park et al. · Current opinion in cardiology · 2012
This review will briefly summarize the neural mechanisms of atrial fibrillation.
Effects of yoga on the autonomic nervous system, gamma-aminobutyric-acid, and allostasis in epilepsy, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder
Streeter et al. · Medical hypotheses · 2012
This has far-reaching implications for the integration of yoga-based practices in the treatment of a broad array of disorders exacerbated by stress.
Is the vagus nerve stimulation a way to decrease body weight in humans?
Bugajski et al. · Folia medica Cracoviensia · 2012
It is suggested, that interaction onto the vagus nerve (stimulation or blocking) can be an alternative for other ways of obesity treatment.
Vagus nerve stimulation enhances perforant path-CA3 synaptic transmission via the activation of β-adrenergic receptors and the locus coeruleus
Shen et al. · The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2012
Our novel findings suggest that information from the periphery modulates synaptic transmission in the CA3 region of the hippocampus.
Is there a role for vagus nerve stimulation therapy as a treatment of traumatic brain injury?
Kumaria et al. · British journal of neurosurgery · 2012
A MEDLINE search yielded four primary papers from the same group that demonstrated VNS mediated improvement following fluid percussion models of TBI in rats, seen as motor and cognitive improvements, reduction of cortical oedema and neuroprotective effects.
Vagal nerve stimulation decreases blood-brain barrier disruption after traumatic brain injury
Lopez et al. · The journal of trauma and acute care surgery · 2012
Six hours after TBI, cerebral vascular permeability was increased fourfold compared with sham (mean [SD], 6.6(E+08) [5.5(E+07)] arbitrary fluorescence units [afu] vs.
Blunted vagal reactivity predicts stress-precipitated tobacco smoking
Ashare et al. · Psychopharmacology · 2012
As expected, stress and ad-lib smoking additively decreased HF-HRV and increased LF/HF.
The vagus nerve and the inflammatory reflex: wandering on a new treatment paradigm for systemic inflammation and sepsis
Huston · Surgical infections · 2012
The central nervous system recognizes peripheral inflammation via afferent vagus nerve signaling.
Effects of vagus nerve stimulation and vagotomy on systemic and pulmonary inflammation in a two-hit model in rats
Kox et al. · PloS one · 2012
No beneficial effects of vagus nerve stimulation performed following LPS administration were found.
The role of the vagus nerve: modulation of the inflammatory reaction in murine polymicrobial sepsis
Kessler et al. · Mediators of inflammation · 2012
Vagotomy significantly increases mortality in polymicrobial sepsis.
Effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculation in endotoxinemic rats
Mihaylova et al. · Journal of neuroinflammation · 2012
In endotoxinemic rats, vagus nerve stimulation tended to increase anti-inflammatory cytokine levels and resulted in a stabile hemodynamic response (28 ± 13%; versus baseline).
Evoked pain analgesia in chronic pelvic pain patients using respiratory-gated auricular vagal afferent nerve stimulation
Napadow et al. · Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2012
RAVANS demonstrated a trend for reduced evoked pain intensity and temporal summation of mechanical pain, and significantly reduced anxiety in N = 15 CPP patients, compared with NVAS, with moderate to large effect sizes (η(2) > 0.2).
Vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: a meta-analysis of efficacy and predictors of response
Englot et al. · Journal of Neurosurgery · 2011
VNS reduced seizure frequency by at least 50% in approximately half of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, with greater efficacy observed in generalised versus partial seizures.
Vagus nerve stimulation in 436 consecutive patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy: long-term outcomes and predictors of response
Elliott et al. · Epilepsy & Behavior · 2011
At mean 5-year follow-up, 63.8% of patients achieved at least 50% seizure reduction, demonstrating that VNS efficacy progressively improves over years of treatment in drug-resistant epilepsy.
