Towards optimizing target engagement in non-invasive trigeminal nerve stimulation: anatomical characterization of the human trigeminal nerve
Perrault JL, Kozma KD, Zeng W, Nkana Z, Albano NJ, Gunderson KA, Hurley SA, Lake WB, Williams JC, Poore SO, et al.
Journal of Neural Engineering · 2025
Key finding
The SON was found to be significantly more superficial than the ION and MN with a higher nerve-to-connective tissue ratio compared to the MN.
- Condition
- ADHD
- Stimulation
- tcVNS
- Evidence tier
- Controlled Clinical Trial
- Participants
- —
Cite this study
Perrault, J. L., Kozma, K. D., Zeng, W., Nkana, Z., Albano, N. J., Gunderson, K. A., Hurley, S. A., Lake, W. B., Williams, J. C., Poore, S. O., Ludwig, K. A., Dingle, A. M., & Suminski, A. J. (2025). Towards optimizing target engagement in non-invasive trigeminal nerve stimulation: anatomical characterization of the human trigeminal nerve. Journal of Neural Engineering, 22(6), 066016. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ae1dae
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Summary by Vagus Research. Always consult the primary source for the authoritative record.