Peripheral nerve stimulation in chronic cluster headache
Magis et al. · Progress in neurological surgery · 2011
Although available studies are limited to a relatively small number of patients and placebo-controlled trials are lacking, existent clinical data suggest that occipital nerve stimulation should nonetheless be recommended for intractable chronic cluster headache patients before more invasive deep ...
Acetylcholine-synthesizing T cells relay neural signals in a vagus nerve circuit
Rosas-Ballina et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2011
Thus, action potentials originating in the vagus nerve regulate T cells, which in turn produce the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, required to control innate immune responses.
Arrhythmias and vagus nerve stimulation
Zhang et al. · Heart failure reviews · 2011
Besides its well-known negative chronotropic, inotropic, and dromotropic effects, VNS has profound effects on cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis.
Can vagus nerve stimulation halt or ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis and lupus?
Das · Lipids in health and disease · 2011
Collagen induced arthritis in alpha7nAChR(-/-) mice was significantly severe and showed increased synovial inflammation and joint destruction compared to the wild-type mice.
Safety and efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation in fibromyalgia: a phase I/II proof of concept trial
Lange et al. · Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2011
Side effects were similar to those reported in patients treated with VNS for epilepsy or depression and, in addition, dry mouth and fatigue were reported.
Toll-like receptor 7 agonists are potent and rapid bronchodilators in guinea pigs
Kaufman et al. · The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2011
TLR7 agonists acutely inhibited bronchoconstriction in vivo and relaxed contraction of airway smooth muscle in vitro within minutes of administration.
Role of TNF-α in virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and neuronal M₂ muscarinic receptor dysfunction
Nie et al. · British journal of pharmacology · 2011
Here we test whether virus-induced M₂ receptor dysfunction and airway hyperresponsiveness are tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) dependent.
Encoding of the cough reflex in anesthetized guinea pigs
Canning et al. · American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2011
We found that cough requires sustained, high-frequency (≥8-Hz) afferent nerve activation.
Association between Cold Face Test-induced vagal inhibition and cortisol response to acute stress
La Marca et al. · Psychophysiology · 2011
The stress task induced a significant increase in cortisol and HR, a decrease in RSA, and a worsening of mood.
Vagus nerve stimulation: A new approach to reduce heart failure
Klein et al. · Cardiology journal · 2010
Autonomic imbalance with increased adrenergic and reduced parasympathetic activity is involved in the development and progress of heart failure (HF).
Chronic vagus nerve stimulation decreased weight gain, food consumption and sweet craving in adult obese minipigs
Val-Laillet et al. · Appetite · 2010
Still 14 weeks after surgery, VNS animals (70.3±3.3kg, P>0.10) did not significantly gain weight compared to sham animals (80.6±8.0kg, P<0.05).
Controlling postoperative ileus by vagal activation
Lubbers et al. · World journal of gastroenterology · 2010
Over the last decade, clinical strategies focusing on reduction of surgical stress and promoting postoperative recovery have improved the course of postoperative ileus.
Vagus nerve stimulation therapy in patients with autism spectrum disorder and intractable epilepsy: results from the vagus nerve stimulation therapy patient outcome registry
Levy et al. · Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics · 2010
Two cohorts were compared: 1) patients with epilepsy but without ASD (non-ASD [NASD] Group, 315 patients) who were being tracked in the registry (this cohort, which was controlled for age, included patients 20 years of age or younger); and 2) patients with a diagnosis of ASD who underwent implant...
Modulation of brain dead induced inflammation by vagus nerve stimulation
Hoeger et al. · American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2010
HRV was significantly lower in BD animals.
Targeting primary afferent nerves for novel antitussive therapy
Undem et al. · Chest · 2010
For the latter category we focus on recent advances in voltage-gated sodium (Na(V)) channel biology.
Touch attenuates infants' physiological reactivity to stress
Feldman et al. · Developmental science · 2010
Vagal tone showed a greater suppression when SF was not accompanied by maternal touch.
Enhancement of the function of rat serotonin and norepinephrine neurons by sustained vagus nerve stimulation
Manta et al. · Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience · 2009
Sustained VNS initially increases noradrenergic neuron firing (after 1 day) and subsequently serotonergic neuron firing (after 14 days), representing a unique cascade antidepressant mechanism.
Clinical issues in considering vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression
Rush et al. · Experimental neurology · 2009
Two open trials of adjunctive VNS for TRD showed positive acute results and a growing benefit over time.
Chronic vagus nerve stimulation improves autonomic control and attenuates systemic inflammation and heart failure progression in a canine high-rate pacing model
Zhang et al. · Circulation. Heart failure · 2009
Chronic VNS improves cardiac autonomic control and significantly attenuates HF development in the canine high-rate ventricular pacing model.
Refractory epilepsy: a clinically oriented review
Beleza · European neurology · 2009
New treatments under investigation are described.
Cold face test in persons with spinal cord injury: age versus inactivity
Wecht et al. · Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2009
The HR response to the CFT differed significantly among the SCI group (4.1 +/- 8.8 bpm) and the young (-7.7 +/- 5.9 bpm; P \ 0.001) and old (-6.8 +/- 10.7 bpm; P \ 0.01).
Subdiaphragmatic vagal afferent nerves modulate visceral pain
Chen et al. · American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2008
Activation of the vagal afferents by noxious gastrointestinal stimuli suggests that vagal afferents may play a complex role in visceral pain processes.
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is effective in treating catastrophic 1 epilepsy in very young children
Zamponi et al. · Neurosurgical review · 2008
Four of six children have shown a significant, persistent improvement in seizure control (range, 60-90%).
Lack of effects of vagus nerve stimulation on drug-resistant epilepsy in eight pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorders: a prospective 2-year follow-up study
Danielsson et al. · Epilepsy & behavior : E&B · 2008
It has been suggested that there may be positive cognitive and/or behavioral effects independent of seizure control.
Auricular syncope
Thakar et al. · The Journal of laryngology and otology · 2008
Reflex syncope consequent to stimulation of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve is proposed as the pathophysiological mechanism for this previously undocumented syndrome.
Vagus nerve stimulation increases norepinephrine concentration and the gene expression of BDNF and bFGF in the rat brain
Follesa et al. · Brain Research · 2007
Acute VNS increased the expression of BDNF and fibroblast growth factor in the hippocampus and cortex, and increased norepinephrine concentration in the prefrontal cortex, suggesting neuroplastic mechanisms.
Vagus nerve stimulation for severe depression
Rado et al. · Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services · 2007
Treatment-resistant depression is a serious problem with significant costs in terms of health care dollars and patients' well-being.
Vagus nerve stimulation: indications and limitations
Ansari et al. · Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement · 2007
Recent studies suggest that VNS could be potentially useful in the treatment of resistant depressive disorder.
Autonomic nerve activity and atrial fibrillation
Chen et al. · Heart rhythm · 2007
Clinical studies suggest that both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are important in mediating PAF.
Weight loss during chronic, cervical vagus nerve stimulation in depressed patients with obesity: an observation
Pardo et al. · International journal of obesity (2005) · 2007
Here, we report the serendipitous observation that this treatment was associated with highly significant, gradual weight loss despite the patients' report of not dieting or exercising.
Vagus nerve stimulation and emotional responses to food among depressed patients
Bodenlos et al. · Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2007
Controlling for time since last meal, a significant main effect was found for arousal ratings in response to sweet food images.
[Other treatments for depressive patients]
Tamaoki et al. · Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine · 2007
Electroconvulsive therapy(ECT) is one of the most important methods in treating depressive patients especially who can not be improved with medication.
BOLD fMRI deactivation of limbic and temporal brain structures and mood enhancing effect by transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation
Kraus et al. · Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2007
Our study shows the feasibility and beneficial effects of transcutaneous nerve stimulation in the left auditory canal of healthy subjects.
Vagal nerve stimulation improves cerebellar tremor and dysphagia in multiple sclerosis
Marrosu et al. · Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2007
The results obtained suggest an additional therapeutic application for VNS and may represent a novel form of treatment in patients with severe MS.
Brain stimulation for the treatment of psychiatric disorders
George et al. · Current opinion in psychiatry · 2007
The methods in this class range from non-invasive (transcranial magnetic stimulation) to invasive brain surgery (deep brain stimulation).
Mechanical vagus nerve stimulation--A new adjunct in sepsis prophylaxis and treatment?
Bauhofer et al. · Critical care medicine · 2007
Study examining sepsis using iVNS.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation reduces serum high mobility group box 1 levels and improves survival in murine sepsis
Huston et al. · Critical care medicine · 2007
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation is an efficacious treatment for mice with lethal endotoxemia or polymicrobial sepsis.
Nerve growth factor acutely potentiates synaptic transmission in vitro and induces dendritic growth in vivo on adult neurons in airway parasympathetic ganglia
Hazari et al. · American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2007
Such effects may indicate a new role for NGF in the regulation of parasympathetic tone in the diseased or inflamed lower airways.
Effect of vagus nerve stimulation on serotonergic and noradrenergic transmission
Dorr & Debonnel · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · 2006
VNS significantly increased the basal firing rates of both serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus and noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus, suggesting a novel antidepressant mechanism of action.
Splenectomy inactivates the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway during lethal endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis
Huston et al. · Journal of Experimental Medicine · 2006
Splenectomy abolished the anti-inflammatory effect of cervical VNS, confirming that the spleen is the principal site of immune modulation in the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.
Vagus nerve stimulation and cognition
Boon et al. · Seizure · 2006
Based on the clinical observation of improved cognition in many epilepsy patients who received VNS, we reviewed the recent literature for evidence concerning the cognitive effects of this treatment.
Vagus nerve stimulation in patients with Alzheimer's disease: Additional follow-up results of a pilot study through 1 year
Merrill et al. · The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2006
VNS was well tolerated.
Gastric stimulation in obese subjects activates the hippocampus and other regions involved in brain reward circuitry
Wang et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2006
Metabolism also was significantly higher in right anterior cerebellum, orbitofrontal cortex, and striatum during the on condition.
["Seasonal" hyperkinetic disorder in adolescence: Improvement of symptomatology caused by additional light therapy]
Niederhofer · Psychiatria Danubina · 2006
This case report describes an 15 yr old patient with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, who was initially treated psychopharmacologically (electroconvulsive therapy, vagus nerve stimulation and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation were refused) without a significant improvement.
Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a randomized, controlled acute phase trial
Rush et al. · Biological Psychiatry · 2005
In the pivotal 10-week acute phase trial, active VNS produced a 15.2% response rate versus 10.0% for sham in treatment-resistant depression; the primary endpoint did not reach statistical significance.
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
Pavlov & Tracey · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · 2005
Established that the efferent vagus nerve inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine release through acetylcholine signalling at alpha7 nicotinic receptors, defining the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.
Stimulation of the vagus nerve attenuates macrophage activation by activating the Jak2-STAT3 signaling pathway
de Jonge et al. · Nature Immunology · 2005
VNS ameliorated surgery-induced inflammation and post-operative ileus by activating STAT3 in intestinal macrophages through alpha7 nicotinic receptor-mediated Jak2-STAT3 signalling.
Epithelial cells and their neighbors. II. New perspectives on efferent signaling between brain, neuroendocrine cells, and gut epithelial cells
Flemström et al. · American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2005
Central nervous influence on the release of transmitters from gut endocrine cells offers an exciting area of future gastrointestinal research with a clinical relevance.
Sudarshan Kriya yogic breathing in the treatment of stress, anxiety, and depression: part I-neurophysiologic model
Brown et al. · Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.) · 2005
This model has heuristic value, research implications, and clinical applications.
Vagal nerve stimulation effects on cerebellar tremor in multiple sclerosis
Marrosu et al. · Neurology · 2005
Study examining multiple sclerosis using taVNS.
Abnormal heart rate and blood pressure responses to baroreflex stimulation in multiple sclerosis patients
Sanya et al. · Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2005
The increase in the power of 0.1 Hz RR-interval oscillations during the 0.1 Hz neck suction was significantly smaller (p<0.01) in the MS patients (4.47+/-0.27 to 5.62+/-0.25 ln ms(2)) than in the controls (4.12+/-0.37 to 6.82+/-0.33 ln ms(2)).
Emerging brain-based interventions for children and adolescents: overview and clinical perspective
Hirshberg et al. · Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America · 2005
Several conditions are discussed regarding the use of evidence based thinking related to these emerging interventions and future directions.
TNF(alpha) modulation of visceral and spinal sensory processing
Hermann et al. · Current pharmaceutical design · 2005
We have demonstrated that TNF(alpha) can elicit gastric stasis in a dose-dependent fashion via its interaction with vago-vagal neurocircuitry in the brainstem.
Airflow and autonomic responses to stress and relaxation in asthma: the impact of stressor type
Aboussafy et al. · International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · 2005
The cold pressor test, asthma interview and progressive muscle relaxation produced significant decreases in airflow compared to the baseline period.
Age effect on far field potentials from the brain stem after transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation
Fallgatter et al. · International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · 2005
Latencies were significantly longer in the elderly as compared to the younger participants, while no clear age effects on amplitudes were identified.
Changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis measures after vagus nerve stimulation therapy in chronic depression
O'Keane et al. · Biological psychiatry · 2005
There were significant reductions in depression scores over the study period.
Vagal nerve stimulation markedly improves long-term survival after chronic heart failure in rats
Li et al. · Circulation · 2004
Vagal nerve stimulation markedly improved the long-term survival of CHF rats through the prevention of pumping failure and cardiac remodeling.
[Surgical treatment of epilepsy]
Halász et al. · Ideggyogyaszati szemle · 2004
In a brief chapter the importance of postsurgical rehabilitation is emphasized.
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha7 subunit is an essential regulator of inflammation
Wang et al. · Nature · 2003
Established that the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha7 subunit is essential for inhibiting cytokine synthesis by the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, identifying the critical receptor on macrophages.
Cervical vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression
Carpenter et al. · Neurosurgery clinics of North America · 2003
Longer term data on VNS in depressed patients as well as further information regarding the possible dose-response relation will help to determine the place of VNS in the armament of therapeutic modalities available for major depression.
Beyond the treatment of epilepsy: new applications of vagus nerve stimulation in psychiatry
Kosel et al. · CNS spectrums · 2003
Recent data from an open-label, multi-center pilot study involving 60 patients suggest a potential clinical usefulness in the acute and maintenance treatment of drug-resistant depressive disorder.
BOLD fMRI activation induced by vagus nerve stimulation in seizure patients
Liu et al. · Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2003
All patients showed activation in the frontal and occipital lobes.
A review of functional neuroimaging studies of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS)
Chae et al. · Journal of psychiatric research · 2003
Functional neuroimaging studies have the potential to provide greater insight into the brain circuitry behind the activity of VNS.
Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve restores motility in an animal model of achalasia
Khajanchee et al. · Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract · 2003
Animals in group 2 demonstrated a vigorous variety of achalasia (high-amplitude, simultaneous, repetitive contractions), moderate esophageal dilatation, and degeneration of 40% to 60% of intramuscular nerve plexi.
Mechanisms of bronchopulmonary C-fiber hypersensitivity induced by cationic proteins
Lee et al. · Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2003
Although an involvement of bronchopulmonary C-fiber afferents in the cationic protein-induced airway hyperresponsiveness has been suggested, direct electrophysiological evidence has not been established.
Effects of age on the cardiac and vascular limbs of the arterial baroreflex
Brown et al. · European journal of clinical investigation · 2003
Resting low- and high-frequency powers of the RR interval decreased significantly with age (P < 0.01).
Vagus-nerve stimulation for the treatment of epilepsy
Ben-Menachem · The Lancet Neurology · 2002
Comprehensive review establishing VNS as an accepted treatment for refractory epilepsy, with efficacy that improves over 18-24 months and evidence of broad-spectrum antiseizure effects.
The inflammatory reflex
Tracey · Nature · 2002
Landmark review defining the 'inflammatory reflex' — a neural circuit by which the vagus nerve modulates the immune response, with cholinergic neurons inhibiting acute inflammation in real time.
Vagus nerve stimulation for refractory epilepsy
Boon et al. · Seizure · 2002
Two randomized controlled studies have shown a statistically significant decrease in seizure frequency during a 12-week treatment period versus a baseline period when 'high stimulation' mode was compared with 'low stimulation' mode.
Vagal stimulation and atrial fibrillation: experimental models and clinical uncertainties
Wilber et al. · Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology · 2002
Study examining heart health using taVNS.
Vagus nerve stimulation therapy: a research update
George et al. · Neurology · 2002
In general, improved understanding of the neurobiological effects of VNS therapy as a function of the different use parameters (frequency, intensity, pulse width, duration, dose) is beginning to guide clinical use and help determine which diseases, in addition to epilepsy, VNS might treat.
Cognition-enhancing effect of vagus nerve stimulation in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a pilot study
Sjögren et al. · The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2002
After 3 months of treatment, 7 of 10 patients were responders according to the ADAS-cog (median improvement of 3.0 points), and 9 of 10 patients were responders according to the MMSE (median improvement of 1.5 points).
Cerebral activation during vagus nerve stimulation: a functional MR study
Narayanan et al. · Epilepsia · 2002
VNS-induced activation was detected in the thalami bilaterally (left more than right), insular cortices bilaterally, ipsilateral basal ganglia and postcentral gyri, right posterior superior temporal gyrus, and inferomedial occipital gyri (left more than right).
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) synchronized BOLD fMRI suggests that VNS in depressed adults has frequency/dose dependent effects
Lomarev et al. · Journal of psychiatric research · 2002
In addition to the acute immediate effects of VNS on regional brain activity, this study suggests further that VNS at different frequencies likely has frequency or dose dependent modulatory effects on other brain activities (e.g.
Effect of dopamine receptor agonists on sensory nerve activity: possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of asthma and COPD
Birrell et al. · British journal of pharmacology · 2002
Evidence suggests that dopamine receptor agonists may inhibit sensory nerve-mediated responses.
Brain-heart connection and the risk of heart attack
Singh et al. · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2002
Dietary n-3 fatty acids and coenzyme Q10 have been found to prevent the increased circadian occurrence of cardiac events in our randomized controlled trials, possibly by increasing HRV.
Vagus nerve stimulation in depression
Goodnick et al. · Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy · 2001
Currently, a pivotal double-blind acute study is underway in the US.
Experimentally induced emotions, facial muscle activity, and respiratory resistance in asthmatic and non-asthmatic individuals
Ritz et al. · The British journal of medical psychology · 2001
Significant increases of respiratory resistance were observed in asthmatic patients following depressing stimulation.
Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin
Borovikova et al. · Nature · 2000
Landmark discovery that electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve dramatically reduced TNF production and attenuated systemic inflammation in an endotoxemia model, establishing the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.
Functional and chemical anatomy of the afferent vagal system
Berthoud & Neuhuber · Autonomic Neuroscience · 2000
Comprehensive anatomical review establishing that approximately 80% of vagal fibres are afferent, carrying sensory information from visceral organs to the brain, with the vagus innervating nearly the entire gastrointestinal tract.
Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression
Rosenbaum et al. · Biological psychiatry · 2000
Study examining depression using iVNS.
Effects of age and gender on cardiovascular responses to phenylephrine
Turner et al. · The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 1999
The young subjects exhibited a paradoxical increase in heart rate in response to alpha-adrenergic stimulation, but the older subjects did not (p < .01).
Effects of age and hypertension on cardiac responses to the alpha1-agonist phenylephrine in humans
White et al. · American journal of hypertension · 1999
There is an age- and hypertension-related decrease in reflex vagal restraint in response to alpha1-adrenoceptor stimulation in humans, which leads to significant attenuation of the decrease in heart rate as well as in LV function in response to a pressor stimulus, and presumably therefore to enha...
Vagus nerve stimulation therapy for partial-onset seizures: a randomized active-control trial
Handforth et al. · Neurology · 1998
High-stimulation VNS produced a significantly greater reduction in seizure frequency (28%) compared to low-stimulation controls (15%) in drug-resistant epilepsy.
Vagus nerve stimulation
Schachter et al. · Epilepsia · 1998
Encouraging results have also been reported in pediatric patients.
Renal sympathetic nerve responses to somato-sensory nerve stimulation in normotensive rats
Davis et al. · Journal of the autonomic nervous system · 1995
In the vagotomised group, power at heart rate was significantly lower at each stimulus frequency compared to intact rats although coherence was similar and the phase difference was larger.
Neurophysiology of mast cell-nerve interactions in the airways
Undem et al. · International archives of allergy and immunology · 1995
In addition, we have found that antigen stimulation has direct effects on the excitability of the parasympathetic ganglion neurons.
Histamine-induced end-tidal inspiratory activity and lung receptors in cats
Meeseen et al. · The European respiratory journal · 1995
This suggests that hyperinflation in acute asthma might be due, at least in part, to ETIA resulting from an imbalance between SAR and RAR activity.
Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment of partial seizures: 1. A controlled study of effect on seizures
Ben-Menachem et al. · Epilepsia · 1994
In the first major controlled trial of VNS for epilepsy (E03), high-stimulation VNS achieved a 24.5% median reduction in seizure frequency versus 6.1% in the low-stimulation group in drug-resistant partial seizures.
Virus-induced airway obstruction and parasympathetic hyperresponsiveness in adult rats
Sorkness et al. · American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 1994
Airway responses to vagal parasympathetic nerve stimulation were enhanced markedly at 1 to 4 wk, and significantly at 7 to 8 wk, after viral inoculation.
Airway effects of direct left-sided cervical vagal stimulation in patients with complex partial seizures
Lötvall et al. · Epilepsy research · 1994
We conclude that long-term vagal stimulation in patients without concomitant lung disease does not induce any significant changes in FEV1.
Neural regulation of renin secretion
Kopp et al. · Seminars in nephrology · 1993
The degree of interaction between the neural and non-neural mechanisms is dependent on the level of activation of the non-neural mechanisms and the intensity of renal sympathetic nerve activity.
Effects of two novel tachykinin antagonists, FK224 and FK888, on neurogenic airway plasma exudation, bronchoconstriction and systemic hypotension in guinea-pigs in vivo
Hirayama et al. · British journal of pharmacology · 1993
[Sar]SP induced a small but significant bronchoconstriction which was completely inhibited by both tachykinin antagonists.
Vagal afferent and reflex responses to changes in surface osmolarity in lower airways of dogs
Pisarri et al. · Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 1992
Our results suggest that non-isosmotic fluid in the lower airways initiates defense reflexes by stimulating pulmonary and bronchial C-fibers and rapidly adapting receptors.
[Changes in autonomic cardiovascular control in biological aging--studies using orthostatic provocation and analysis of heart rate profiles in long-term ECG]
Bramann · Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie · 1992
A down-regulation of the beta-receptors as a consequence of the permanent sympathetic drive is probable.
Effect of somatic nerve stimulation on the kidney in intact, vagotomized and carotid sinus-denervated rats
Davis et al. · The Journal of physiology · 1991
However, urine flow rate and absolute and fractional sodium excretions decreased by 50, 59 and 47% respectively, responses which were significantly greater than in the intact group.
Persistence of the Hering-Breuer reflex beyond the neonatal period
Rabbette et al. · Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 1991
There was a significant increase in TE during each occlusion in every infant irrespective of age at measurement.
[Intestinal sensitivity disorders and irritable bowel syndrome]
Mei · Gastroenterologie clinique et biologique · 1990
Dealing with the structure or the function of single neurons, these techniques have profoundly increased our knowledge about the sensitive mechanisms in the digestive tract.
Cyclooxygenase inhibitors increase canine tracheal muscle response to parasympathetic stimuli in situ
Bethel et al. · Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 1990
In subsequent experiments to determine the site of action of cyclooxygenase inhibitors, we found that indomethacin does not alter the response of tracheal muscle to intra-arterial acetylcholine (a muscarinic agonist) but does augment the response to intra-arterial dimethylpiperaziniumiodide (a ni...
Vagally mediated inhibition of acoustic stress-induced cortisol release by orally administered kappa-opioid substances in dogs
Bueno et al. · Endocrinology · 1989
Administered orally 30 min before the AS session, both U-50488 (0.1 mg/kg) and PD 117-302 (0.05 mg/kg) significantly (P less than or equal to 0.01) decreased (by 71.2% and 80.9%, respectively) the maximal increase in plasma cortisol induced by AS, while bremazocine, morphine, as well as iv admini...
Reflex gastric relaxation in response to distention of the duodenum
De Ponti et al. · The American journal of physiology · 1987
Neither bethanechol nor combined phentolamine and propranolol infused intravenously had any significant effect on gastric relaxation in response to duodenal distention.
Cholinergic and neurogenic mechanisms in obstructive airways disease
Bleecker · The American journal of medicine · 1986
Alpha-adrenoreceptors are found in human airways and stimulation of these receptors causes bronchoconstriction.
Peripheral control of hypersynchronous discharge in epilepsy
Zabara · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · 1985
Seminal preclinical demonstration that vagus nerve stimulation could suppress experimentally induced seizure activity, providing the scientific foundation for the development of clinical VNS therapy.
Kidney function during arterial chemoreceptor stimulation. I. Influence of unilateral renal nerve section, bilateral cervical vagotomy, constant artificial ventilation, and carotid body chemoreceptor inactivation
Schmidt et al. · Biomedica biochimica acta · 1985
In the spontaneously breathing animals carotid body chemoreceptor stimulation effected a rise of fractional sodium excretion only in the denervated kidneys whereas the relaxed and constantly ventilated cats showed a natriuretic response both at the innervated and denervated side.
Adenosine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma. Role of parasympathetic stimulation and adrenergic inhibition
Mann et al. · The American review of respiratory disease · 1985
After equivalent degrees of bronchoconstriction, 35 to 36% fall in FEV1 and 60 to 62% fall in SGaw cumulative doses of inhaled isoproterenol produced almost identical maximal increases in FEV1 and SGaw after adenosine as achieved after histamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Pharmacological modulation of bronchial hyperreactivity
Richards · European journal of respiratory diseases. Supplement · 1983
In dogs exposed to SO2 gas changes in RL induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine or electrical stimulation of the vagus nerves were significantly increased when compared to the responses in normal dogs.
Control of breathing in asthma
Schiff · Clinics in chest medicine · 1980
Further growth in the applications of knowledge of respiratory control may be expected.
The mechanism of rapid, shallow breathing after inhaling histamine aerosol in exercising dogs
Bleecker et al. · The American review of respiratory disease · 1976
We concluded that histamine stimulates breathing by stimulation of receptors whose afferent pathways are in the vagus nerves; the effective stimulus is not bronchoconstriction but is presumably due to direct stimulation of airway receptors.